THEORY OF CHRONIC DISEASE- Samuel Hahnemann book review.pptx

"THE THEORY OF CHRONIC DISEASE"-By Dr.Samuel Hahnemann
It is the Last medical work by Master Hahnemann-1829.Book review-It contents,index,prefaces,Psora ,sycosis,syphilis.Cure of psora,sycosis,syphilis.Diet and Regimen of the Chronic disease.The Antipsoric medicine list.

1. THEORY OF CHRONIC DISEASE (INTRODUCTION) Presented by : Dr.Samreen [part 1 pg] Under guidance : Dr.Meena mam Presented on : 01/06/23

2. OBJECTIVES At the end of the session we shall be able to Explain the brief review about the book “Theory of chronic disease” Explain in brief how it is was constructed Explain in brief about the history of this work

3. REVIEW ABOUT THE BOOK THE THEORY OF CHRONIC DISEASE The chronic diseases their peculiar nature and their homoeopathic cure BOOK NAME BY Dr. Samuel hahnemann in 1828 . AUTHOR Presently it contains 2 volumes VOLUMES which is  Translated from 2nd Enlarged German Edn of 1835. TRANSLATOR By  Prof. Louis H. Tafel With Annotations by Dr. Richard Hughes Edited by Pemberton dudley ,M.D 48 TOTAL NO. OF DRUGS L.H Tafel R.Hughes

4. History of the work The chronic diseases is Hahnemann’s last medical work of fundamental importance. This theory is known as a result of Hahnemann’s practical and clinical experience and not an overnight fancy. THEORY OF CHRONIC DISEASE was 1 st time introduced into 4 th edition of ORGANON OF MEDICINE --- 1829 He states in the footnote to § 80 “I have spent around 12 years in investigating the source of the chronic diseases, based on the ascertained proofs”. In his “Chronic diseases”, Hahnemann states that since 1816 -1817, he was involved in finding out the cause of chronic diseases . But he did not reveal this to the homeopathic world, because the task was unfinished and incomplete Further, in the footnote, he clarifies that his efforts of finding the cause of chronic disease were revealed to two of his disciples ( Dr.Gross and Dr.Stapff ). He finally concluded that the cause of all the  chronic diseases is the multi-headed monster Psora .

5. In the beginning of the year 1826 Hahnemann wrote the first two parts of this work and although they together contain only 36 sheets, his former publisher Mr. Arnold in Dresden took two years to publish these 36 sheets. Earlier this work was published in five parts (volumes) and every part except the second had its own preface, discussing some questions of general interest to homoeopathy. The volume 3 of the “Chronic disease” published in the year 1837 with a preface, which deals with the technical part of the Homoeopathy

6. It has 2 Editions I EDITION – 4 Volumes (1828-1830) I Vol. – 1828 devoted to an exposition of his theory II & III Vol – 1828 15 new medicine. IV  Vol – 1830 7 medicines (5 from materia medica. Pura + 2 new drugs – Kalic and Nat mur ) So total number of drugs – 22 II EDITION – 5 Volumes (1835-1839). I Vol & II Vol -1835 III Vol. – 1837 IV vol – 1838 V vol - 1839 Besides the 22 medicines of the Ist edition  it contain 25 others  of which 13 are new and 12 had already appeared in Materia medica pura . So total = 47 drugs       22 – from Ist Edition        25 – 13 (new) + 12 from MMP—II nd Edition

7. VOLUMES 1 ST EDITION No.of drugs 2 ND EDITION No.of drugs 1 1828 Theory 1835 Theory 2 1828 15 new MM of 1835 MM of 3 1828 medicines 1837 13 new 25 4 1830 7 (5 mmp +2new kali carb& nat mur ) 1838 12 old( mmp ) 5 22 1839 25

8. MODE OF CONSTRUCTION Present Edition contain 2 volumes Translated from second enlarged German edition of 1835 (Exported reprint edn.1995) Volume I – Has two parts Part I (Theoretical part ) Translations preface by L.H Tafe l Annotator’s preface by Richard hughes Editor’s preface by Pemberton dudley Author’s preface by Hahnemann Nature of chronic disease Cure – Sycosis,   Syphilis,      Psora The medicines Part II (Medicinal part) Antipsoric medicines ) Preface (concerning the technical part of Homoeopathy)by Hahnemann Materia medica --begins with Agaricus and ends with kalicarb (27)

9. Volume II – Has one part Second volume has only one section. Materia medica (21 medicines) -- begins with Lycopodium and ends with Zincum . Index – to the first or theoretical part

10. List of Drugs Volume I 1 - Agaricus muscarius 2 - Alumina 3 - Ammonium Carbonicum 4 - Ammonium Muriaticum 5 - Anacardium Orientale 6 - Antimonium Crudum 7 - Arsenicum Album 8 -Aurum 9 - Aurum Muriaticum 10-Baryta Carbonicum 11-Borax Veneta 12-Calcarea Carbonica 13-Carbo Animalis 14-Carbo Vegetabilis 15-Causticum 16-Clematis Erecta 17-Colocynthesis 18-Conium Maculatum 19-Cuprum 20-Digitalis Purpurea Volume II 1 – Lycopodium 2 – Magnesia Carbonica 3 – Magnesia Muriatica 4 – Manganum 5 – Mezereum 6 – Muriaticum Acidicum 7 – Natrum Carbonicum 8 – Natrum Muriaticum 9 – Nitri Acidum 10 – Nitrum 11 – Petroleum 12 – Phosphorous 13 – Phosphoricum Acidicum 14 – Platina 15 – Sarsaparilla 16 – Sepia 17 – Silicea Terra 18 – Stannum 19 – Sulphur 20 – Sulphuricum Acidicum 21 – Zincum 21-Dulcamara 22-Euphorbium 23-Graphites 24-Guajacum 25HeparSulphurisCalcareum 26-Iodium 27-Kali Carbonicum

11. Total number of pages :1600 pages. First volume :885 pages Second volume :715 pages (889-1600) First volume contain :25medicines and Second volume contains :23 medicines

12. VOLUME 1 VOLUME 2

13. PART 1 TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE ----L.H TafeL EXPLANATIO N This is the second translation of this work to English. The first translation is done by Dr. Charles J . Hempel and published by Wm. Radde in the year 1845—1846.) Why it was reprint ? Strong protest against old version Because it was inexact as they omitted not only initials of provers but also great no.of symptoms For ex:Alumina ,(partial omission) Graphites (53 repeated) nitric acid,(13 omitted) zincum (10 omitted) * THESE OMMISIONS MADE NEW TRANSLATION NECESSARY *

14. EXPLANATION “Mastering the sense of a period,& then embodying it in a free manner in the foreign tongue” We should follow closely to the author For this ex: of Dudgeon in translation of mmp ,followed in their NATIVE VIGOR & in author’s own ORIGINAL STYLE He describes  about the  mode of translations made  from the original  work He has tried to translate the same German   word by the same  English word , except, where  words have several meanings. These are few words,  which  requ ire  a varied translations, according  to the context. for eg.a ) Brust is used for both for chest and females  mammae b) Hals is for throat or neck C) Schenkel is for thigh/leg/whole lower limb D) Gesicht is for face/sight

15. EXPLANATION He mentioned that the symptoms taken from the old school authorities (poisonings/overdose) are cited with small capitals and that of other provers are given in i talics as in case of   Materia medica pura . There is no separate index for antipsoric medicines because this is furnished in various  repertories especially in that  of Boenninghousen’s . There is a separate index for theoretical part of this work. Antipsoric medicines annotated by Richard hughes

16. ANNOTATOR’S PREFACE --Richard hughes EXPLANATION In this secton , Richard Hughes,mainly added explanation to the materia medica section ( antipsoric medicines) He rectified the no.referring to the pages of no.of citations( i.e taken from so and so place/page) In 1821 ----Hahnemann----force leave Leipsic---- given asylum In koethen ----till he left to paris in 1835 Hahnemann became famous in the treatment  of various illnesses,  he had to pay more attention to the chronic diseases , thereby he stopped to attend acute diseases . Chronic sufferes from all parts, varied shifting, obstinate morbid states,men & women labour---result Theory Of Chronic Disease---traces to so many forms of PSORIC origin----to meet manifold disorders---thus induction of new set of remedies were required

17. EXPLANATION Among the 3 volumes of Ist edn of this work (1828-30), two latter volume contains the pathogenesis of 15 medicines[new] , which are not present in Materia medica pura . These medicines were: 1.Amm Carb 7.Mag carb 13.Sepia 2.Baryta carb 8.Mag mur 14.Silicea 3.Calc carb 9.Nat carb 15.Zincum 4.Graphites 10. Nit acid 5.Iodum 11.Petroleum 6.Lycopodium 12.Phosphorous The pathogenesis of above medicines appear without a word of explanations as to how the symptoms were obtained and without acknowledgement of fellow observers. After 6 yrs of solitude at koethen ----- hahanemann called--- Dr.staph & Dr. gross----said about Theory Of Chronic Disease origin &discovery of new series of medicines in 1827 At this time Hahnemann was 70 or 80 years old and he was not in a position to conduct proving upon him. So we are compelled to reach a conclusion that these symptoms are mainly from his experience from treatment of many cases in large number

18. EXPLANATION Hahnemann  recommended the medicines to be given in the dilution from 18-30th . When the lower potencies ( upto 12th) were used it produced violent symptoms in sufferers of chronic diseases, which make up  the bulk of the Ist issue of chronic diseases. In 1830 , In the 4th v ol , published in 1830, 2 more new medicines added ( Kalicarb and Natmur ) and additional symptoms  are give for 5 other medicines (Carbo animalis , carbo veg, Caust , Conium and Sulphur) which already given in Materia Medica pura . The second edition of the “Chronic diseases” published  in 1835-39. It contains 47 medicines . (Besides 22 medicines of Ist Edn . It contains 25 others, of which 13 are new a nd 12 had already appeared in Materia Medica Pura .

19. NEW DRUGS OLD DRUGS 1- Agaricus 1- Arsenic 2-Alumina 2-Aurum 3-Amm mur 3-Colocynth 4-Anacardium 4-Digitalis 5-Ant.crude 5-Dulcamara 6-Borax 6-Guaicum 7-Clematis 7-Heparsulph 8-Cuprum 8-Manganum 9-Euphorbium 9-Muriatic acid 10-Mezereum 10-Phosphoric acid 11-Nitrum 11-Sarsaparilla 12-Platinum 12-Stannum 13-Sulphuric acid

20. Ou [ EXPLANATION Hahenemann strongly recommended the use of 30 potency in all drug proving is order to yield good results . Richard Hughes appended a note to the list of “fellow observers ” which were given by Hahnemann in the preface of each medicine (This note gives an idea about the time of provers is whether they were the provers of the later  or earlier  times,  manner of their experimentation whether  their observations  already existed in print and what information we have about them.) In pathogenesis  of drugs, the symptoms  cited by other  authors were thoroughly  varified   by Richard Hughes and made necessary correction and explanation to set it forth in its full meaning and value. Additional information  is given at the bottom of the page, represented  by Small figures, 1,2,3 etc . and Hahnemann’s own annotations  are designated by *  etc.

21. EDITOR’S PREFACE --Pemberton dudley E XPLANATION In editor’s preface,Pemberton Dudley mainly deals with the peculiarities of style in writings of Hahnemann , some of which are not at all common to our English polemical literature.

22. EXPLANATION Eg : a)His long and often involved sentences. b) His exceedingly frequent  use of parenthetical clauses & sentences and his not infrequent use of parenthesis within the parenthesis. c) Repeatation in single para etc. At the end of Editor’s preface he says that no attempt has been made to render this work or any portion of it, a model of concise perspecuity . On the  contrary the aim has been  to retain rather than  to eliminate the characteristic style of the original text. `

23. AUTHOR’S PREFACE --Hahnemann EXPLANATION To the first edition – 1828 Here he expressed his doubt about the acceptance of his great discovery by the  contemporaries in other school of medicines.

24. EXPLANATION He criticizes the use of larger doses , which may tends to endanger the patient life.

25. PREFACE TO FOURTH VOLUME (Inquiry  into the process of Homoeopathic healing) EXPLANATION In this preface Hahnemann  explain  the mode of action of Homoeopathic medicine s, and how the cure take place

26. EXPLANATION He also mentiond that the vitalforce alone couldn’t overcome the miasmatic chronic disease. It required the aid of remedies of true healing art.

27. As in case of ARMY ----VICTORIOUS----FOREIGN AUXILIARIES VITAL FORCE ---cures natural disease------with correct homeopathic remedy Modus operandi 26 th aphorism

28. PREFACE TO FIFTH VOLUME EXPLANATION Here he describe about the dynamisation . These are the processes by which the medicinal properties which are laten t   in natural substances while in their  crude state ,become aroused and then become enabled to act in an almost spiritual manner on our life.

29. EXPLANATION Dynamisation usually done in 2 ways. 1) In case of dry substances trituration i s  employed in mortor 2) In case of liquid substance by means of shaking or succussion .

30. NATURE OF CHRONIC DISEASES (Contents of theoretical part) • Efficacy of homeopathic medicne in the treatment of Sporadic, venereal, and acute diseases He criticize the crude and inhuman ways of Allopathic treatment like blistering plasters, leeching, cupping, pain killing narcotics etc . • Failure in Non- venereal chronic diseases. • Beginning was promising, continuation was less favorable ,out come hopeless. • Psora theory • Psora most ancient , most contagious or i nfectiou s, most misapprehended , universal mother of all chronic diseases. • Symptoms of Latent Psora .

31. Cure Part Cure of Psora . • Sulphur alone is necessary but in inverterate cases antipsoric remedies in succession. • Diet and Regimen. Cure of Sycosis • Thuja alternated with nitric acid invertrate cases of warts thuja - external application . Cure of Syphilis Three stages • Chancre and bubo • Chancre and bubo absent with out complication with other miasm . • Complicated with other miasm . • Medicine is best mercurial preparation . Cure is confirmed by absence of scar in chancre area with the disappearance of the colour changes . The skin of healed chancre area will acquire the natural colour of skin • In complicated cases first treat psoric miasm and then later, the other miasm

32. Symptoms of Sycosis Syphilis Psora

33. PART 2 EXPLANATION Here Hahnemann give explanation regarding Mode of administering the doses 1-through oral route 2-through olfaction In some patient’s of excitable nature----are sufficiently affected by the smallest dose in slight acute diseases Administering of doses based on: -Irritability -Their age -Their spiritual and bodily development -Their vital power -Nature of disease

34. EXPLANATION Kinds of disease 1-natural and simple but lately arisen 2-natural and simple but an old case 3-complicated one(combination of several miasma) 4-drug diseases Homeopathic pellets in solution ----- most usefu l in diseases Medicine dissolved in 7-20 tablespoonful of water In acute and very acute disease --- repeat every 6,4,2 hours In danger and urgent case---- even every hour or every half hour , a tablespoonful at a time 4] weak person /children---only a small part of tablespoonful

35. t EXPLANATION In chronic condition----- spoonful of solution atleast every 2 days ,usually every day Addition of little alcohol to prevent its spoil if patient cannot bear it add few small pieces of hard charcoa l to the watery solution But latter one will give blackish tint by shaking the liquid By giving medicine twice in succession --the good effect of 1 st dose is either neutralised in part or new symptoms of medicine appears Many contradiction of repeatation of doses Taking same medicine repeatedly Only dose modified and little in degree of dynamisiation Vital force will calm in patient--------in brief intervals---give the best results- -- well being of patient is increasing

36. EXPLANATION Well shaken solution even every time before taking is very much effected How to take medicinal solution? Same medicine in low potency Every time shake the solution Continue this above procedure until improvement is present And once new symptoms commence-------- new remedy has to be used If strong action produced by medicine--- stop on that day If symptoms of disease appear in agg form even after moderate dose- ----- breakoff use of medicine for 1/2weeks wait for considerable improvement

37. EXPLANATION How the new portion of medicine prepared ? Same medicine-----found necessary to continue---- Give new solution as many shakes as given to last portion and then few more for 1 st dose-----for subsequent doses-----solution to be shaken only 5-6 times Benefits of administering dose by mouth in chronic disease

38. EXPLANATION Same remedy use by rubbing the parts ------ curative effects much increased Cure the chronic disease more quickly not merely with internally administering the remedy but also along same remedy rubbed on skin externally Recovey of chronic patients By use of few baths in mineral water

39. On which part solution is rubbed it should be free from cutaneous ailments When to rub ? When medicine is not taken internally For this purpose too , bottle should be shaken 5-6 times This above method advances the cure in chronic disease Objection on adding large amount of alcohol and charcoal for preservation

40. Time to take medicines in chronic disease In evening before going to sleep- --- less disturbances

41. EXPLANATION In case of great irritability combined with extreme debility The only mode of administration is Allow the patient to smell few small pellets in vial(olfaction ) To smell for several days, daily of different vial containing same medicine But of lower potency , once or twice with each nostril

42. CONCLUSION Hahnemann developed the principles and rules which ought to prevail in the treatment of chronic diseases. A special class of drugs is designated by Hahnemann as “anti- psoric ” which could be used in the treatment of those diseases. The common cause of most chronic diseases according to Hahnemann is Psora . In the treatment of chronic diseases, Hahnemann has been taught by experience to give preference to anti- psoric remedies. This preference is not theoretical and is constantly subordinate to the general principle, which is further explained in detail in the book.

43. REFERENCES The chronic diseases------------by Hahnemann Organon of medicine 6 th edn —by Hahnemann