The discovery of hormone

1. The Discovery of Hormone Dr Pranab Kumar Sahana:MD,DM ( Associate Profofessor ),    Department of Endocrinology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata

2. Starling and Bayliss Earnest Henry Starling Died 2 nd May Sir William Maddock Bayliss Born 2 nd May

3. Starling- Biography Starling  (17 April 1866 – 2 May 1927 )   English  physiologist. His father, Matthew Henry Starling, was a barrister and served for many years as a clerk of the crown at Bombay Starling studied medicine at Guy's Hospital, London, where he obtained his MB in 1889 In 1899 he moved to University College, London, to become Professor of Physiology, a position he held until his death. His main collaborator in London was his brother-in-law, Sir William Maddock Bayliss .

4. Starling‘s discoveries Starling is most famous for developing the "Frank–Starling law of the heart", presented in 1915, stating that the energy of contraction of the heart is a function of the length of the muscle fiber. His other major contributions to physiology were: The discovery of  peristalsis , with Bayliss (1899) The  Starling equation , describing fluid shifts in the body (1896) The discovery that the  distal convoluted tubule  of the  kidney  reabsorbs water and various electrolytes The discovery of  secretin , the first hormone, with Bayliss (1902) and the introduction of the concept of  hormones  (1905) .

5. The famous Experiment (1902) They showed that dilute hydrochloric acid, mixed with partially digested food, activates a chemical substance in the epithelial cells of the duodenum. They found that this activated substance, which they called  secretin , released into the bloodstream, comes into contact with the pancreas, where it stimulates secretion of digestive juice into the intestine through the pancreatic duct. 

6. Croonian lecture on “ chemical correlation of the functions of the body ”at Royal College of Physicians in London on 20th June, 1905   “ These chemical messengers … or hormones (from [the greek word,ormao ] = I excite or arouse), as we may call them, have to be carried from the organ where they are produced to the organs which they affect, by means of the blood stream , and the continually recurring physiological needs of the organism must determine their repeated production and circulation through the body.”-

7. Henry Starling "Only . . . by way of experiment, can we hope to attain to a comprehension of the “wisdom of the body and the understanding of the heart,” and thereby to the mastery of disease and pain, which will enable us to relieve the burden of mankind." Lancet, 1923, 2: 865. “. . . in matters of urgent necessity [such as education], it is unprofitable to count the cost .” - Starling

8. Sir  William Maddock Bayliss 2 May 1860 – 27 August 1924 was an English physiologist. He gained a B.Sc from London University. He graduated MA and DSc in physiology from  Wadham College, Oxford . Bayliss and Ernest Henry Starling discovered the peptide hormone  secretin  and  peristalsis  of the intestines . He jointly delivered their  Croonian lecture in 1904 and was awarded  Royal Medal in 1911 and  Copley Medal in 1919 . He was knighted for his contribution to medicine in 1922 . Bayliss died in London in 1924.

9. Thank you