The dentition,eruption sequence,functions ,line point angles,oral cavity terminology

Exam 2

1. The Dentition Eruption Sequence Functions Line/Point Angles Oral Cavity Terminology Chapter 1, 2

2. Review

3. The Dentition Teeth arranged to form two arches, named by the bone which composes it Maxilla forms the maxillary or upper arch Mandible forms mandibular or lower arch Two arches make up one dentition or set of teeth Two dentitions over a lifespan P rimary (deciduous) and permanent

4. Primary or Deciduous Dentition Begin to emerge into mouth about 6-8 months age Teeth erupt following a developmental schedule 20 teeth 10 maxillary and 10 mandibular Fully erupt by age 2½-3 years Eventually replaced by permanent teeth

5. Permanent Dentition 32 permanent teeth 16 maxillary and 16 mandibular Mandibular first molar is the first permanent tooth Between ages 5 & 6 Erupts next to last primary molar

6. Permanent Dentition

7. Permanent Dentition Between ages 5-12, mixed dentition is present Both deciduous and permanent teeth in the mouth together Permanent teeth that replace the deciduous are referred to as succedaneous

8. Permanent Teeth Incisors are the four sharp-edged front teeth Two central, two lateral Incises/cuts food Canines, aka cuspids, corner teeth with one pointed cusp Holds/tears food

9. Permanent Teeth Premolars aka bicuspids , posterior teeth with two cusps Named by sequence from front to back in arch Crushes/tears food Molars are broad back teeth, several cusps Named by sequence from front to back in arch Chews/crushes/grinds food: mastication

10. The Arrangement of the Teeth Anterior teeth Front of the mouth, include incisors and canines Posterior teeth Back of the mouth, include premolars and molars

11. The Eruption Sequence Teeth begin to form in utero, eruptions begin to occur at approximately 6-8 months of age Mandibular teeth generally precede maxillary teeth Active eruption period continues until crown is almost completely exposed and tooth is in proper alignment In later life, the “gums” or gingival line, may recede, exposing more of the tooth, this is called passive eruption.

12. Eruption Sequence Eruption dates vary from person to person by a few months By the age of 2.5-3 years old, all deciduous teeth have erupted At about 6, the permanent teeth start to erupt Which tooth? First molars are the first permanent tooth to erupt Posterior to the deciduous second molar Nonsuccedaneous

13. The Eruption Sequence Tooth height can decrease throughout life due to wearing away of biting and chewing surfaces Wearing away is called attrition Teeth grinding ( bruxism ) also causes attrition Abrasion is caused by mechanical wear from biting or vigorous brushing

14. Line Angle The area of the tooth where two surfaces meet, such as the line that joins the buccal and mesial surfaces would be called the mesio -buccal line angle

15. Point Angle The area of the tooth where three surfaces meet The joining point of the occlusal, lingual, and mesial surfaces

16. Oral Cavity Terminology

17. Divisions of the tooth The crown Portion of the tooth normally visible in the mouth C overed with enamel Teeth have different shaped crowns, each adapted to perform a specific function in reducing food for digestion The cervix (neck) The crown joins the root at the Cementoenamel junction (CEJ) Junction between the anatomic crown and the anatomic root The root Located in the bone and not normally visible Covered with cementum Stabilize/support teeth when the pressure from mastication is exerted

18. Anatomic vs Clinical The anatomic crown is covered with enamel The anatomic root is covered with cementum After eruption is complete, only the anatomic crown is seen in the mouth Later in life, as part of the aging process, the gingiva and bone may recede, exposing a portion of the root. All of the tooth that is visible in the mouth, the crown AND the exposed root together are referred to as the clinical crown The clinical crown extends from the biting surface of the tooth to the gingival margin

19. Surfaces of the tooth Mesial: surface closest to the midline Distal: surface farthest, or most distant, from the midline Facial: the surfaces closest to the face or outer sufaces of the teeth Labial: facial surface of anterior teeth or surfaces closest to the lip Buccal: facial surface of posterior teeth or surfaces closest to the cheek Lingual: surfaces closest to the tongue or palate; all inner surfaces Occlusal: chewing surfaces of posterior teeth Incisal edge: biting surface of anterior teeth

20. Terms relating to tooth surfaces Proximal: the surface of the tooth that is next to, or beside, the adjacent tooth Mesial and distal are both proximal surfaces

21. Interproximal A triangular space between adjacent teeth that is normally filled with the portion of the gingiva called interdental papilla

22. Contact Area An area on both the mesial and distal surfaces that touches, or contacts, the adjacent tooth

23. Apex Tip of the root

24. Review https:// www.animated-teeth.com/questions-answers/kids-deciduous-tooth-identification/baby-teeth-types.html https:// youtu.be/bEhsUtiHVXI https:// www.purposegames.com/game/tooth-surfaces-game