The Female Reproductive System

1. The F emale Reproductive System By Paige Beck

2. The Pelvic Girdle Composed of 4 bones: sacrum, coccyx and 2 os coxae Functions: Bear the weight of the upper body Transfer weight from the axial skeleton to lower apendicular skeleton for standing and walking Provide attachment of muscles Provide attachment of external genitalia

3. The Pelvis What is the difference between the true pelvis and the false pelvis? True Pelvis = Lesser Pelvis The cavity below the pelvic brim. False Pelvis = G reater Pelvis T he expanded portion of the cavity situated above and in front of the pelvic brim.

4. Male vs. Female Pelvis Male Pelvis is: Thick and heavy Deep false pelvis Narrow, heart shaped true pelvis Pubic arch is narrow (<70˚) Obturator foramen are round The acetabulum are large Female Pelvis is: Thin and light Shallow false pelvis Wide, shallow, oval-shaped true pelvis Pubic arch is wide (>80˚) Obturator foramen are oval The acetabulum are small

5. The Uterus in respect to the Pelvis

6. The Uterus Pear shaped 7.5cm long 5cm wide 2cm thick Weighs 90g Composed of 3 parts; fundus; body; and cervix Fundus

7. The Wall of the Uterus Endometrium : Lining of the uterus Myometrium : Muscular tissue underneath the endometrium Perimetrium : The outer serosa layer of the uterus

8. Uterine Tubes 13cm long Fertilisation usually occurs at the ampulla-isthmus boundary

9. The Ligaments of the Uterus Broad Ligament: connects sides of uterus to the pelvic wall and floor Round Ligament: attaches to uterus below the uterine region of the fallopian tube and passes through the inguinal canal to the labia majorca Ovarian Ligament: attaches ovary to uterus

10. The Vagina A fibromuscular tube that extends from the uterus to the vulva The cervix projects downwards and backwards into the vagina The hymen is a thin mucosal fold partially covering the external os which is broken during intercourse

11. The Female Reproductive System

12. External Genitalia

13. Pelvic Walls vs. Pelvic Floor Pelvic Walls The walls of the pelvis are formed by the bony pelvis girdle and its associated ligaments. Pelvic Floor The floor of the pelvis formed by the pelvic diaphragm which consists of the levator ani and coccygeus muscles. Puborectalis Pubococcygeus Ilicoccygeus Coccygeus Levator Ani = puborectalis + pubococcygeus + Ilicoccygeus

14. Perineum Perineum = anal triangle + urogenital triangle Urogenital triangle Anal triangle

15. Contents of the Perineum Urogenital Triangle Termed the Ischianal fossa Contains fat and loose connective tissue Supports anal canal Allows expansion of anal canal during passage of faeces Anal Triangle Contains external genitalia , urethra and vaginal opening Provides support for abdominal/pelvic contents and external genitalia The muscular component of the urogenital triangle forms the urogenital diaphragm

16. The End!