Teknik Forensic, alat NDT, dan video penggunaan alat.

Uraian tentang ilmu teknik forensik dan penggunaan alat NDT.
Juga disediakan video cara penggunaan peralatan NDT.

1. TeknikForensik
dan
RUL (Remaining Useful Life)
Juni2025
Sumargo–[email protected] -08122198097

2. PokokBahasan
•Quality Control, Quality Assurance
•AsesmenStruktur
•PengujianMerusak–Destructive Test (DT)
•PengujianTakMerusak–Non Destructive Test (NDT)
•AnalisisStruktur
•Repair, Restoration, Retrofit

3. Perkembangan PenerapanKonsepMutu
•Inspection
•Quality Control (QC)
•Quality Assurance (QA)
•Total Quality Management (TQM)
•SISTEM MANAJEMEN MUTU:
DidalamnyamencakupkeempatKonsepMutudi atas
Inspection
TQM
QA
QC

4. Quality Plan
•Merupakanproses mengidentifikasistandarkualitasyang relevan, yang
sesuaidengankebutuhanOwner danmemenuhistandarperaturanyang
berlakuuntuksetiapbagianpekerjaan, penetapanstandarspesifikasiyang
diberlakukandalamproyekdanperencanaanstrategipencapaianstandar
yang direncanakan.
•Quality Plan bertujuanmengidentifikasidanmenentapkanstandarmutu
yang relevanbagiproyekdanmerumuskanstrategipencapaiannyauntuk
memastikanproyekdanpekerjaanyang dihasilkandapatmemenuhistandar
mutuyang dapatditerima.

5. Quality Assurance (PengawalanMutu)
•Merupakansuatuproses menjalankanapa
yang sudah ditetapkandandirencanakan
dalamQuality Plan, mengawal, mengevaluasi
danmemverifikasipelaksananaterhadap
rencanayang dibuat, sertaidentifikasidan
antisipasimasalahyang mungkintimbul
selamapelaksanaanproyek.
•Orientasikeproses:
✓Proses Pembesian
✓Proses Pembetonan

6. Quality Control (PengontrolanMutu)
•Merupakansuatuproses pemeriksaandan
pengujianterukur, mulaidarimaterial
(spesifikasi), pemasangan(sesuaigambar),
danhasilkerja(sesuaitoleransispesifikasi
teknishasilpekerjaan) danpenilaian
berdasarkanstandarRKS/Spesifikasi
Teknisdanperaturanyang ditetapkan
harus dipatuhiolehproyek.
•Orientasikeproduk
•Material beton
•Material baja

7. KEGAGALAN
INFRASTRUKTURJALAN RAYA
STRUKTUR
GEOTEKNIK
SUMBER
DAYA AIR
AHLI
TEKNIK
FORENSIK

8. MAGISTER TEKNIK SIPIL
→FOKUS: TEKNIK FORENSIK

9. INDIKASI INSPEKSI VISUAL PENGUJIAN ANALISIS
REPAIR
RETORATION
RETROFIT
f
e
d
c
b
a
g
ACI 201.1R-08
Guide for
Conducting
A Visual
Inspection of
Concrete in
Service
Underwater
Inspection
Criteria
Naval Facilities
Engineering
Service Center,
California
PROSES TEKNIK FORENSIK
Rebar Scan
UPV/Pundit
Accelerometer
Canin
Crack Width
Crack Depth
UTG
Hammer Schmidt
Gunakanhasil
ujilapangan
danlab untuk
melakukan
analisis
perkuatan
struktur
UjiTekanBeton
SST
LaporanStruktur
UjiLaikFungsi
GambarRencana
RKS
BoQ& RAB
PIT
Dye Penetrant
MPI
LVDT

10. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
a.Usiabangunanyang sudah mendekatiumurrencana.
b.Ada penambahanbebandikemudianhariyang tidakdirencanakansejak
awal.
c.Ada kriteriabangunanyang tidakdipenuhi.
d.LaikFungsiBangunan.
e.Ada indikasikerusakanakibatpemakaian, kecelakaan, vandalisme, dll.
f.Ada perkembanganatauperubahanperaturanyang mensyaratkanlebih
beratdaripadaperaturansebelumnya.
g.Penyelidikanpenyebabkeruntuhanbangunan→TeknikForensik

11. Facility Condition Assessment (FCA)
Deficiency Priorities
Deficiencies that have a direct impact on the health and safety of the building occupants or violates
enforceable building, mechanical or electrical codes.
Deficiencies that impact the building integrity and if not corrected will cause further damage and in turn
affect the health and safety of the building occupants.
Deficiency correction that must be performed to maintain or restore the building systems integrity,
reliability and performance.
Deficiency corrections performed to improve the building systems integrity, reliability and performance.
Deficiency corrections required to conform to codes that are currently in effect but not required when
the building was built.
Priority 1
Priority 2
Priority 3
Priority 4
Priority 5
Building
Human

12. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
a.Usiabangunanyang sudah mendekatiumurrencana.
Struktur Boiler
Struktur Outfall

13. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
b.Ada penambahanbeban
dikemudianhariyang tidak
direncanakansejakawal.
Ataptidakdirencanakanuntuk
mendapatkanbebanberattetapi
disewakanuntukmenyimpananalat
komunikasiperusahaanseluler
phone.

14. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
c.Ada kriteriabangunanyang tidakdipenuhi.

15. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
d.LaikFungsiBangunan.
JembatanBangkinang, Riau.

16. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
e.Ada indikasikerusakanakibatpemakaian, kecelakaan, vandalisme, dll.

17. LATAR BELAKANG

19. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
f.Ada perkembanganatauperubahanperaturanyang mensyaratkanlebih
beratdaripadaperaturansebelumnya.

20. LatarBelakangAsesmenStruktur
g.Penyelidikanpenyebabkeruntuhanbangunan→TeknikForensik

21. Outline MetodeInspeksiVisual danNDT

22. Guide for Conducting a Visual Inspection of Concrete in Service ACI 201.1R-08
CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION (1)
1.1—Scope
This is a guide for a visual inspection of concrete in service. A visual inspection
is an examination of concrete to identify and define many of the various
conditions concrete may exhibit during its service life. The visual inspection is
typically limited to the surfaces of the concrete structure that are visually
accessible.
The visual inspection provides important historical information on
performance and durability. The inspection results also aid in early
detection of distress and deterioration, enabling repair or rehabilitation before
replacement is necessary.

23. CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION (2)
The visual inspection provides important historical information on
performance and durability. The inspection results also aid in early
detection of distress and deterioration, enabling repair or rehabilitation before
replacement is necessary.
The checklist includes items that might have a bearing on the durability and
performance of the concrete. Individuals making the survey should not limit
their investigation to the items listed, but should review any other contributing
factors. Following the guide does not eliminate the need for intelligent
observations and the use of sound judgment.

24. Lesson Learned

25. TabelInterpretasiACI 201.1R-08No.
Jenis Elemen
Struktur
Lokasi
Foto
Kondisi
Kondisi Lingkungan dan
Pembebanan
Prediksi Penyebab Kerusakan Prakiraan Solusi
1.a. Pondasi Mengacu Lampiran
b. Pedestal ke gambar rencana a.1. Settlement
c. Kolom a.2. Deflection
d. Pelat a.3. Expansion
a.4. Contraction
2.a. Pondasi Mengacu Lampiran
b. Pedestal ke gambar rencana b.1. Retak: tipe, pola, lebar.
c. Kolom
b.2 Spalling, popouts, scalling,
delamination, disintegration: Tipe,
luasan, pola, kedalaman.
d. Pelat b.3. Pelapukan: Luasan
3.a. Pondasi Mengacu Lampiran
b. Pedestal ke gambar rencana c.1. Kuantitas
c. Kolom c.2. Tingkat korosi
d. Pelat
Formulir Inspeksi Visual
Kondisi
b. Kondisi Permukaan Beton
a. Kenampakan alinyemen struktur:
c. Tulangan Terekspose/ terkorosi

29. Repair, Restoration/Rehabilitation and Retrofitting
•Repair: To bring the position of the structure to its previous condition so it gives
performance same as previously. It does not cover the strength aspect of the
structures.
✓Perbaikanbatubronjongdenganmaterial yang samasepertisemula.
✓Penambalanbetongompadenganbetonbermutusama.
✓Penggantiantulangankorosidengantulangandengandiameter danmutuyang sama.
•Rehabilitation: Returning a building or a structure to a useful state by means of
repair, modification, or alteration. It is related to the strength aspect of structures.
To bring back the position and condition of the structure by considering the
strength aspect.
✓To fill the wide cracks using some suitable material
✓Injecting epoxy like material in to cracks in wall, columns, beams, etc.
✓Removal of damages portion of masonry and reconstructing it using rich mortar mix.
✓Addition of reinforcing mesh on both sides of the wall.

30. Repair, Restoration and Retrofitting
•Retrofitting:
Earthquake creates great devastation in terms of life, money and failure of
structures.
Earthquake Mitigation is an important field of study from a long time now.
Seismic Retrofitting is a collection mitigation techniques for Earthquake Engineering.
It is of utmost importance for historic monuments, area prone to severe earthquakes
and tall or expensive structures.
It is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic
activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes.
The retrofit techniques are also applicable for other natural hazards such as tropical
cyclone, tornados, and severe winds from thunderstorms.

31. PERALATAN PENGUJIAN

32. Hammer Schmidt Test
•StandarAcuan: SNI 03-4430-1997 MetodePengujianElemenStruktur beton
denganpalubetontipeN danNR danASTM C 805-2.
•Contohhasil: Ujitekanvs Hammer Schmidt
Hammer https://youtu.be/vGLlYb_wx5Q

33. PUNDIT (Portable Unit Non Destructive Indicator Tester)
UPV (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity)
•StandarAcuan: ASTM C. 597-83 dan BS 1881 : Part 203:1986
•TujuanPengujian: mengukurkualitasbeton.
https://youtu.be/3DCOqYXJOLA

35. LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer)
atauPotensiometer
https://youtu.be/Nrg8BVPhKo0
Sensor LVDT, yaitusensor perpindahanyang akanmengubahposisiatau
perpindahanlinear darireferensimekanikmenjadisinyallistrikyang sebanding
denganfasedanamplitude.
KeunggulanMenggunakanSensor LVDT
•Tidakmenimbulkangesekan
•Berkemampuandinamisdanmemilikiresponyang cepat
•Hasilsensor dapatlebihaman. Data dapattersimpan.

36. Strain Gauge
https://youtu.be/Nrg8BVPhKo0

37. PIT (Pile Integrity Test)
https://youtu.be/meAClNyT4XI

38. CANIN (Corrosion Analyzing Instrument)
•StandarAcuan: ASTM C 876-91
•TujuanPengujian: Metodapengujianiniuntukmenentukan
indikasibahwatulanganpadabetontelahterkorosidengan
metodaPotensialSetengahCell (Half Cell Potential)
•TambahanMaterial: CupriSulphatCu/CuSO
4
https://youtu.be/3xjOZ158Iec

39. Rebar Scan (Profometer)
•StandarAcuan: ASTM E3013 / E3013M –17.
•TujuanPengujian: mengukurtebalselimutbeton, konfigurasidandiameter
tulangan.
https://youtu.be/MRveeNnLk4c

40. Crack Depth Detector
•TujuanPengujian: menentukankedalaman
retak.
Dengandiketahuinyakedalamanmakaakan
dapatditentukanvolume pekerjaan.
Qualitaspekerjaandapatdiukursebelum
dansetelahperbaikan(repair) dilakukan.

41. Crack Width Detector
•TujuanPengujian: menentukanlebarretak.
•MetodaPengujian: Letakanprobe diantararetakdanakandibacadandisimpandalam
tablet.
https://youtu.be/0Yzc95_2I-4

42. UTG (Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge)
•StandarAcuan: ASTM 15A
•TujuanPengujian: mengukurketebalan.
•MetodaPengujian: lakukankaliberasidenganmenggunakankepinganbaja
yang adapadaalat. Berikangrease padatitikujidanprobe.
https://youtu.be/SST34mcyKq8

43. STEEL HARDNESS TEST
•StandarAcuan: menentukankuattarikbaja
strukturyang sudah terpasangtanpamerusaknya
denganBrinelltest danLeebtest.
•TujuanPengujian: menentukankuattarikbaja.
•MetodaPengujian: mengujikekerasanbajadan
mengkonversikanmenjadikuattarikbaja.
https://youtu.be/Q-ekIz6PJZs

44. UjiKadar Karbon(Karbonasi)
•TujuanPengujian: menentukankadarkarbondalambeton.
•Material utama: LarutanPhenolphthalein (C20H14O)

45. UjiKadar Klorida
•StandarAcuan: ASTM C1202-97, Test Method for Electrical Indication of
Concrete Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration.
•TujuanPengujian: PengambilanSampelUjiKlorida/Sulfat.

46. Core Drill
•StandarAcuan: ACI 214.4R-03 Guide for Obtaining Cores and Interpreting Compressive
Strength Results. SNI 03-2492-2002 MetodePengambilandanPengujianBetonInti.
•Tujuan: mengambilsampelbetonsilinderuntukdiujitekandi laboratorium.
•Ragamalat: (a) dengankaki
(b) tanpakaki

47. Accelerometer
•Tujuan: pengujiandimanikuntukmendapatkanfrekuensialamistruktur.

48. Fuller
•Tujuan: mengukurketebalanretakbeton.
•Ragamalat: Alatiniterdiridari13 buahlempengbajatahankarat dengan
notasiketebalanpadasetiaplempengdanbertuliskanangkaketebalan
lempengmulaidari0.05 mm s.d.1.0 mm.

49. UjiTekanBeton
•StandarAcuan: ASTM C39 / C39M –20 Standard Test Method for
Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
•Tujuan: mengujikekuatantekanbetonhasilcore drill.

50. REMAINING USEFUL LIFE (RUL)
Tme
t
init
t
prop
Threshold Limit of Deterioration
Condition Rating of Structure
Initiation time
Present condition and age
Extrapolated graph
Remaining service life
Age of StructureInitiation corrosion by
Penetration of chloride ion
Or carbon

51. Condition
Rating (CR)
Failure Extent Description (in terms of cl and dccd)Action Required
0 Safe cl<0.2anddccd>0andage>10 Excellentcondition
1 Good cl<0.2anddccd>0andage≤10 Nomaintenancerequired
2 Lowriskbutsatisfactorilycl<0.2anddccd≤0orcl=0.2anddccd
≥0
Corrosioninitiated,required
regularinspection
3 Fair 0.25>cl>0.2anddccd>0 Requiredfrequentinspection
4 Moderaterisk 0.25>cl>0.2anddccd≤0 Noimmediatemaintenance,it
maybedelayed
5 Poor 0.3>cl≥0.25anddccd>0 Maintenanceisrequiredto
increasetheservicelife
6 HighRisk 0.3>cl≥0.25anddccd≤0 Maintenanceismustfor
continuoususe,likelytorepair
7 Serious 0.4>cl≥0.3anddccd>0 Structuremustbeclosedfor
maintenance
8 Critical 0.4>cl≥0.3anddccd≤0 Poorconditionnotlikelytobe
repaired
9 Failure Cl≥0.4 Replacmentofstructures

52. REMAINING USEFUL LIFE (RUL)

53. REMAINING USEFUL LIFE (RUL)
Umursisa=
10.26 tahun
MutuBeton Kecepatan
Difusi
MPaKg/cm
2
10
3
m /
tahun
12.3125 17.2
17.2175 8.8
22.1225 6.1
24.5250 4.9
27.0275 4.2
31.9325 3.1
36.8375 2.4
41.7425 1.9
46.6475 1.6
51.5525 1.3
56.4575 1.1

54. ContohHasilPerkuatanElemen
Struktur

55. PerkuatanAksialPondasi PerkuatanPortal MenahanGaya Lateral

56. PerkuatanKolomDenganCarbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP)

57. PerkuatanKolomDenganCFRP PerkuatanKolomDenganConcrete Jacketing

58. PerkuatanKolomDenganConcrete Jacketing
PerkuatanBalokDenganConcrete Jacketing
PerkuatanTiangDermagadenganWet CFRP

59. PerkuatanKolomDenganSteel Plate Bonding PerkuatanKolomDenganSteel Plate Bonding
danConcrete Jacketing

60. PerkuatanKolomdanBalokDenganSteel Plate Bonding PerkuatanBalokDenganCFRP

61. PerkuatanLantaiTerhadapPunching Shear (Geser2 arah)
InjeksiRetak
PerkuatanCFRP Wrapping
PerkuatanLantaiBasement WikaTower –November 2022

62. PerkuatanBalokDenganCFRP PerkuatanBalokDenganSteel Plate Bonding

63. PerkuatanPelatDenganConcrete Jacketing PerkuatanPelatdanBalokDenganCFRP

64. Channel PT. TrainaUnggulSainsTerpadu(TRUST)
1.PDA Test: https://studio.youtube.com/video/iSmN5f3vsKY/edit
2.Bearing JembatanSei Dareh: https://studio.youtube.com/video/s3o-zO4-_dI/edit
3.Uji DinamikJembatanSei Dareh: https://studio.youtube.com/video/sHDWQGZVC30/edit
4.Uji Karbonasi: https://studio.youtube.com/video/2o9cn7R7kb0/edit
5.Core Drill: https://studio.youtube.com/video/7H2bXie2Feg/edit
6.Rebar Scan: https://studio.youtube.com/video/RpkIlOQaj8c/edit
7.Universal Thickness Gauge UTG https://studio.youtube.com/video/SST34mcyKq8/edit
8.Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity UPV: https://studio.youtube.com/video/3DCOqYXJOLA/edit
9.Strain Gauge: https://studio.youtube.com/video/hDjWxtx8Gb8/edit
10.Steel Hardness: https://studio.youtube.com/video/Q-ekIz6PJZs/edit
11.Rebar Scan: https://studio.youtube.com/video/MRveeNnLk4c/edit
12.Pile Integrity Test PIT: https://studio.youtube.com/video/meAClNyT4XI/edit
13.Linear Variable Differential Transformer LVDT: https://studio.youtube.com/video/Nrg8BVPhKo0/edit
14.Hammer Schmidt: https://studio.youtube.com/video/vGLlYb_wx5Q/edit

65. Channel PT. TrainaUnggulSainsTerpadu(TRUST)
15.Crack Width: https://studio.youtube.com/video/0Yzc95_2I-4/edit
16.Corrosion Analyzing InsrumentCANIN: https://studio.youtube.com/video/3xjOZ158Iec/edit
17.AsesmenDermagaReoNTT: https://studio.youtube.com/video/oBCEvtEFRNE/edit
18.AsesmenDermagaBiuNTT: https://studio.youtube.com/video/rn5FsI9MId8/edit
19.AsesmenDermagaSebaNTT: https://studio.youtube.com/video/9a3JDQUscAM/edit
https://studio.youtube.com/video/7N-77-2vK7g/edit
20.AsesmenDermagaMarampitSangihe: https://studio.youtube.com/video/Y6m24aCSNPY/edit
21.AsesmenJembatanTawaeliI, Sulteng: https://studio.youtube.com/video/6NivviYTwg0/edit
22.AsesmenJembatanLeboII, Sulteng: https://studio.youtube.com/video/mBR3aQxJM3U/edit
23.AsesmenJembatanLeboI, Sulteng: https://studio.youtube.com/video/JjuLuhgruCE/edit
24.AsesmenJembatanLabuan, Sultenghttps://studio.youtube.com/video/cwo44syAbxo/edit

66. Terimakasih.