OBJECTIVES
Explain the relationship
between and among the
self, society, and culture;
Describe and discuss the
different ways by which
society and cultures
shape the self;
Compare and contrast how
the self has been
represented across
different disciplines and
perspectives
WHAT IS SELF?
In contemporary literature and even common
sense, is commonly defined by the following
characteristics: "Separate, Self-contained and
Independent, Consistent, Unitary, and Private"
(Stevens, 1996)
SEPARATE
Distinct of others
distinct with its own
thoughts, characteristics,
and volition
It does not require other
self for it to exist
SELF-CONTAINED
AND INDEPENDENT
Consistent
Self traits, Characteristics
are More or Less the same.
Center of all experiences
and thoughts that run
through a certain person
UNITARY
Private
➢Each person sorts out
information, feelings and
emotions, and thought processes
within the self.
SELF IN SOCIETY
❑SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVISTS ARGUE THAT
THE SELF SHOULD NOT BE SEEN AS
STATIC ENTITY THAT STAYS CONSTANT
THROUGH AND THROUGH BECAUSE SELF
IS ALWAYS SUBJECTED TO INFLUENCES
HERE AND THERE
“
”
As a man of different roles, one can
expect Maybert to change and adjust his
behaviors, ways and even language
depending on his social situation.
AS A COLLEGE INSTRUCTOR
AS A HUSBAND
AS A FATHER
AS A FRIEND
THE SELF AND
CULTURE
According to
Marcel Mauss,
every self has
two faces:
Personne and
Moi
Personne
Has much to do with what it means to
live in particular institution, family,
religion, nationality, and how 10 behave
given the expectations and Influences
from others
Moi
Refers to a person's sense of who
he is, his body, his basic identity
and his biological givenness
THE SELF AS A
SOCIAL
CONSTRUCT
THE SOCIOLOGICAL AND
ANTHROPOLOGICAL
VIEW OF THE SELF
Knowing the self requires
understanding our society and
it's cultures, and how it provide
us to make decisions which are
culturally influenced and socially
constructed. It is one chunk in
helping analyze our self-
understanding. It is quite
impossible to ultimately knowing
the self without comprehending
the culture of our society.
HOW INFLUENTIAL
IS CULTURE TO
YOUR SELF
UNDERSTANDING?
Culture helps define how
individuals see
themselves and how
they relate to others. A
family's cultural values
shape the development
of its child's self concept:
Culture shapes how we
each see ourselves and
others.
THE SELF AS EMBEDDED IN
CULTURE
He was born Oct. 2, 1832, London
-died Jan. 2, 1917, Wellington,
Somerset, Eng.
English anthropologist regarded as
the founder of cultural
anthropology.
Define Culture as "that complex
whole which includes knowledge,
beliefs, art, moral, laws, costumes,
and any other capabilities and
habits acquired by (a human) as a
member of society "
Sir Edward B. Taylor
Founder of Cultural
Anthropology
DIFFERENT
FACETS OF
CULTURE
Anthropology
is the inclusive study of the human
race, it's culture and society, and it's
physical development. Dealing with the
origin in humanity, it's also shares in
the academic discussion of what
human society is and it's cultural
development.
And Sociology in the other hand, is
defined as the scientific study of human
life, social groups, whole societies and
human world whose subject matter is our
own behavior as social beings in the
relationship with many other people
NORMS
are what
dictates our
behavior in the
society.
MATERIAL CULTURE
consist of human culture
and the aspect of social
reality grounded in the
objects and architecture
that surround people. It
includes the usage,
consumption, creation,
and trade of objects as
well as the behaviors,
norms, and rituals that
the objects create or
take part in.
The evolution of material culture can be
attributed to the technological advances that
humanity was able to make. As such,
material culture has drastically changes
particularly in the globalized world. Cultural
changes, also paved the way for the
alteration of material culture.
GAY MARRIAGE
AROUND THE
WORLD
CULTURE
The self is clearly linked to
his or her culture. We can
never understand people
apart from it since it is the
very personality of the
society (Rousseau, 2014)
MEAD'S DEVELOPMENT
STAGES OF THE SELF
An American sociologist
Father of American Pragmatism
Mead rejected the idea of biological
determination of self
For Mead the establishment of the
self comes from one's interact with
other people
An individual explains his action
through the lens of his society, since
he belongs to a social structure, a
social order (Mead, 1972)
George Herbert Mead
Preparatory Stage (birth-
2yrs old)
Infant simply imitates the
actions and behaviors of the
people that the infant
interact with
Play Stage (2-6yrs old)
Children begin to interact with
each other which specific rules
apply
Game Stage (6-9 yrs old)
The final stage of self development
GEERTZ AND
HIS
CONCEPT OF
THE SELF AS
AN
UNFINISHED
ANIMAL
American cultural
anthropologist
a leading rhetorician
and proponent of
symbolic anthropology
and interpretive
anthropology
The importance then
of culture, is not just
that of an ornament of
human existence, but
an essential condition
for it (Geertz, 1973)