SYSTEMS OF ISLAM , islamic economic system

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1. SYSTEMS OF ISLAM BY IRUM KHAN CSS 2021 71 MARKS IN ISLAMIAT

2. Judicial system of islam "Verily, the government of infidels can be sustained, but not the government of unjust rulers . Hazrat U mar bin khatab Features Restorative justice ( victim, offender and community centric, ) Forgiveness Diya Integration Rehabilitation Deterrence oriented to maintain peace in society Hudood Flexible and adaptable Tazirat Source of Islamic law Quran, Sunnah, ijma , qiyas Pillars of judicial system Jurist Qazi

3. Types of laws Criminal (robbery, murder, zina , ) Family ( nikah , divorce, mehr , idaat , child custody ,inheritance, ) Business Integrity, honesty in dealing Written contract in presence of witness Minority rights in judicial system of Islam Family laws personal Criminal laws are equally applicable Women right in judicial system Equal protection of women rights Speedy justice

4. Procedure of judicial hearing In light of instructions given by hazrat umar Equal opportunity of hearing in court Accused cannot be labelled guilty until proven Equality before law The burden of prove lies with accuser Witnesses must give their statement Decide in light of Quran and Sunnah Right of appeal established in era of H azart Umar Reopening of case

5. Social justice economic justice criminal justice all these from made judicial system an ideal system Qualities of witness Adult Integrity of character Integrity of senses Those who cannot give witness People who are party to matter Who have done any hud crime Those who have financial stake Those who have given false witness in the past

6. References Indeed , Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice. Excellent is that which Allah instructs you. Indeed, Allah is ever Hearing and Seeing . Surah Nisah بےشک خدا تم سے حکم کرتا ہے کہ امانتیں ان کے حقداروں کو واپس کر دو اور جب تم لوگ لوگوں کے درمیان فیصلہ کرو تو انصاف سے فیصلہ کرو بےشک خدا تمہیں اچھی طرح ہدایت کرتا ہے بےشک خدا سنتا ہے دیکھتا ہ O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both. So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. ی اہل ایمان! ایمان لاؤ! انصاف کے اندازے رکھو، اللہ کے لئے بیشک چاہے کہ ضرورت پیش آئے تمہارے خلاف ہو یا والدین اور رشتہ داروں کے خلاف، چاہے وہ امیر ہوں یا غریب، بلکہ خدا ان کے لئے بہتر جانتا ہے، پس انسان کی خواہش کے پیچھے نہ پڑنا کہ تم انصاف نہ کرو، اگر تم پلٹی مارو یا اپنی بات چھپا دو، تو خدا تمہارے کاموں سے خوب واقف

7. "Indeed, justice is closer to piety. "Surah Al- Ma'idah (5:8 ) ےشک انصاف کرنا تقوٰى کے قریب ہے یا میرے بندو! میں نے اپنے آپ پر ظلم کو حرام قرار دیا ہے اور تم میں سے بھی اسے حرام قرار دیا ہے، لہٰذا آپس میں ظلم نہ کرو "O My slaves, I have made oppression unlawful for Myself, and I have also made it unlawful among you, so do not commit oppression against one another . Hadith - Sahih Bukhari, Volume 3, Book 34, Hadith 275 Keep to forgiveness (O Muhammad), and enjoin kindness, and turn away from the ignorant, Surah Al- A'raf (7:199 ) اے محبوب! معاف کرنا اختیار کرو اور بھلائی کا حکم دو اور جاہلوں سے منہ پھیرلو ، O you who have believed, indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them. But if you pardon and overlook and forgive - then indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful. Surah tagahbun

8. ای اہل ایمان! بےشک تمہاری بیویاں اور بچے بھی تمہارے دشمن ہیں، سو ہوشیار رہو۔ لیکن اگر تم معاف کردو اور برداشت کرلو اور بخش دو، تو بےشک اللہ بخشنے والا مہربان ہے Here are some Quranic references related to Hudud crimes: Theft ( Sariqah ): Quran - Surah Al- Maidah (5:38): "As for the thief, male or female, cut off his or her hands in recompense for what they committed—a deterrent from Allah. Allah is Almighty, All-Wise." Adultery ( Zina ): Quran - Surah An- Nur (24:2): "The [unmarried] woman or [unmarried] man found guilty of sexual intercourse—lash each one of them with a hundred lashes, and do not be taken by pity for them in the religion of Allah, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day. And let a group of the believers witness their punishment." False Accusations of Adultery ( Qadhf ): Quran - Surah An- Nur (24:4): "And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses—lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient." Drinking Intoxicants ( Khamr ): Quran - Surah Al- Maidah (5:90-91): "O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful. Satan only wants to cause between you animosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling and to avert you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So will you not desist?" It is essential to understand that the application of Hudud punishments requires a fair and just legal process, which includes fulfilling specific conditions and meeting the high standards of evidence and witnesses in Islamic law. These punishments are meant to serve as a deterrent and promote a just and harmonious society, but they are not applied haphazardly or without proper procedures in Islamic legal systems

9. اور جو لوگ پاکدامن عورتوں کے خلاف الزام لگائیں اور پھر چار گواہ نہ لائیں تو ان کو آسیکوڑھوں سے سزا دو اور ان سے ہمیشہ کے لئے گواہی قبول نہ کرو۔ وہ لوگ بدکار ہیں جو خلاف مقدس قانون چلتے ہیں

10. Social system of Islam

11. Balance between rights and duties Social justice Human rights Ethical codes of social life Do not enter in anyone house except you are allowed Do not backbite Right of neighbors Inclusive Social justice

12. Introduction What are issues in current society How to reform Family system strengthen Social values in light of islam inko promote Rights and duties, backbiting ,deceit , Social justice Social inclusion Judicial system reform Media ,madrasah regularize role of clergy State ka role societal standard implement

13. Ijma and qiyas Ijma mean building consensus