SYNOVITIS.pptx

Medical

1. INTRODUCTION BURSITIS: Bursae are fluid-filled sacs found about in the joints. Bursitis 1 inflammation or irritation of a bursa sac. It is caused by repeated pressure on an area or by using a joint too much.

2. DEFINITION: Bursitis is defined by a swelling of a synovial bursa.

3. ETIOLOGY: Strenuous or repeated physical activity- Injury or trauma Infection Underlying rheumatic conditions such as pseudogout and gout Inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. Ankylosing spondylitis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

4. RISK FACTORS Aging Chronic medical problem Repetitive sport or activities Repetitive use of a same joint Improper posture Getting an infection that can spread to bursae, bones and joints Injuries to the bursae

5. TYPES: Prepatellar Bursitis Tears or damage to your kneecaps or knee bursae may cause swelling. Trochanteric Bursitis I s painful swelling near hip joint. Retrocalcaneal Bursitis Running, jumping or repetitive activities can inflame the bursae in your heels.

6. CONT… Infectious (Septic) Bursitis Infectious or septic, bursitis occurs when the bursa becomes inflamed due to an infection from bacteria.

7. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: Stiff Tenderness or pain Heat Stiffness Restricted movement. Fever (over 102° F)

8. CONT… Swelling, redness, and warmth in the area General illness or more than one area that hurts Trouble moving the joint pressure or shocks

9. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION: Physical examination and full medical history. Ultrasound scanning. Blood tests - Sample of the fluid in the affected bursae to rule out infection or underlying conditions. X-ray of the affected area to rule out other problems that might be causing pain. MRI and ultrasound to study an image of joint.

10. MANAGEMET Avoid activities that make it worse. Rest and raise the affected area to restrict or stop the activity that has caused the bursitis. Ice packs applied to the area to reduce swelling and discomfort. Wearing a support on the injured joint by put a brace, band, or splint on the joint. Reducing pressure on the affected area by wearing pads around the bursa and well-fitted shoes for heel bursitis.

11. CONT… Anti-inflammatory pain-relieving medications e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen. Cortisone (corticosteroid) injections into the affected area. Occasionally, the fluid may need to be aspirated from the affected bursa to relieve pressure. Need antibiotics if aspirate infected fluid from infected bursa. Weight loss may be recommended for obese patient in order to help to relieve pressure on the affected joint(s).

12. CONT… Physical therapy or joint. exercises to strengthen the muscles around the affected joint. Sometime may be used needle to inject medicine into the irritated area.

13. NURSING MANAGEMENT

14. Prevention: Use cushions or pads when resting a joint on a hard surface. Using kneeling pads for jobs or hobbies that require a lot of kneeling. Bending the knees when lifting something, which will reduce stress on the bursae of the hips. Warm up and stretch before play, and always use proper form.

15. Avoid make the same motions all the time. Gradually start a new exercise or sport. Do not sit still for a long time. Take rest between making the same motions over and over again. Use good posture all day. Wheeling rather than carrying heavy loads, which will reduce stress on the bursae of the shoulders.

16. Maintaining a healthy bodyweight to reduce stress on the joints.. Exercising to strengthen muscles (which can help to protect affected joints) Cleaning scratches or cuts on elbows and knees to prevent infection.