Textile and its types by nift kolkata students of FP-2025.pdf

This contains all outlines of textile and its types of fabric

1. TEXTILES KISHOREBALA, AANYA SINGH, ANUSHKA KUMARI, KHUSHI PODDAR, MAULIK, NANDINI
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2. TEXTILE Textile is an umbrella term that includes various
fiber-based materials, including fibers, yarns,
filaments, threads, and different types of fabric.
At first, the word "textiles" only referred to
woven fabrics However, weaving is not the only manufacturing
method, and many other methods were later
developed to form textile structures based on
their intended use. Knitting and non-woven are
other popular types of fabric manufacturing .
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3. TYPES OF TEXTILES Woven
Non
Woven
KnitsFelts
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4. WOVENWoven fabric
is any textile
formed by weaving.
Woven fabrics, often created
on a loom, are made of
many threads woven in a warp and
weft.
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5. HISTORY INTRODUCED:
Before 23000 years ago
EVIDENCE:
Hand woven plant fibre basket
(ISRAEL)
DEVELOPED IN:
Neolithic Era
CIVILIZATIONS:
Ancient Egypt,
Indus Valley,
Ancient China,
etc...
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6. TYPES OF WOVEN FABRICS PlainTwill Satin Herringbone Pile
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7. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
OF WOVEN FABRIC
▪︎ Job creation
▪︎ Export earnings
▪︎GDP contribution
▪︎ Industrial packaging
▪︎Value addition to agriculture
▪︎Innovation in tech sectors
▪︎ Cost-effective manufacturing
▪︎ Support for traditional economies
▪︎ Sustainable materials
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8. PROPERTIES •Stability and low stretch
•Durability
•Breathability
•Versatility
•Flat and smooth surface
•Edge fraying
•Easy maintenance
•Shape retention
•Strength
•Air and moisture transmission
•Dimensional stability
•Appearance
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9. Non-woven fabrics are made by
bonding fibers directly into a sheet,
without weaving or knitting.
Lightweight, flexible, and versatile,
they are used in fashion, crafts, and
industrial applications.
NON WOVEN
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10. It can be soft or stiff, thin or
thick, translucent or opaque.
Lightweight and Durable, with
varying strengh and porosity.
Versatile in appearence and
texture, can look like paper, felt,
or woven fabrics.
PROPERTIES
OF NON WOVEN TEXTILE
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11. PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES Made by bonding fibres through creative and technical methods, without weaving or knitting.
SPUNLACED PROCESS
In this process, high pressure water jets
are used to etangle fibres together to
form a fabric.
It doesn’t need any glue, heat or
chemicals just water pressure.
Commonly used for wiped, medical
fabrics, and clothing.
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12. SPUNBONDED PROCESS
The molten polymer is spun into
continous filaments.
Filaments are cooled, stretched, and laid
into a web.
Bonding done by heat, or pressure to
form fabric.
Used in geotextiles, furnishing, and
apparels.
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13. MELT BLOWN PROCESSIn this process, the polymer is
extruded through fine nozzels.
High speed hot air blows the melt into
microfibres.
Fibres are colllected on a moving belt
to form a web.
The web is self bonded by heat and
pressure.
Fabrics use is similar to spunbonded
and spunlaced.
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APPLICATIONS
MEDICALS- Masks, PPE Gowns, Bandages
HOME & FASHION- Felt, Interfacings
INDUSTRIAL- Filters, Insulation
ENVIRONMENT- Geotextiles, Agriculture covers
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15. 15Non woven fabrics
used for medical
applications (INDIA
Association of the
Nonwoven Fabrics
Industry.
APPLICATIONS
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USES OF NON WOVEN
DURABLE NONWOVENS DISPOSABLE NONWOVENS
This Tent is made
using a coated nonwoven substrate in
which the islands-in-the-sea fibers have
been fibrillated.
Mainly for one time use.
Diapers, Surgical masks and bandages.
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17. WOOLEN FELT THE ANCIENT TEXTILE ART‌ Exploring the world's oldest fabric
made from wool 17
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18. non-woven fabrics made from wool fibers
created by matting, condensing, & pressing
fibers together
no weaving or knitting -natural fiber inter-lock
oft dense and warm texture. WHAT IS WOOLEN FELT?
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19. Oldest known textile, older than weaving or knitting.
Originated around 6000–7000 B.C.
Used by Central Asian nomads (Mongols, Turks).
Discovered through natural matting — when wool rubbed under saddles.
Symbol of warmth, protection, and creativity in ancient life.
ANCIENT ORIGINS
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20. USES IN
ANCIENT TIMES Clothing – coats, boots, and hats for insulation.
Yurts/Tents – waterproof and warm covering.
Rugs and bags – everyday practical use.
Armor padding – soft yet protective layer for warriors. 20
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21. LEGACY AND MODERN
RELEVANCE Traditional felt-making still practiced in many cultures.
Modern use: crafts, fashion, interior design, and art.
Ancient technique meets sustainable and handmade
fashion trends today.
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22. KNITS
Knitted fabric is a textile that results from
knitting, the process of inter-looping of yarns
or inter-meshing of loops.
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23. HISTORY OF KNITSKnits originated in ancient Egypt, evolving
through handcraft to industrial production
for clothing and textiles.
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24. Knits are elastic,
comfortable, breathable,
soft, wrinkle-resistant,
durable, and adaptable
to various fabric
structures. CHARACTERISTICS
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25. PROCESSYarn package collect from the spinning mill
↓
Yarn package place in the creel
↓
Feed the yarn in the knitting machine
↓
The knitting machine set up according to the fabric design
↓
Start knitting machine
↓
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26. Withdraw the fabric role after
knitting operation
↓
Role marking
↓
Fabric inspection
↓
Numbering role
↓
Dispatching 26
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27. TYPES OF KNITSTypes of knits include weft knits
(jersey, rib, purl, interlock) and
warp knits (tricot, raschel,
Milanese), each differing in
structure, elasticity, and
appearance.
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28. Types of knits include weft knits—jersey, rib, purl, interlock—and
warp knits—tricot, raschel, Milanese, simplex—each with unique
stretch, texture, and durability. 28
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29. APPLICATION IN FASHION Casualwear Activewear Innerwear benefit from the comfort and
stretch of jersey knits.
The moisture-wicking and stretch
properties of knit fabrics make them perfect
Soft and stretchy knits
are suitable
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30. KNITS ON THE RUNWAY Andersson Bell Spring/Summer
2024 collection. Missoni Spring/Summer 2025
Womenswear collection during Milan
Fashion Week. 30
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31. PRESENT SITUATION Knits dominate modern fashion, offering comfort, stretch, and
sustainability through advanced materials and innovative technology.
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FELTS
Felts are non-woven fabrics made by
mats, pressing, and condensing fibers
together, usually wool or synthetic
materials
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HISTORY
INTRODUCED:
REGION:
SPREADED BY:
Before 5000 years
Mongolia , Turkish, Russia, Europe , etc..
Trade and migration
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TYPES OF FELTS
Wool felt Synthetic felt Wool blended felt
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USES OF FELTS•Sound and heat insulation panels
•Jackets, coats, and hats
•Boot liners and footwear
•Kids toys and stuffed animals
•Packaging material and wraps
•Filters for air and dust
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FELTS IN TODAY'S WORLD ??????
Felt is a classic favorite for hats like fedoras and
wide-brimmed styles, which suit various fashion
aesthetics from minimalistic to boho-chic.
It is also used in handbags, shoes, and scarves,
providing a tactile, warm, and stylish texture that
stands out.
Felt coats and jackets, including oversized wraps
and trench styles, leverage felt’s warmth and
visual appeal as statement pieces
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CONCLUSION
Understanding the properties and uses of
different fabrics enables more sustainable
choices and creative expression, making textiles
an essential part of both tradition and modern
development.Textile fabrics play a vital role in everyday life,
combining functionality, comfort, and aesthetic
appeal.
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38. REFERENCE 38
Websites:
https://share.google/LLhxk564F2mTYQfXM
https://share.google/gsfKN0OKlxRZHFYlZ
https://share.google/pk5wMz6gZJE6LX4ib
https://share.google/vjnRnvKPoiX0GJf6e
https://share.google/hBZCNyKUkiSjxNrXG
https://share.google/Vqn3hlknxgUtFOdXB
https://share.google/Ze44EV6SZLX4GGH6z
https://share.google/jHTUNYYMpjSYSAxVh
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/
B9781845696917500042
https://3dfeltspvtltd.in/about-wool-felt.html
https://barodawoollenfelt.com/
Books:
Textiles- Fibre to Fabric
Handloom tradition of India- Bernard P.Corbman
Advanced Textile Techniques: Weaving, Dyeing, and Finishing, Pasquale De Marco.
https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=7DFNEQAAQBAJ
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Essentials of textile - Marjory L.Joseph

39. 39THANK YOU!!!
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