sweat formtion in human body and different types of sweat glands and their functions

PROCESS OF SWEAT FORMATION AND REGULATION IN HUMAN BODY, INSENSIBLE PERSPIRATION, FUNCTION OF SWEAT GLANDS , TYPES OF SWEAT GLANDS IN HUMAN, FUNCTION OF SWEAT, SWEAT REGULATION BY ENDOCRINE AND NERVOUS MECHANISM

1. Exercise physiology and ergonomics Subtitle

2. SWEAT GLANDS SWEAT FORMATION SWEAT SECRETION SWEAT REGULATION BY MEENALI MISHRA A13156216005 M.Sc ( MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY)

3. SWEAT GLANDS Also called sudoriferous glands Distributed over the entire skin except THE NIPPLES and THE EXTERNAL PART OF GENETALIA Two kind of sweat glands ECCRINE GLAND APOCRINE GLAND

4. SECRETION OF SWEAT GLANDS

5. ECCRINE GLAND Secretion is called sweat Sweat is hypotonic filtrate of blood Sweat is released by exocytosis

6. APOCRINE GLAND Contains the same basic components as true sweat plus fatty substance and proteins Secretion is quite viscous; milky or yellowish colour S ecretion is odourless (during infection takes on a musky and generally unpleasant odour)

7. MODIFIED APOCRINE GLAND CERUMINOUS GLAND Found in the lining of the external ear canal SECERTION- A sticky, bitter substance called cerumen or ear wax . MAMMARY GLAND Present in females SECRETION- Milk

8. COMPOSITION OF SWEAT 99% Water Some salts ( mostly Na Cl ) Vitamin C A microbe killing peptide dubbed DERMICIDIN Trace of metabolites (urea, uric acid, ammonia) Lactic acid Composition also depends on heredity and diet

9. SWEAT FORMATION When the sweat gland is stimulated ; the cells secrete a fluid ( Primary secretion) . It is mostly water and it has high concentrations of Sodium and Chloride and low concentration of Potassium; but without the proteins and the fatty acids. The source of fluid is the space between the cells (interstitial spaces) ; which get the fluid from the blood vessels in the dermis. This fluid travels from the coiled portion up through the straight duct.

10. SWEAT GLAND REGULATION Primarily controlled by a central thermoregulatory centre in brain and modulated by mean skin temperature Primary controller of sweating is the integration between internal and skin temperature ; a number of non thermal factors modulate the sweating response

11. REGULATION OF SWEAT Regulated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system Major is to prevent overheating of the body Two kind of sweating- HEAT INDUCED SWEATING Begins on the forehead; then spreads inferiorly over the remainder of the body. 2. EMOTIONALLY INDUCED SWEATING Also called cold sweating Brought on by fright ; embrrassment or nervousness Begins on the palms, soles,and axillae and then spreads over the entire body

12. NEURAL PATHWAY FOR REGULATION Efferent signals from the pre optic area travels via the tegmentum of the pons and the medullary raphe region to the intermedio -lateral cell column of the spinal cord. In the spinal cord, neurons emerges from the ventral horns, pass through the white ramus communicans and the synapse in the sympathetic ganglia. Postganglionic non mylinated c fibres pass through the grey ramus communicans , combine with the peripheral nerves and travel to the sweat gland, with these nerve fibres , entwinded around the perglndular tissues of the eccrine gland

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