SWERTIA CHIRATA NATURAL PRODUCT OF PHARMACEUTICALS

HERE THE NATURAL PRODUCT SERTIA CHIRATA IS DISCUSSED WITH ITS COMMON NAME, CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS, SAR, MEDICINAL ACTIVITY AND MORE

1. SWERTIA CHIRATA

2. Synonyms:  Swertia chirata, Ophelia chirata Common name:   Chirayita   Botanical name :     Swertia chirayita Family:   Gentianaceae   Geographic region:   Plant is native of India and generally grow in mountainous region of North India Uses : Hypoglycemic property that helps in controlling blood sugar level in the body B.S : It consist of dried entire herb of Swertia chirata   Hepatoprotective , antihepatotoxic , antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory , anticarcinogenic , antileprosy , hypoglycemic, antimalarial , antioxidant, anticholinergic , CNS depressant and mutagenicity

3. Chemical Constituents: Xanthones are main secondary metabolites of Swertia species Xanthone derivatives chiratol , mangiferin , swertianin , chiratanin , and chiratenol   Amarogentin , Swertiamarin 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone Bellidifolin Isobellidifolin

4. ISOLATION: 30g powdered sample of both leaf and stem Extracted in 50 ml of methanol separately using Soxhlet (48 hrs) Cooled at room temperature, filtered through Whatmann No. 1 filter paper Evaporated Dried extracts High speed counter current chromatography

5. MOA: Swerchirin stimulating insulin release from islets of pancreas lowers blood glucose enhance insulin signaling Increase glucokinase (GK) activities Methylswertianin and bellidifolin

6. Essential for activity -OH not very much important OH essential for hypoglycemic activity Substitution of -OCH 3 make comp. more active than -OH substitution SAR:

7. methylswertianin 1,8-dihydroxy- 2,6-dimethoxyxanthen-9-one Bellidifolin 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthen-9-one demethy l bellidifolin 1,3,5,8-tetrahydroxyxanthen-9-one Swerchirin 1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyxanthen-9-one

8. Mangiferin Inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase1B ( PTP1B ) Treat Type 2 DM Negative regulator of insulin signaling pathway MOA: