Symptomatology of nasal diseases

symptoms of nasal disease

1. SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF NASAL DISEASES By Dr. Vijay K umar

2. NASAL SYMPTOMS Nasal Obstruction Nasal Discharge Epistaxis Disturbance of smell S neezing Post-nasal drip Cough Headache and facial pain Swelling or deformity Change in voice Snoring

3. Nasal obstruction Unilateral Bilateral U/L Choanal atresia B/L Choanal atresia C-shaped DNS S-shaped DNS FB (children) Chronic sinusitis U/L Atrophic rhinitis Atrophic rhinitis Antro-choanal polyp E thmoidal polyp U/L Rhinosporidiosis B/L Rhinosporidiosis Turbinate Hypertrophy AR, VMR, Septal abscess Synechia, Rhinolith Enlarged Adenoids, JNA U/L Benign/Malignant Growth Occupying lesion of nose & PNS Nasopharynx.

4. Intermittent Nasal Obstruction: VMR, AR, Early Ethmoidal Polyposis Progressive Nasal Obstruction: Polyp late stage, Malignancies Persistent Nasal Obstruction: DNS, Polyp late stage, Malignancies late stage Nasal obstruction...

5. Nasal Discharge Unilateral Bilateral FB (children) Enlarged Adenoids U/l Choanal atresia B/l Choanal atresia Antro-choanal polyp Ethmoidal polyp U/L Chronic sinusitis B/ LChronic sinusitis U/L Rhinosporidiosis B/L Rhinosporidiosis Rhinolith , CSF Rhinorrhea AR, VMR Neoplasm Nose & PNS

6. Watery Nasal Discharge : Common cold AR , VMR CSF Leak Purulent Nasal Discharge : Chronic Sinusitis Atrophic Rhinitis with Secondary Sinusistis Neoplasm with Secondary Sinusisti Impacted FB Nasal Discharge...

7. Bloody N asal Discharge: Chronic Sinusitis Rhinolith FB, myiasis Fungal Sinusitis TB, Leprosy, Lupus Rhinosporidiosis Neoplasm Nasal Discharge...

8. Epistaxis 1. Local: Trauma – self Inflicted (Nose Pricking) Surgery Fracture Violent sneezing, Barotrauma Infection – Vestibulitis Viral rhinitis, diphtheric rhinitis Atrophic rhinitis Fungal infection TB, Lupus, Leprosy Foreign Body- Rhinolith, myiasis Neoplasm- JNA, B enign/Malignant tumours of nose & PNS

9. Epistaxis... 2. Systemic Disease: Hypertension , Anemia, Leukemia, liver failure, Vit . K deficiency, Bleeding disorders. 3 Hormonal factors : Puberty, Pregnancy

10. Disturbance of smell Anosmia – Total loss of smell : Nasal polyps, turbinate hypertrophy, AR, VMR, DNS, Synechia, Tumors of nose & nasopharynx , E nlarged Adenoids Hyposmia – Reduced sense of smell: Nasal polyps, turbinate hypertrophy, AR, VMR, DNS, Synechia, Tumors of nose & nasopharynx Hyperosmia – Exaggerated sense of smell: Acute/ Chronic Rhinitis, Pregnancy, hysteria, Neuresthenia .

11. Disturbance of smell.. Parosmia – Altered sense of smell: Smoking, Chemical Exposure, Bacterial/Viral infection, Traumatic Brain Injury. Cacosmia – Every odor perceived as foul smell: Intoxication, Cocaine abuse, Aspirin abuse, Pregnancy

12. Sneezing AR, VMR, polyps, Myiasis , Exposure to Irritants. Post-nasal drip AR, Acute/ Chronis sinusitis

13. Headache Frontal Sinusitis (office Headache), E thmoidal Sinusitis(Spectacle Headache) , Maxillary Sinusitis( Facialpain ), Sphenoidal Sinusitis(Occipital Headache), DNS, Spur(Anterior Ethmoidal Nerve syndrome), Trigeminal Neuralgia. Rule out other cuses of headache

14. Swelling or deformity Deformities includes- Frog Face, Telecanthus, Saddle nose(congenital syphilis, R hinoscleroma), Crooked nose(trauma), bifid nose(due maldevelopment ), Tapir Nose(Rhinoscleroma, Leishmaniasis) D eformity due to tumours of nasal cavity

15. Change in voice 1. Rhinolalia Aperta : Excessive nasal intonation due palatal cuses . Cleft Palate Palatal Paralysis Submucous Cleft Following Adenoidectomy with development of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Palatal Perforation

16. Change in voice... 2.Rhinolalia Clausa : Loss of nasal intonation due nasal or nasopharyngeal obstruction. Nasal Polyp, Turbinate Hypertrophy DNS, Rhinitis Medicamentosa Adenoids, JNA, other nasopharyngeal mass.

17. Snoring Sleep A pnea Syndrome, Enlarged Adenoids, Tumours of Nasopharynx.

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