The Sounds of Language

1. Page 1
The Sounds of The Sounds of
LanguageLanguage
Presenter:
Nadeem Anjum
(M.A. English, 2
nd
Semester, Roll#1)

2. Page 2
•Scientific study of production,
transmission & reception of
human speech sounds
PhoneticsPhonetics

3. Page 3
Branches of PhoneticsBranches of Phonetics
•Articulatory Phonetics (Production)
•Acoustic Phonetics (Transmission)
•Auditory Phonetics (Reception)

4. Page 4

5. Page 5

6. Page 6
Consonant Sounds Consonant Sounds
Consonant sounds can be classified
according to three dimensions:
1.Voicing (voiceless or voiced)
2.The Place of Articulation (where
the sound is made)
3.The Manner of Articulation (how
the sound is made)

7. Page 7

8. Page 8
VoicingVoicing
•A sound is voiced if the
vocal cords vibrate.
•A sound is voiceless if the
vocal cords are not
vibrating.

9. Page 9
Place of ArticulationPlace of Articulation
1.BilaBial- two lips touching each
other
2.laBio dental- lower lip touches the
upper teeth
3.dental- tip of the tongue and the
inner edge of the upper teeth
4.alveolar- tip of the tongue and hard
palate

10. Page 10
5. Palatal- the tongue
and hard palate
6. velar- dorsal tongue
and soft palate
7. Glottal- throat passage

11. Page 11

12. Page 12
Manner of ArticulationManner of Articulation
1.StopS/ploSiveS- These are the sounds
produced when the air stream is blocked
completely before it is abruptly released.
2.FricativeS- These are the sounds
produced when the air stream is
compressed and passes through a small
opening creating friction. The sounds

13. Page 13
3.aFFricateS- These are the
sounds produced when a plosive is
followed by a fricative.
4. NaSalS- These are the sounds
produced when the oral cavity is
blocked, and so the air passes
through the nose.

14. Page 14
5. lateral- Sounds are
produced when air stream moves
around the tongue in an
obstructed manner.
6. approximaNt- Sounds that
are close to vowel sounds.

15. Page 15
What You Need to Know for What You Need to Know for
VowelsVowels
•FRONT/CENTRAL/BACK: These three refers
to the position of the tongue from front to
back of the mouth during the production of
the sound.
•HIGH/MID/LOW: This designation refers to
whether the lips are rounded (O shape) or
spread (no rounding) when the sound is
being made.

16. Page 16
/a/
ʊ
/a/
ɪ
/ /
ɔɪ
/e/
ɪ
DiphthongsDiphthongs

17. Page 17
ActivityActivity

18. Page 18
Consonant
sound
IPA VoicingPlace of
Articulation
Manner of
Articulation
s
sh
th
th
ch
zh
j
ng
y
t

19. Page 19
Consonant
sound
IPA VoicingPlace of
Articulation
Manner of
Articulation
s s VoicelessAlveolarFricative
sh ʃ VoicelessPalatal Fricative
th θ VoicelessDental Fricative
th ð Voiced Dental Fricative
ch tʃ VoicelessPalatalaffricative
zh ʒ Voiced PalatalFricative
j dʒ Voiced PalatalAffricative
ng ŋ Voiced Velar Nasal
y j Voiced PalatalGlides
t t VoicelessAlveolarStops

20. Page 20