Surgical Techniques for Preparation of Teaser Bulls.pptx

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1. Surgical Techniques for Preparation of Teaser Bulls Surgical Techniques for Preparation of Teaser Bulls This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY .

2. Importance of efficient estrus detection in cattle herds using artificial insemination (AI): Efficient estrus detection plays a vital role in maximizing reproductive performance in cattle herds utilizing AI. Accurate identification of estrus allows for timely insemination, increasing the chances of successful conception. Advantages of using teaser bulls for estrus detection: Natural detection: Teaser bulls, being intact males, have a heightened ability to detect estrus in cows, including those with transient heat or weak/short estrus. Detection of subtle signs: Teaser bulls can detect estrus in cows that exhibit subtle signs, such as those seen in certain breeds or during nighttime periods. Reduced management and time requirements: Utilizing teaser bulls for estrus detection can decrease the need for other labor-intensive methods, saving time and management resources. Note: Efficient estrus detection through the use of teaser bulls offers several advantages, including their natural detection abilities and their ability to stimulate reproductive activity in the herd. These advantages contribute to improved reproductive performance and greater efficiency in artificial insemination programs.

3. Objectives of surgical preparation of a teaser bull Render the animal sterile Prevent intromission and venereal disease transmission Preserve libido This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC .

4. Caudal Epididymectomy: Description: Removal of the caudal epididymis Medications: Local anesthetic (e.g., lidocaine) for infiltration Suture Choice: Nonabsorbable sutures (e.g., nylon or polypropylene) Suture Pattern: Interrupted sutures for closure Potential complications: Infection, hemorrhage, wound dehiscence Instruments: Scalpel or surgical blade for incision Dissecting forceps for tissue manipulation Clamps for clamping and ligation Scissors for tissue cutting Needle holder for suture placement and tying Suture scissors for cutting sutures

5. Vasectomy: Description: Severing or occlusion of the vas deferens Medications: Local anesthetic (e.g., lidocaine) for line block Suture Choice: Nonabsorbable sutures (e.g., nylon or polypropylene) Suture Pattern: Suturing of vaginal tunic and scrotal incision Potential complications: Infection, hemorrhage, wound dehiscence Scalpel blade + handle Allis tissue forceps or towel clamps Mosquito hemostat x 2-3 Kelly hemostat, curved Needle holders Suture scissors 3-0 to 2-0 absorbable suture

6. Surgical procedures to prevent intromission

7. Preputial obstruction techniques: Umbilical tape purse-string suture Plastic tube (Pen-O-Block-L) Surgical closure of the preputial orifice Stainless steel ring to create phimosis Medications: Local anesthetic (e.g., lidocaine) for infiltration Suture Choice: Nonabsorbable sutures (e.g., nylon or polypropylene) Suture Pattern: Purse-string or continuous suture patterns as appropriate Potential complications: Infection, wound dehiscence Instruments: Scalpel or surgical blade for incision Dissecting forceps for tissue manipulation Needle holder for suture placement and tying Suture scissors for cutting sutures

8. Artificial corpus cavernosal thrombosis Technique: Injection of soft acrylic in the corpus cavernosum penis at the proximal sigmoid flexure to create an artificial thrombus that prevents erection. Anesthesia: Caudal epidural anesthesia Position: Standing position Incision: 15 cm midline vertical skin incision Dissection: Sharp dissection of thick subcutaneous fascia and blunt dissection of elastic layers surrounding the penis Exteriorization: A loop of the penis is exteriorized Injection: 6 to 10 mL of slow-setting soft acrylic injected into the corpus cavernosum penis Fixation sutures: Two nonabsorbable fixation sutures are placed from the tunica albuginea on the lateral aspects of the penis at the distal sigmoid flexure to prevent penile prolapse. Closure: Skin incision is closed with nonabsorbable interrupted sutures Completion: Bilateral caudal epididymectomy or vasectomy Recovery: Sutures removed in 2 weeks Complications: Inadequate infiltration of acrylic into the corpus cavernosum penis, failure of the technique, or inadvertent injection into the corpus spongiosum penis or urethra, causing urethral obstruction.

9. Penile fixation/dislocation Indications: Part of a teaser bull procedure to minimize intromission and disease transmission Relevant Anatomy: Preputial opening moved above the flank fold, prepuce minimally attached to body wall Preoperative Management: Food and water restrictions, preoperative NSAIDs, antibiotics, local blocks Position/Preparation: Dorsal recumbency, use of a long probe to identify structures and minimize trauma to the sheath Surgical Supplies: Standard surgical instruments, sterile rectal sleeve, lap sponge forceps Surgical Procedure: Circular incision made around the prepuce, sheath removed from body wall through blunt and sharp dissection, subcutaneous path created from new site to prepuce, prepuce secured to new site with continuous pattern of 0 absorbable suture Postoperative Care: Suture removal in 10-14 days, sexual rest for 60 days Complications: Not specified in the provided information.

10. Penectomy with perineal urethrostomy Indications: Obstructive urolithiasis in ruminants and induce infertility Relevant Anatomy: Surgery performed proximal to obstruction, incision stays on vertical aspect of perineum, retractor penis muscles encountered first Preoperative Management: Perioperative analgesics, epidural anesthesia combined with local anesthesia if required Position/Preparation: Standing Surgical Supplies: Scalpel blade and handle, large hemostats, needle holders, thumb forceps, Mayo scissors, suture scissors, 2-0 and 0 absorbable suture with cutting needle, Foley catheter (optional) Surgical Procedure: 10 cm vertical incision on midline, transection of retractor penis muscles, blunt dissection to bulbospongiosus muscle with palpable urethral groove, incision on midline to open urethra, mucosa of urethra sutured to skin using simple interrupted sutures, cruciates , or short continuous runs

11. dorsal scrotal penile deflection Xylazine (tranquilizer) Local anesthetic (xylocaine) Scalpel, forceps, hemostats, suture material, needles Administer xylazine according to body weight. Cast bull, tie legs for working space near post scrotal region. Inject xylocaine. Make a 3 cm incision, clear tissue with forceps. Pull out penis and prepuce, cut preputial attachment around the penis. Anchor penis with a suture (optional). Keep away for 3 days, hose wound with clean water and sulfanilamide powder mixed in fly repellent applied. After 4 days, check sexual behavior and libido.

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