The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx

Pie

1. The basics of sentences Think about the job that a word is doing in the sentence. Phrases and clauses

2. Phrases A phrase is a group of words that acts as one unit. They are built around one main word. Phrases are NOT sentences. Noun phrases are built around a noun. N oun = Dog Noun Phrase = That dog That hungry dog That hungry dog on the pavement   All of these are about one thing – the noun (dog).

3. Prepositional Phrases Common prepositions include: above against behind below beside between in inside into near off on onto into outside over through under up + towards before after during Prepositional phrases have a preposition followed by a noun or a noun phrase: underneath the table on top of the table beside the table

4. Types of phrase Which is the noun phrase, adverbial phrase, prepositional phrase, the verb phrase, the adjectival phrase. That sour-faced, wizened old man sneezed. The cave was underneath the mountain. He was moving very slowly. The cat was very beautiful. I am running quickly.

5. Clauses A clause is a group of words built around a verb. They contain a subject and a verb. Clauses can be complete sentences. In a clause, something happens. You can have multi-clause sentences. Look for the verbs! The dog ate the bone. The dog ate the bone before jumping onto the sofa. The dog ate the bone, jumped onto the sofa and snoozed for hours.

6. Clauses A clause is a group of words built around a verb. Clauses can be complete sentences. Be careful: The old dog from next door sat on the table in the kitchen by the sink.

7. Auxiliary Verbs Auxiliary verbs are the little helpers that go with verbs: He is running. I was running. I do jump high. She has eaten. Does he jump? Auxiliary verbs are not the main verb – they are little helpers.

8. Modal Verbs Modal verbs are type of a uxiliary verb. They express possibility: We can go swimming. We must go swimming. We might go swimming. We may go swimming. Common modal verbs: can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to

9. Revisiting Determiners Common determiners: This that those these some many any no either neither each every many much few little both all ten twenty which what whose The most common determiners are: The a or an An is used before a vowel sound, e.g. a cat an apple