The History of the Atomic Model presentation in a pink and purple hand-drawn illustrative style.pdf

Proponents of the develokment of atomic model

1. LESSON 1 QUARTER 2

2. The Brilliant Minds
Behind the Models Atoms Through Time

3. What is matter? Recap

4. Matter Mattter is anything that
occupy space and has mass.
All the things in this world are
“matter”. From nonliving things
such as air, wind, land and
water to living things such as
plants, animals, humans and
even microorganisms are
matter.

5. Matter--->ATOM
Every matter is made of these
tiny and invisble particles we
call atom. It’s what compose
matter that we cannot see
with our naked eyes but it’s
always there in the whole
universe.
Atoms are the basic unit of
matter. It cannot be broken
down chemically.

6. History of the
development of atomic
models

7. Democritus
(400 BCE) Democritus was an ancient Greek
philosopher and scholar of
Leucippus, who formulated an
atomic theory for the universe on
400 B.C. He called it “Atomos”,
which means “Uncuttable”
He stated that everything is
composed of atoms, atoms are
indestructible; have always and
will always be.

8. John Dalton
(1803–1808) John Dalton, an English chemist and
schoolteacher, developed the first
scientific atomic theory. He proposed that
matter is made of small, solid spheres
called atoms, which cannot be divided or
destroyed.
Dalton’s theory explained the Law of
Conservation of Mass and the Law of
Definite Proportions, making it the first
modern, evidence-based model of the
atom.

9. Billiard ball Model
The Billiard Ball Model is one of the earliest
atomic theories. John Dalton first proposed the
Billiard Ball Model around 1803. He imagined
atoms as tiny, solid balls – like miniature
billiard balls. In this model, atoms are
indivisible and indestructible.
This means they can’t be split into smaller
parts and they don’t break. Dalton suggested
that every element has its unique type of atom.
He also suggested that compounds form when
atoms of different elements join together. This
model was a big step in understanding matter,
even though it’s much simpler than what we
know about atoms today.

10. J.J. Thomson
(1897) J.J. Thomson, a British physicist,
discovered the electron. He
proposed the Plum Pudding
Model, which suggested that
atoms are spheres of positive
charge with negatively charged
electrons embedded within, like
raisins in pudding. This was the
first model to show that atoms are
divisible and contain smaller
subatomic particles.

11. plum pudding model
In this model, the atom is imagined as a
“pudding” of positive charge with negative
electrons scattered throughout, like plums in
a pudding. This was a big change from
earlier ideas because he suggested that
atoms weren’t just solid, indivisible spheres.
It’s called the Plum Pudding Model because
it resembles a plum pudding, where the
positive charge is the pudding and the
electrons are the plums. This model helped
our understanding of the atom, even though
it was later replaced by more accurate
models.

12. J.J. Thomson’s
atomic model Spherical Cloud of
positive charge
Electron

13. Ernest
rutherford
(1911) Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealand-born
physicist, is known as the father of
nuclear physics. He conclude that
atoms are mostly empty space with a
small, dense, positively charged
nucleus at the center. Rutherford’s
nuclear model overturned Thomson’s
theory and introduced the idea of a
central nucleus with electrons orbiting
around it. He discovered protons
which is found at the center or nucleus
of an atom.

14. Nuclear Model
Ernest Rutherford proposed the Nuclear
Model in 1911, and it dramatically changed
our understanding of the atom. Picture a
tiny, dense center (called the nucleus) where
most of the atom’s mass and all of its
positive charge is concentrated.
Around this nucleus, much like planets
orbiting the sun, move the electrons, which
are tiny and negatively charged. This model
was a leap from the Plum Pudding Model
because it showed that an atom is mostly
empty space with a small, dense center.

15. Rutherford’s
atomic model Electron orbits
Electron
Nucleus

16. Niels Bohr, a Danish physicist, refined
Rutherford’s nuclear model by studying the
behavior of electrons. He analyzed the
hydrogen atom’s line spectrum and
discovered that electrons absorb or release
energy in fixed amounts (quanta) when
jumping between energy levels.
From this, Bohr proposed the Planetary
Model, where electrons orbit the nucleus in
specific, fixed paths or shells. His model
explained atomic spectra and energy levels,
making it a major step forward in atomic
theory.NEils Bohr
(1913)

17. Planetary ModelNiels Bohr introduced the Planetary Model, which
was a way to visualize atoms that resemble our solar
system. In this model, the atom has a small, dense
nucleus at the center, just like Rutherford’s model.
But it has an added twist. Electrons orbit the nucleus
in specific paths or “orbits”, similar to how planets
circle the sun. Bohr’s big contribution was the idea
that electrons can only orbit at certain distances
from the nucleus. This is kind of like lanes on a
racetrack.
When electrons jump between these orbits, they
absorb or release energy. This model helped explain
why atoms emit or absorb light at specific
wavelengths and helped us understand atomic
structure and behavior.

18. Erwin Schrödinger, an Austrian physicist,
and Werner Heisenberg, a German
physicist, further advanced atomic theory
by applying quantum mechanics.
Schrödinger developed mathematical
equations to describe electrons as waves,
leading to the concept of electron clouds
or orbitals, where electrons are most likely
to be found. Heisenberg introduced the
Uncertainty Principle, stating that the exact
position and momentum of an electron
cannot be known at the same time.
Together, they created the Quantum
Mechanical Model, which remains the
most accurate description of the atom
today.Erwin Schrödinger and
Werner Heisenberg
(1926)

19. Instead of picturing electrons as little balls orbiting the
nucleus like planets, the Electron Cloud Model
suggests that electrons are spread out in a “cloud”
around the nucleus.
This cloud isn’t a solid thing; it’s more like a map of
where you’re likely to find the electrons. The cloud is
denser in places where there’s a higher chance of
finding an electron.
This model comes from the world of quantum
mechanics. It shows that we can’t pinpoint an exact
path for an electron, but only the probability of where
it might be. This was a big leap in understanding
atoms, showing that at tiny scales, the universe
doesn’t always follow the rules we see in our everyday
world.
Quantum Mechanical /
electron cloud model

20. James
Chadwick
(1932) James Chadwick, an English
physicist, discovered the neutron,
a neutral particle within the nucleus.
The discovery of the neutron
explained the missing mass of atoms
and clarified why nuclei are stable.
Chadwick’s work although he didn’t
develop an atomic model of atoms,
completed the modern picture of
the atom by identifying all the major
subatomic particles.

21. Chadwick’s
discovery (neutron)
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Electron orbits

22. Timeline Dimocritus John Dalton
J. J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Neils Bohr
Erwin Schrödinger and
Werner Heisenberg
First to propose
the presence of
atoms.
He called it
“Atomos”
Discovered the
Electrons
Dicovered
electron shells
and orbitals
Dicovered that
elctrons are loctated
in a region of electon
cloud
Dalton's atomic
theory states that
all matter is made
of atoms.
Discovered
Protons

23. atomic models

24. Thank you for
listening

25. group task Criteria Percentage
Relevance 30%
Creativity 30%
Accuracy 25%
Organization 15%
TOTAL: 100%
Create your own timeline on the development
of the atomic model. Use your creativity in the
design of your work. Ensure that your output is
neat, creative and presentable.
Instructions:
Material/s:
Create your timeline using a ¼ illustration
board or cardboard.
You may use any coloring tools and
recyclable materials you prefer.
You may attach pictures of scientists.
You may print out descriptions of the model
or have it hand-written.
You may search on the internet for ideas, but
you are not allowed to copy it piece by piece
or word by word.

26. REMInder Each member of the group must
contribute to the making of the
timeline otherwise shall not be
given a score. The leader of the
group shall list down the members
who do not help with the creation
of their task.