terpenoides. pptx

terpenoides.pptx

1. Topic - Terpenoids Presented by Hariom Jaiswal Asst. Pro. D.PH 1 st Year Pharmacognosy Rajiv Gandhi College of Pharmacy Nautanwa Maharajganj UP 273164

2. Content Introduction of Terpenoids Properties of Terpenoids Classification of Terpenoids Occurrence and Distribution of Terpenoids Isolation of Terpenoids Identification of Terpenoids Therapeutics activity and Pharmaceutical Application of Terpenoids

3. Introduction in Terpenoids Terpenoids are naturally occurring hydrocarbons of plant origin of the general formula (C5H8)n. The C5H8 unit is called as isoprene unit(2-methyl1,3butadiene). There are two types terpenoids - Simple and Complex terpenoids . Simple terpenoids occur in steam volatile oil (essential oil) and obtained from tissues of certain plants and trees. Complex terpenoids are not steam volatile and obtained from gum and resins of plants.

4. THE MODERN DEFINITION “Terpenoids are the hydrocarbons of plant origin of the general formula (C5H8) as well as their oxygenated, hydrogenated and dehydrogenated derivatives."

5. Properties of Terpenoids Terpenoids are colorless liquid. Soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water. Most of the terpenoids are optically active. Volatile in nature. Boiling point 150-180°C.

6. Occurrence and Distribution of Terpenoids Occurrence- Terpenoids are found in all volatile oil (essential oil) of plant and animal. Some examples of volatile oils of plant Volatile Oil Terpenoids Ginger oil Zingberone Fennel oil Anethol Sandalwood oil Santhal Clove oil Eugenol

7. Distribution- It is generally found the plant and animal. It obtained leaf and barks Plant are 60% containing terpenoids. It found in all tissues

8. Classification of Terpenoids The terpenoids have general formula (C5H8) n . Based on the value of 'n' the terpenoids are classified into following: SN Number of Carbon atoms Value of n Class 1 10 2 Monoterpenoids (C10 H16 ) 2 15 3 Sesquiterpenoids (C15H24) 3 20 4 Diterpenoids (C20H32) 4 25 5 Sesterpenoids (C25H40) 5 30 6 Triterpenoids (C30H48) 6 40 8 Tetraterpenoids (C40H64) 7 >40 >8 Polyterpenoids (C5H8)

9. ISOLATION OF TERPENOIDS Isolation method are used Menthol (Peppermint) crude drug it obtained form plant leaf Isolation of menthol are two method Steam distillation Hydro-distillation

10. 1. Steam distillation Taken menthol plant and dried through sunlight then steam under pressure is generated the mixture vapour (water and volatile oil) where vapour is cooled & back to liquid form menthol oil is floated on the top of H2O due to lighter than water Menthol oil is cooled and it convert to crystal form with the help of boiler and steam is pass through drug pass through condenser filter with help of separating funnel

11. Re crystallize the menthol with help of acetone Then terpenoid was found and collected in container

12. 2. Hydro- distillation Taken menthol plant and dried through sunlight the menthol oil is extracted by hydro distillation method the hydro distillation under pressure is generated Vapour mixture passed (water & volatile oil) the oil was separated with help of separating funnel form water and allow to cooling the crystal are collected by using Clevenger apparatus with help of boiler by condenser

13. Re crystallize the menthol with help of acetone Then terpenoid was found and collected in container

14. Identification of Terpenoids Noller’s test- The sample to be analyzed is mixed with thionyl chloride and sample was heated. It gives pink color in the presence of tri terpenoids 2. Salkowski test- sample was dissolved in chloroform, add 3ml conc. H2SO4 carefully. It give redish brown color in the presence of terpenoids.

15. Therapeutics activity and Pharmaceutical Application of Terpenoids It used as analgesic. It used as antiseptic. It used as carminative. It used as antiviral. It used as antimalarial. It used as flavouring agent It used as coloring agent

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