The chest wall

UG SERIES SURGERY SHORT NOTE CHEST

1. THE CHEST WALL

2. Tumors Other diseases Cervical ribs Thoracic outlet syndrome Pectus carinatum Pectus excavatum

3. Tumours of the chest wall can be any component of the chest wall bone, cartilage and soft tissue. treated similarly to those that occur in other sites major resection and chest wall reconstruction are contemplated.

4. Cervical rib fibrous band from the seventh cervical vertebra inserting onto the first thoracic rib the subclavian artery and brachial plexus course over it, a variety of symptoms may occur due to compression

5. thoracic outlet syndrome The lower trunk of the plexus (mainly T1) is compressed wasting of the interossei and altered sensation in the T1 distribution. Compression of the subclavian artery a post- stenotic dilatation with thrombus and embolus formation.

6. Pectus carinatum (pigeon chest) Most found during the growth spurt at adolescence sternum is elevated above the level of the ribs treatment offered for cosmetic reasons. Surgery is best left until the late teens Surgery involves mobilising the sternum

7. Pectus excavatum The sternum is depressed, dish-shaped deformity of the anterior portions of the ribs on one or both sides. never a cause of respiratory problems. repaired to improve cosmetic appearance open procedure (the Ravitch procedure) a minimally invasive technique, the Nuss procedure.