The Human Musculoskeletal System

The Musculoskeletal System under the Unit HUMAN BODY

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1. H o w d o y o u m o v e ? D o y o u k n ow w ha t bod y par t s und e rne a th your ski n he l p yo u t o move?

2. T S Y S M E

3. O rgan system that gives humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems

4. The Musculoskeletal System

5. Skeletal

6. The bones are what gives the body shape . Bones support our bodies. Babies have more than 300 bones and adults have 206 bones.

7. Types of Bones Underneath your skin there are 5 types of bones in the human body. These are  . . . Long Bones Short Bones Flat Bones Irregular Bones Sesamoid Bones

8. Long Bones I ncludes having a body which is longer than it is wide. They are usually somewhat curved for strength . The femur - a long bone Tibia Fibula Examples include femur, tibia, fibula, humerus , ulna and radius

9. Short Bones The carpals - a short bone R oughly cube-shaped and have approximately equal length and width P roviding support and stability with little movement. Examples include ankle and wrist bones

10. Flat Bones The scapula - a flat bone a thin shape/structure and provide considerable mechanical protection and extensive surfaces for muscle attachments.

11. Irregular Bones Vertebrae - irregular bones B ones in the body which do not fall into any other category, due to their non-uniform shape. C onsist of cancellous bone, with a thin outer layer of compact bone. Good examples of these are the Vertebrae, Sacrum and Mandible (lower jaw).

12. Sesamoid Bones The patella (knee cap) – a sesamoid bone Short or irregular bones, imbedded in a tendon. I t passes over a joint which serves to protect the tendon . Examples common to everyone include the patellae (kneecaps).

13. Wh a t do you think we wou l d look lik e witho u t bone s? Bones provide the framework for the body. Bones protect the body organs. Bone helps the body move in different directions and different ways

14. Wh a t is y ou r bone m ad e of?

15. A typical bone has an outer layer of hard or compact bone, which is very strong, dense and tough! Inside this is a layer of spongy bone, which is like honeycomb, lighter and slightly flexible. In the middle of some bones is jelly-like  bone marrow, where new cells are being produced for the blood.

16. Muscular Muscles are also necessary for movement: They're the masses of tough, elastic tissue that pull our bones when we move.

17. Did you know you have more than 600 muscles in your body? You control some of your muscles, while others — like your heart — do their jobs without you thinking about them at all.

18. Smooth Cardiac Skeletal T Y P E s

19. Smooth Muscle I nvolved in involuntary motion, for example the smooth muscle of the eyes helps them focus without the prompt of the nervous system. No striations and has cells that are described as spindle shaped.   Examples include stomach and bladder

20. Cardiac Muscle M akes up the thick, inner layer of the heart. E nables the heart muscle to pump continuously and involuntarily without ever resting.   P romotes the circulation necessary to sustain the entire body.  

21. Skeletal Muscle Called striated muscle is part of what comprises the musculoskeletal system, which connects muscles and bones for voluntary body movements . Attached to both ends of a bone by the tendons.  

22. Joints, ligaments and tendons

23. The ones between the carpals of the wrist, are found where bones meet as flat surfaces Allow for the bones to glide past one another in any direction .

24. Joints D i d you know wha t are th e t yp es of jo in ts and largest joint in the body? Are where two or more bones meet; They allow you to move. You h ave jo in ts at yo ur knees and your shoulders. Try to move t he se joints.

25. Such as the one between the first metacarpal and trapezium bone, permit 360 degree motion by allowing the bones to pivot along two axes. Such as the elbow and knee, limit movement in only one direction so that the angle between bones can increase or decrease at the joint.

26. Form the only ball and socket joints in the body. Have the freest range of motion of any joint in the body – they are the only joints that can move in a full circle and rotate around their axis.

27. Ligaments Tendons Fibrous connective tissue which attaches muscle to bone. Fibrous connective tissue which attaches bone to bone Serves to hold structures together and keep them stable. Attach muscles to structures such as the eyeball. Serves to move the bone or structure