the planets in the solar system1 tata surya

Solar System

1. The Planets in our Solar System

2. The Planets
Do you know a saying to remember the planets in order?
My Very Eager Mother Just Severed Us Nine Pizzas
Do you know the planets in order?
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto (dwarf planet)

3. Solar System Data
Pluto 2,300

4. What do you know about the
planets?

5. Planet Sizes Relative to Each Other

6. Inner Planets
Characteristics of the inner planets:
“Terrestrial Planets”
Rocky
Dense (about five times denser than water)
Metal cores (iron)
Thin atmosphere
The inner planets:
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars

7. Mercury
Inner most planet
Terrestrial planet
“Iron Dwarf” for having a large iron core
and being only 38% the size of Earth
Thin Atmosphere: Some Hydrogen,
Helium, Oxygen
Composition: Iron Core, Silicate
Surface
Iron core is about the size of Earth’s moon
Hundreds of craters
Sunlight Strength: 450-1040% of
Earth’s
Highest and lowest surface temps:
427°C to -173 °C

8. Venus
Second planet from the Sun
Terrestrial planet
“Sister Planet” roughly the same size and mass as
Earth’s
Thick Atmosphere: 96% Carbon
Dioxide
Surface pressure 92 times greater than
Earth’s
Clouds made of sulfuric acid
Composition: Nickel-iron Core, Silicate
mantle, rocky crust
Lots of volcanic features, but not active.
Sunlight Strength: 190% (cloud tops),
5% (surface) of Earth’s
Surface Temp: 464° C

9. Earth
Third planet from the Sun
Terrestrial planet
200km Thick Atmosphere: 78%
Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1%
argon
Composition: Nickel-iron Core
(inner core: solid & outer core:
liquid), Olivine mantle
(composed from oxygen,
magnesium and silicon), rocky
crust
One moon

10. Mars
Fourth planet from the Sun
Terrestrial planet
“Red Dwarf”
Once covered with water
Surface Pressure: 0.007 equivalent to the cruising
altitude of a plane
Atmosphere: 95% Carbon Dioxide, 2.7%
Nitrogen, 1.6% Argon, and 0.7% other gases
Composition: Iron and iron sulfide core, olivine and
iron oxide mantle, rocky crust
Craters in the south, volcanic features in the north
Lack of craters in the north suggest a much younger region
covered by lava flows.
Sunlight Strength: 36-52% of Earth’s
Surface Temp: -50°C to -123° C

11. The Outer Planets
Characteristics of the outer planets:
“Jovian Planets”
Composed of mostly gases and ices
No solid surface
May have a solid core
Most have rings
Thick Tumultuous atmospheres - rapid winds, large storms
The outer planets:
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto (dwarf planet)

12. Jupiter
Fifth planet from the Sun
Jovian planet
“Goliath planet”
Five main rings
Atmosphere: 90% Hydrogen and 10% Helium
Three separate clouds layers of ammonia ice,
ammonium hydrosulfide ice, and water ice.
The atmosphere blends seamlessly with the outer
core.
Composition: Liquid molecular hydrogen and helium
outer mantle, liquid metallic hydrogen inner mantle,
and ice and rock core
Core pressure is about 100 million atmospheres
A very powerful magnetic field that extends all the
way to Saturn’s Orbit.
Sunlight Strength: 3-4% of Earth’s

13. Saturn
Sixth planet from the Sun
Jovian planet
“Ringed Giant”
Seven main rings
Atmosphere: 96% Hydrogen and 4% Helium
Clouds on Saturn the same as Jupiter’s but
can twice a deep as Jupiter’s.
Composition: Liquid hydrogen (outer
mantle), Liquid metallic hydrogen (inner
mantle), ice (outer core) and rock (inner
core)
Most oblate planet with visible bulges at the
equator
Sunlight strength: 1% of Earth’s
Powerful magnetic field (600 times that of
Earth’s)

14. Uranus
Seventh planet from the Sun
Jovian planet
“Blue Giant”
Eleven thin rings
Atmosphere: 83% Hydrogen, 15% Helium and 2%
Methane
Only one cloud layer of methane has been detected.
Below this layer it is believed to have clouds similar to
Saturn and Jupiter
Composition: Liquid hydrogen and other elements
(outer mantle), slushy layer of icy compounds of water,
methane, and ammonia (inner mantle), and an icy &
rocky (core)
Red light is absorbed by methane, which is why this
planet is blue-green in color
Sunlight strength: 1% of Earth’s
Powerful magnetic field (50 times that of Earth’s)
Axial inclination of 97.8° (sideways compared to other
planets)

15. Neptune
Eighth planet from the Sun
Jovian planet
“Blue Colossus”
Five main rings
Atmosphere: 79% Hydrogen, 18% Helium and 3%
Methane
Dynamic atmosphere with a main clouds of methane
ice crystals.
Composition: Hydrogen and other elements mixed
into an icy liquid (outer mantle), slushy mixture rich
in water, methane, and ammonia (inner mantle), and
an icy & rocky (core)
Orbit is almost perfectly circular
Sunlight strength: 0.1% of Earth’s
Visually the sun would be 900 times fainter than how we
see it on Earth
Axial inclination of 97.8° (sideways compared to other
planets)

16. Poor Pluto
What have you heard about Pluto?
Why is it different than the other planets?
Why is it now technically not a planet?

17. Pluto
Little is know, but best guess is that 70%
of the planet is rock and ice makes up the
other 30% of the planet.
The picture to the right is the highest
resolution picture of Pluto known at this
time.
67% of the diameter of the moon.
Elongated and inclined orbit different than
the other planets
Member of the Kuiper Belt
Kuiper belt is a belt of icy planet building
leftovers
NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft
launched in early 2006 is expected to
reach Pluto in 2015.