The effect of racial stereotypes on cultural identity

Stereotypes

1. The Effect of Racial Stereotype on Cultural Identity and Well-being (Mediating Role of Cultural Internalization): a Study on Jamaicans living in United States and Jamaica   Alikhan ZHAMALOV

2. Research Questions: Does racial stereotypes have an effect on cultural identity and well-being? Is there any correlation between variables of the study? Does cultural internalization mediate the relationship between racial stereotypes, cultural identity, and well-being? Is there any effect of demographic variables on that relationship? Are there any differences in the results of Jamaicans who live in America from those who live in Jamaica?

3. Significance Teoretical: There is a gap in research that aims to study racial stereotypes (racism and nationalism). Almost all studies focus on white people's stereotypes towards blacks, however this study one of the first that will focus on black people stereotypes Also, there is lack of the studies that aims to measure the effect of racial stereotypes on cultural identity. The study will based on 2 different country Practical: The results can be used by scientists (like future reference) or by social workers and politicians who interested in interracial interaction. The results can be used in drawing up a program for the rehabilitation, adaptation and integration different minorities.

4. Actualisation of Problem The African American Scientist Du Bois noted that skin color separation was a major problem in the 20th century. Today this problem has not lost its relevance. Also, with an increase in the number of migrants, the problems of interaction between several cultures and race also increase. For example, getting into a new society, the migrant undergoes a process of acculturation and formation of cultural identity, which is accompanied by certain racial stereotypes. In some countries skin color continues to affect the availability of education, employment, healthcare, and life satisfaction.

5. Racial Steriotype Combining the two definitions of race and stereotype, it can be concluded that racial stereotypes are automatic and simple mental images that members of a particular race group have towards another racegroup ( Dovidio, Evans, & Tyler, 1986 ) .

6. Cultural identity is a result of the process of cultural internalizations. In other words, when a person enters a particular cultural environment, the process of internalization begins. Consequently, during this process the individual, by means of interaction with a particular culture, learn about its features, values, and norms ( autonomous, heteronomous ). The result of the process of internalization is formation of cultural identity when a person belongs to a particular culture . Differences between Cultural Internalization and Cultural Identity

7. The Concept of Well-being

8. Methodology Participants First part of the sample will involve 200 participants (100 male and 100 female) living in Jamaica (as much as I can). The second part of the study sample will be Jamaicans who live in the United States б also 200 participants (100 male and 100 female).

9. Methodology Procedure the ethical approval from Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University Ethics Committee will be obtained. After that the contact will be made with the Jamaican American Community Organization (JACO). Informed Consent Form Appropriate Scales and Sociodemographic Form Debriefing Form

10. Methodology Instruments Sociodemographic Form ( gender, age, education level, marital status, employment, and religiousness , how long they live in the US, which language they speack at home ) Cultural Identity Scale ( Lynch, 2020): 5 items. That question is rated from 1 (Not at all) to 10 (Completely). Cultural Internalization Scale ( Lynch, 2020): 4 items measure internal motivation (C-IN) and 7 items measure external motivation (C-EX). Scale will be rated by using a 4-point Likert scale of 1 (not at all), 4 (a lot). Psychological Well-being Scale ( Ryff, 1989) : 18 items (short version). The PWS includes six basic components: purpose in life, positive relationships with others, personal growth, environmental mastery, self-acceptance and autonomy. PWS items are rated by using a 6-point Likert scale: 1 (strongly disagree), 6 (strongly agree). Racial Stereotype Rate ( Katz & Braly, 1935): 33 traits, which are classified as positive and negative. The rating varied from 1 to 10, where 10 means the most suitable, 5 respondents are not sure, and 1 if they do not associate the target group with that trait. Multifactorial Racial Attitude Inventory ( Woodmansee & Cook, 1967): 45 items and 5 subscales which show the superior status relationship, racial equality, interracial contacts, private rights, and beliefs towards white people. Scale measured by using a 5-point Likert scale: 1 (strongly disagree), 5 (strongly agree).

11. Expected Results Thus, it could be concluded that Jamaicans who live in Jamaica will give different results than Jamaicans who live in America. Therefore, it will be possible to conduct a comparative analysis of how racial stereotypes towards white, cultural identity and well-being will change in term of interacting with white people. It will also be possible to discuss the mediation effect of cultural internalization or how racial stereotypes affect the process of cultural internalization, which in turn can lead to a change in cultural identity and, well-being. The possible expected result is just expectation, in order to confirm or refute the research questions, important to conduct real research and check how significant the results are.

12. Limitation and Suggestion for Future Studies

13. Thank you