Theories of ART Unit 4.pptx group of mee

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1. Theories of ART: Imitationism and Representationism Unit 4

2. CONTENTS 4.1 Representation Theory of ART 4.2 Romantic Realism in Phillipine ART 4.3 Imitation Theory of ART and Beauty

3. Can you determine which among the artworks are alive?

4. 4. 1 Imitation Theory of ART and Beauty

5. The easiest thing to imagine Plato as an enemy of art because he viewed art products of all kinds,wheather poetry,theatre or painting as inferior copies of the ultimate reality. But it should be borne in mind that Plato’s primary aim was not to evaluate the worth of aesthetic pleasure but to point out that representation through art was inferior to the ultimate truth. His concerns were not artistic but philosophical. Plato’s theory on art from the Republic claims that art is nothing more than copy of a copy of an idea,thrice removed. Using a couch as an example, Plato believe that the true artist was god, who then inspired the carpenter, who then inspired the painter, “thus we have three forms of couches and three overseers of thier manufacture - the painter, the carpenter, and God.” He believed that the art imitates reality, that it imitates the objects and events of ordinary life, be it images of nature, or a photograph of a ballerina. He saw art is nothing more than an imitation of people, places and things that already exits.

6. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC

7. Imitation define as: Applies to artworks to create a realistic appearance. Realistic looking objects and scenes that clearly mimic what we see in the world around. He main purpose of imitationism is to portray the subject matter as realistic as possible. Plato discussed art forms like tragedy, along with the sculpture, painting, pottery and architechture, not as ‘art’ but as ‘techne’ or skilled craft. He regarded them all as instances of ‘mimesis’ or imitation. Plato criticised all imitations including tragedies, for failing to depict the eternal ideal realities(‘Forms’ or ‘Ideas’). Instead they offered mere imitations of things in our world, which themselves were copies of the Ideas. The easiest thing is to imagine Plato as an enemy of art because he viewed art products of all kinds, wheather poetry, theatre or painting as inferior copies of the ultimate reality. But it should be borne in mind that Plato’s primary aim was not to evaluate the worth of aesthetic pleasure but to point out that the representation through art was inferior to the ultimate truth. His concerns were not artistics but philosophical. For Plato, the fact that the art imitates ( mimesis ), meant that it leads a viewer further and further away from the truth towards an illution. This belief leads Plato to the determination that art leads to dangerous delusion.

8. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC Raphael, The School of Athens, 1511 Leonardo as Plato Michaelangelo as Aristotle IMITATIONISM BY PLATO

9. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC PHILOSOPHY OF BEAUTY The nature of beauty is one of the most enduring and controversial themes in Western philosophy is-with the nature of art-one of the two fundamental issue in philosophical aesthetics. Beauty traditionally been counted among the ultimate values, with goodness, truth and justice.

10. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC Leonardo da Vinci was known as the Renaissance Man. He helped society of the early 1500’s to see artists as genii. The artist portrayed Mona Lisa as elegantly dressed in the fashion of the day, and unadorned by jewelry. It is as if the artist wanted nothing to distract attention from her face, and her face is the epitome of Renaissance masterwork representing female beauty at the time. In fact, her gaze is mesmerizing and yet shyly seductive. In his paintings like Mona Lisa, few lines are evident rather, sfumato techniques have been employed. Sfumato is an Italian word used to describe changes of color, and especially tone, from light to dark by gradual stages. ARTIST WHO WAS CONSIDERED TO HAVE WORKED AND FIT WITHIN THE IMITATIONISM STYLE OF ART Mona Lisa, 1503-06 Ol&lempera on wood 78 x 52cm

11. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC But for plato’s theory on art from The Republic claims that the art is nothing more copy of a copy of an ideal, thrice removed. Using a couch as an example, Plato believe that the true artist was god, who then inspired the carpenter, who then inspired the painter, “thus we have three forms of couches and three overseers of their manufacture - the painter, the carpenter, and god.” He believed that the art imitates reality, that it imitates the objects and events of ordinary life, be it images of nature, or a photograph of a ballerina. He saw art is nothing more than an imitation of people, places, and things that already exist.

12. Aesthetic is Logic Metaphysics Epistemology Ethics Beauty is Truth Reality Knowledge Good Ugly is Falsity Illusion Ignorance Evil Metaphysics : The branch of philosophy that deals with the first principles of things , including such concepts as being, knowing , substance , essence , cause , identity , time , and space . Epistemology: Comes from the Greek words “episteme” and “logos”, “Epistome” can be translated as knowledge or “understanding” or “acquintance”, while “logos” can be translated as “account” or “argument” or “reason”.

13. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC IMITATIONISM BY PLATO

14. The Dialogue: The Republic World of ART IMITATION World of Becoming APPEARANCE World of Being REALITY ROSE DAWSON In the film Titanic “Artistic Beauty” KATE WINSLET In this World “Physical Beauty” IDEA In the World of Ideas “Real Beauty” IDEA OF BEAUTY

15. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” Is a concept devised by the philosopher to reflect on the nature of belief versus knowledge. The allegory states that there exists prisoners chained together in a cave. Behind the prisoners is a fire, and between the fire and the prisoners are people carrying puppets or other objects. This cast a shadow on the other side og the wall. The prisoners watch these shadows, believing them to be real. Plato asserts that the one prisoners could be come free. He finally sees the fire and realizes the shadow are fake. This prisoner could escape from the cave and discover there is a whole new world outside that they were previously unaware of. This prisoner would believe the outside world is so more real than that in the cave. He would try to return to free the other prisoners. Upon his return, he is blinded because his eyes are not accustomed to actual sunlight. The chained prisoners would see this blindness and believe they will be harmed if they try to leave the cave.

16. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC Plato’s Allegory of the Cave

17. IMITATIONISM BY PLATO Things in this world are beautiful as appearance of the reality or idea of beauty or the form of beauty existing in the world of being. Art is beautiful as imitations of things in this world. Art is the imitation of the appearance of reality. IMITATION OF THE APPEARANCE OF THE REAL CHAIR IMITATION OF A PHYSICAL WOMAN Van Gogh Chair with a Pie Leonardo, Portrait of Ginebra o’Benci

18. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC BEAUTY IN THE HUMAN FORM Ancient Greek sculpture were typically made of either stone or wood and very few of them survive to this day. Most Greek sculpture was of the freestanding, human form (even if the statue was of a god) and many sculpture were nudes. The Greeks saw beauty in the naked human body. Early Greek statue called kouros were rigid and stood up straight. Over time, Greek statuary adopted a more natural, relaxed pose with hips thrust to one side, knees and arms slightly bent, and the head turned to one side. Other sculptures depicted human action, especially athletics. A good example is Myron’s Discus Thrower Another famouse example is a sculpture of Artemis the huntress. The piece, called “Diana of Versailles,” depicts the goddess of the hunt reaching for an arrow while a stag leaps next to her. Among the most famous Greek statues is the Venus de Milo, which was created in the second century B.C.E. The sculptor is unknown, though many art historians believe Praxiteles to have created the piece. This sculpture embodies the Greek ideal of.

19. CLASSICAL GREEK SCULPTURE Imitation of the Idea of Beauty

20. Evolution of Beauty

21. The Dialogue: The Republic Plato 348-267 BC The Roles of Imitation Theory of Art: The imitationism or mimetic theory of art claims that artwork is the best when it imitates life, experience seeing an artwork from the distance and mistaking it for the real thing, rather than replaces pieces are prized under imitationism. The most realistic, the better. Society Nothing is more natural than for children to pretend and for human beings to create, using their imagination. Thus, any human society which is healthy will be a society where there is imitative art. The concepts of art as imitation is also used in the sense of representation (representation of reality or nature). History Art does not teach us history because it is imitation, but becuase art imitates human actions, good art has to represent or depict character, character traits and personality. These later things are real, so it teaches us moral and psychological lessons. Education What art is imitating or representation is real and applicable to our lives. Art also displays and transmits this knowledge in a unique way. The audience are made to understand the universals at work in the drama or poetry and in that sense they internalize the knowledge of human nature and morality utilized by the playright,poet or/the novelist.

22. PART. 2 Representation Theory of Art

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