The iliac artery

THE ILIAC ARTERY AND THE SUPPLIES

1. THE ILIAC ARTERY AMAN KUMAR GROUP:-C SEMESTER-3 (ANATMOY)

2. THE ILLIAC ARTERY ●The  iliac arteries  are three  arteries  located in the region of the  ilium  in the  pelvis at the level of fourth vertebra of lumbar spine originates from abdominal aorta. Common iliac artery  – forms at terminus of the aorta External iliac artery  – forms when the common iliac artery bifurcates, continues as the femoral artery at the inguinal ligament Internal iliac artery  – forms when the common iliac artery bifurcates, supplies the perineum and sexual organs.

3. COMMON ILIAC ATRTEY These two arteries travel down and to each side of the body for about five centimeters towards the edges of the pelvis. They then each split again into internal and external iliac arteries at the pelvic inlet, the area where the abdomen ends and the pelvis begin

4. FUNCTION OF COMMON ILIAC ARTERY The common iliac arteries give off small branches to the psoas major, peritoneum, extraperitoneal connective tissue, ureters, etc. Occasionally, it may give off branches to the iliolumbar and accessory renal arteries.  that play a major role in blood supply to the pelvis and the lower limbs. 

5. INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY Also referred to as the Hypogastric artery . Mainly responsible for the blood supply to the pelvic region. Its anterior division is divided into the visceral branches that supply blood to the external genitalia and the organs in the pelvic cavity. The posterior division divides into the parietal branches, which are involved in supplying blood to the pelvic wall and gluteal muscles.  The anterior division is longer than the posterior division.

6. The branches of the anterior division include: Superior vesical artery (supplies vas deferens in males) Obliterated umbilical artery (continuation of superior vesical) Inferior vesical artery The aforementioned branches supply blood to the bladder. Its three visceral branches include: Middle rectal artery Uterine artery in females Vaginal artery in females (corresponds to the inferior vesical artery in males) It has three parietal branches that include: Obturator artery Internal pudendal artery (terminal branch) Inferior gluteal artery (terminal branch) The posterior division of the internal iliac artery has three parietal branches. These include: Iliolumbar artery Lateral sacral artery Superior gluteal artery

7. bRANCHES AND SUPPLIES OF INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY Division Branch Sub-branches To/through Posterior Iliolumbar artery lumbar and iliac branches psoas major muscle ,  quadratus lumborum muscle ,  iliacus muscle Posterior Lateral sacral artery superior and inferior branches anterior sacral foramina Posterior Superior gluteal artery - Greater Sciatic foramen (Superior to piriformis) Anterior Obturator artery  (occasionally from  inferior epigastric artery ) - obturator canal Anterior Inferior gluteal artery - Greater Sciatic foramen (Inferior to Piriformis)

8. Division Branch Sub-branches To/through Anterior Umbilical artery Artery to vas deferens  (male) and  Superior vesical artery  (usually, but sometimes it branches directly from anterior trunk) medial umbilical ligament Anterior Uterine artery  (female) vaginal branch uterus Anterior Vaginal artery  (female) The artery usually takes the place of the  inferior vesical artery  present in the male - vagina  and the base of the  bladder Anterior Inferior vesical artery - urinary bladder Anterior Middle rectal artery - rectum Anterior Internal pudendal artery many branches - see article for details Greater sciatic foramen Anterior Superior vesicular artery (though sometimes from Umbilical artery) Sometimes middle vesicular Bladder and ureters

9. EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY The external iliac arteries begin at the common iliac bifurcation and take an anterior course along the medial border of the psoas major muscles before exiting the pelvic girdle posterior to the inguinal ligament.  The exit point of the external iliac arteries is lateral to the insertion point of the inguinal ligament on the pubic tubercle, approximately one-third the distance from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. Distal to the inguinal ligament, the external iliac artery becomes the common femoral artery.

10. Structure and Function The external iliac arteries function as a short conduit for blood flow between the common iliac and common femoral arteries.  Although they do not directly supply a muscle or tissue, the external iliac arteries give rise to two arterial branches that perfuse surrounding muscles: The inferior epigastric artery The deep circumflex iliac artery .

11. The inferior epigastric artery :- originates from the medial side of the distal external iliac artery. It travels superiorly along the posterior surface of the inferior rectus abdominis muscl e. The deep circumflex iliac artery :- originates from the lateral side of the distal external iliac artery and travels laterally along the superior border of the iliac crest. The common femoral artery is the distal continuation of the external iliac artery as it passes posteriorly and inferiorly to the inguinal ligament. 

12. THANK YOU #tum hi kalo sara kaam:- D.S.