TERMINOLOGIES-USED-IN-ICU.pptMMMMMMMMMMMMM

PP

1. TERMINOLOGIES USED IN
ICU/CCU

2. General terms
ICU: the special ward in hospital where
patient with critically ill conditions are kept for
intensive treatment under skilled nursing
care management.
CCU: Special ward in hospital where patients
with cardiac diseases are kept for special
treatment, medical management and skilled
nursing care.

3. INSTRUMENTS
Ventilator: equipment that is manually or
mechanically operated to maintain a flow of
air into and out of lungs of patient who is
unable to breathe normally.
Defibrillator: the equipment used for issuing
a measured electrical current to a patient
heart in defibrillation.

4. Contd..
ECG monitor: a machine that displays the
current electrical activities in patient’s heart
to observe and monitor patient’s
electrocardiograph on the monitor.
Electrocardiograph: the graphic
representation of electric activities of heart
muscles that forms a series of waves and
complex known as P wave, QRS complex
and T wave.

5. Procedures
Echocardiography: non invasive ultrasound
test that is used to examine the size, shape
and motion of cardiac structures.
Pulse oximetry: non invasive method of
monitoring the oxygen saturation.

6. Contd..
ABG analysis: measurement of blood pH,
arterial oxygen and carbondioxide tension.
Arterial line: method of direct continuous
monitoring of system in arterial pressure by
inserting a catheter into a peripheral artery
either in arm of leg.

7. Contd..
CVP monitoring: measurement of pressue
of blood within the right atrium which is used
to assess the right ventricular function and
venous blood return to right side of heart.
Tread mill test: stress or exercise test is an
evaluation of stress effect on heart and blood
circulation

8. Contd..
Holter monitoring: an ambulatory ECG
monitoring technique with a device used to
detect cardiac arrhythmias, abnormal
changes in cardiac rate and silent myocardial
ischemia.
Swan Ganz catheter: the balloon tip
catheter that is inserted in to a peripheral
vein, usually the anterior cubital vein and
allowed to pass into the heart.

9. contd..
Pacemaker implantation: implantation of an
electrical device that delivers an artificial
stimulus to the heart causing electrical
depolarization and cardiac contraction.
Pericardial tapping: aspiration of fluid from
pericardial sac to perform diagnostic study,
to relieve cardiac tamponade and to facilitate
respiratory function.

10. Contd..
CPR: an emergency procedure that is used
to restore cardiac and respiratory function
after a cardiac arrest.
DC shock: the direct delivery of a sufficiently
large electrical current to the heart by means
of metal paddles placed in chest or directly
on heart when a chest is open during cardiac
surgery.

11. DISEASES
Arrhythmias: literally means “out of rhythm”
and is used to describe a condition where
heart beat has become irregular.
Angina pectoris: the term used to describe
discomfort due to transient myocardial
ischemia and may occur whenever there is
imbalance between myocardial oxygen
supply and demand.

12. Contd..
Shock: condition developed when oxygen delivery is
inadequate to meet the metabolic requirements of
tissues due to some form of circulatory failure.
Cardiogenic shock: shock in acute MI which is
typified by a marked fall of arterial blood pressure
usually below 85 mm hg, cold ,clammy, sweaty skin,
cyanosis, weak steady pulse, mental confusion and
sometimes coma.
Heart failure: inability of heart to maintain normal
circulation for need of body despite satisfactory
venous pressure.

13. Contd..
Myocardial infarction: necrosis of
myocardium due to insufficient supply of
blood and oxygen to myocardium leading to
severe chest pain.
Brain death: defined as irreversible
cessation of brain function including cerebral
cortex and brain stem.

14. Contd..
Acute drug poisoning: poisoning due to a
tragic accident of manipulative, suicidal or
criminal intentions.
ICU syndrome: mental disorder associated
with prolong stay in ICU characterized by
anxiety, depression, delirium, agitation and
confusion.

15. ROLES AND
RESPOSIBILITIES OF
ICU NURSE

16. Assessing a patient’s condition and planning
and implementing patient care plans
Treating wounds and providing advanced life
support
Assisting physicians in performing procedures
Observing and recording patient vital signs
Ensuring that ventilators, monitors and other
types of medical equipment function properly

17. Administering intravenous fluids and
medications
Ordering diagnostic tests
Collaborating with fellow members of the
critical care team
Responding to life-saving situations, using
nursing standards and protocols for treatment

18. Thank you