Synonym, Antonym, and Hyponym

By : Yenni Yulita Sitompul

1. Synonym, Antonym, and Hyponym By : Yenni Yulita Sitompul

2. Synonym

3. Synonym is the state or phenomenon in which the words that sound different, but have the same or identical meaning, as another word or phrase. Synonyms can be nouns, verbs, adverbs or adjectives, as long as both are the same part of speech .

4. Antonym

5. Antonym is the state or phenomenon in which the words have the sense relation which involve the opposite of meaning. In many languages, including English, you can sometimes make antonyms by adding a prefix: real – unreal, flexible – inflexible. The word pairs of antonym can be divided into several types : 1. Gradable antonyms 2. Complementary antonyms 3. Relational antonyms .

6. 1. Gradable antonyms. Graded antonyms are word pairs that have variations between the two opposites. For example : Sane and crazy, cool and hot, wet and dry, late and early, ignorant and educated Rich and Poor

7. 2. Relational antonyms. Relational antonyms are pairs that have a relationship. Each word wouldn’t exist without the other.  For example : Servant and master, borrow and lend, come and go, toward and away, divisor and dividend, parent and child. Parent and Child

8. 3. Complimentary antonyms. Complimentary antonyms  are word pairs that have no degree of meaning. There are only two opposite possibilities. For example   : L eave and arrive, pre and post, question and answer, single and married, hired and fired, b rother and sister, before and after, male and female alive and dead.

9. 4. Adding a Prefix. Sometimes , an antonym can be easily made by adding a prefix . Examples of antonyms that were made by adding the prefix “un” are: Likely and unlike, able and unable. By adding the prefix “non” you can make these pairs: Entity and nonentity, conformist and nonconformist. Lastly, adding the prefix “in” can make the following pairs: a.       Tolerant and intolerant b.      Decent and indecent c.      Discreet and indiscreet d.      Excusable and inexcusable

10. Hyponym Hyponyms are words that all can be placed into the same category . Example : red, yellow, green, blue, purple, black is hyponym of color . Clarinet, guitar, piano, trumpet, violin, are hyponyms of musical instruments .

11. rEFERENCES   http:// conceptsinsemantics.weebly.com/synonym-antonym-hyponym.html http :// englishsemantics4eslstudents.blogspot.co.id/2011/02/synonym-antonym-and-hyponym.html http ://ekarisqilatul.blogspot.co.id/2013/11/synonym-antonym-hypernym-hyponym-homonym_9.html http://ekarisqilatul.blogspot.co.id/2013/11/synonym-antonym-hypernym-hyponym-homonym_9.html

12. THANK YOU