Theotokos- God Bearer

arulforyou 899 views 22 slides Mar 29, 2008
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About This Presentation

Theotokos- God Bearer


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ΘεοτόκοςΘεοτόκος
(Theotokos)(Theotokos)
“God’s bearer”“God’s bearer”
Mr. Pablo Cuadra
Religion Class

Old Testament Prophecies about MaryOld Testament Prophecies about Mary
““I will put enmities I will put enmities
between you and the between you and the
woman, and your woman, and your
seed and her seed: seed and her seed:
she shall crush your she shall crush your
head, and you shall head, and you shall
lie in wait for her lie in wait for her
heel.” heel.”
Genesis 3:15Genesis 3:15

Old Testament Prophesies about MaryOld Testament Prophesies about Mary
““Therefore the Lord Therefore the Lord
himself shall give you himself shall give you
a sign. Behold a a sign. Behold a
virginvirgin shall conceive, shall conceive,
and and bearbear a a sonson and and
his name shall be his name shall be
called called EmmanuelEmmanuel.” .”
Isaiah 7:14 Isaiah 7:14

The New TestamentThe New Testament
In the sixth month, the angel In the sixth month, the angel
Gabriel was sent from God to a Gabriel was sent from God to a
town of Galilee called Nazareth, town of Galilee called Nazareth,
to a virgin betrothed to a man to a virgin betrothed to a man
named Joseph, of the house of named Joseph, of the house of
David, and the virgin's name was David, and the virgin's name was
Mary. Mary.
And coming to her, he said, And coming to her, he said, "Hail, "Hail,
favored one! The Lord is with favored one! The Lord is with
you."you."
But she was greatly troubled at But she was greatly troubled at
what was said and pondered what what was said and pondered what
sort of greeting this might be. sort of greeting this might be.
Then the angel said to her, Then the angel said to her, "Do "Do
not be afraid, Mary, for you have not be afraid, Mary, for you have
found favor with God.found favor with God.
Luke 1:26-30Luke 1:26-30

Did you know?Did you know?
The phrase The phrase "full of grace""full of grace" is is
translated from the Greek word translated from the Greek word
"kecharitomene.""kecharitomene." This is a This is a
unique title given to Mary, and unique title given to Mary, and
suggests a perfection of gracesuggests a perfection of grace
from a past event. Mary is not just from a past event. Mary is not just
"highly favored." She has been "highly favored." She has been
perfected in grace by God. perfected in grace by God. "Full of "Full of
grace" is only used to describe one grace" is only used to describe one
other person - Jesus Christother person - Jesus Christ in John in John
1:14. 1:14.

New Testament New Testament
And Mary said: "My And Mary said: "My
soul proclaims the soul proclaims the
greatness of the greatness of the
Lord; Lord;
my spirit rejoices in God my spirit rejoices in God
my savior. my savior.
For he has looked upon For he has looked upon
his handmaid's his handmaid's
lowliness; behold, lowliness; behold,
from now on will from now on will all all
ages call me blessed.ages call me blessed.
Luke 1:46-48Luke 1:46-48

New TestamentNew Testament
Mary our Mother in the order of GraceMary our Mother in the order of Grace
“ “When Jesus saw his mother When Jesus saw his mother
and the disciple there whom he and the disciple there whom he
loved, he said to his mother, loved, he said to his mother,
"Woman, behold, your son."Woman, behold, your son.
Then he said to the disciple, Then he said to the disciple,
"Behold, your mother.""Behold, your mother."
John 19:26-27John 19:26-27

Did you Know?Did you Know?
Martin LutherMartin Luther the father of the the father of the
Reformation considered Mary the Reformation considered Mary the
mother of all believers.mother of all believers.
In the words of Luther:In the words of Luther:
It is the consolation and the It is the consolation and the
superabundant goodness of God, that superabundant goodness of God, that
man is able to exult in such a treasure. man is able to exult in such a treasure.
Mary is his true Mother .. (Sermon, Mary is his true Mother .. (Sermon,
Christmas, 1522)Christmas, 1522)
Mary is the Mother of Jesus and the Mary is the Mother of Jesus and the
Mother of all of us even though it was Mother of all of us even though it was
Christ alone who reposed on her knees Christ alone who reposed on her knees
. . . If he is ours, we ought to be in his . . . If he is ours, we ought to be in his
situation; there where he is, we ought situation; there where he is, we ought
also to be and all that he has ought to also to be and all that he has ought to
be ours, and his mother is also our be ours, and his mother is also our
mother. (Sermon, Christmas, 1529).mother. (Sermon, Christmas, 1529).

Mary’s role in the history of Mary’s role in the history of
salvationsalvation
Mary has an important role in the Mary has an important role in the
history of salvation.history of salvation.
Her Her YesYes to God (fiat) innaguarates to God (fiat) innaguarates
humanity’s radical openness to humanity’s radical openness to
God’s plan of redemption.God’s plan of redemption.
*The Annunciation reveals the *The Annunciation reveals the
fullness of time, the fulfillment of fullness of time, the fulfillment of
God’s promises and preparationsGod’s promises and preparations. .
*CCC #484; Gal 4:4; Col 2:9; Lk *CCC #484; Gal 4:4; Col 2:9; Lk
1:34-351:34-35

Mary’s PredestinationMary’s Predestination
In Mary’s life there is an In Mary’s life there is an
eschatological anticipationeschatological anticipation of the of the
fullness of redemption promised fullness of redemption promised
to all humanity. to all humanity.
Mary, the new Eve, is from the Mary, the new Eve, is from the
moment of her conception moment of her conception
preserved from all stain of preserved from all stain of
original sin. original sin.
(Pius IX Ineffabilis Deus, 1854).(Pius IX Ineffabilis Deus, 1854).
She is according to Eastern She is according to Eastern
Tradition theTradition the Panagia Panagia, the All-, the All-
Holy. In her, and through the Holy. In her, and through the
merits of her Son, God begins a merits of her Son, God begins a
new creation, the eschatology of new creation, the eschatology of
all things new.” Revelation 21:5all things new.” Revelation 21:5

Luther on Mary’s Immaculate ConceptionLuther on Mary’s Immaculate Conception
She is full of grace, proclaimed She is full of grace, proclaimed
to be entirely without sin- to be entirely without sin-
something exceedingly great. something exceedingly great.
For God's grace fills her with For God's grace fills her with
everything good and makes everything good and makes
her devoid of all evil.her devoid of all evil.
((Personal {"Little"} Prayer Personal {"Little"} Prayer
BookBook, 1522)., 1522).
The dormition of the Theotokos

St. Irenaeus on Mary the New EveSt. Irenaeus on Mary the New Eve
““Being obedient she became Being obedient she became
the cause of salvation for the cause of salvation for
herself and for the whole herself and for the whole
human race.”human race.”
“ “The knot of Eve’s disobedience was The knot of Eve’s disobedience was
untied by Mary’s obedience: what untied by Mary’s obedience: what
the virgin Eve bound through her the virgin Eve bound through her
disbelief, Mary loosened by her disbelief, Mary loosened by her
faith.”faith.”

Mary is the TheotokosMary is the Theotokos
God’s bearerGod’s bearer
CCC#495 CCC#495
Mary’s is acclaimed by Mary’s is acclaimed by
Elizabeth even before Elizabeth even before
The birth of Jesus, as The birth of Jesus, as
Mother of my LordMother of my Lord..
Luke 1:43Luke 1:43

Mary is the TheotokosMary is the Theotokos
God’s Bearer or Mother of GodGod’s Bearer or Mother of God
The Gospels The Gospels recognizedrecognized Mary as Mary as
the the mothermother of Jesus. of Jesus.
Jn 2:1; 19:25; Mt 13:55.Jn 2:1; 19:25; Mt 13:55.
CCC# 495CCC# 495
“ “The One whom she conceived as The One whom she conceived as
man by the Holy Spirit, who truly man by the Holy Spirit, who truly
became her Son according to the became her Son according to the
flesh, was none other than the flesh, was none other than the
Father’s eternal Son, the second Father’s eternal Son, the second
person of the Holy Trinity. * Hence person of the Holy Trinity. * Hence
the Church confesses that Mary is the Church confesses that Mary is
truly the “Mother of God” (Theo-truly the “Mother of God” (Theo-
tokos).tokos).
* * Council of EphesusCouncil of Ephesus (431): DS 251 (431): DS 251

Did you know?Did you know?
Theodoret (393-457 AD) an Theodoret (393-457 AD) an
influential author, theologian and influential author, theologian and
early Christian bishop from early Christian bishop from
Cyrrhus, Syria wrote in Cyrrhus, Syria wrote in 436436 that that
calling the Virgin Mary calling the Virgin Mary TheotokosTheotokos
is an is an ApostolicApostolic tradition. tradition.

Did you know?Did you know?
The following reformers all believe in Mary’s perpetual Virginity: The following reformers all believe in Mary’s perpetual Virginity:
Martin Luther, John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, John WesleyMartin Luther, John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, John Wesley
““A new lie about me is being circulated. I am supposed to have preached and A new lie about me is being circulated. I am supposed to have preached and
written that Mary, the mother of God, was not a virgin either before or after the written that Mary, the mother of God, was not a virgin either before or after the
birth of Christ, but that she conceived Christ through Joseph and had more birth of Christ, but that she conceived Christ through Joseph and had more
children after that. - Martin Lutherchildren after that. - Martin Luther, ,
"That Jesus Christ Was Born a Jew", in "That Jesus Christ Was Born a Jew", in Luther's WorksLuther's Works, vol. 45, ed. Walther I. Brand, 1962, , vol. 45, ed. Walther I. Brand, 1962,
Muhlenberg Press, p. 199. Muhlenberg Press, p. 199.
Helvidius displayed excessive ignorance in concluding that Mary must have had Helvidius displayed excessive ignorance in concluding that Mary must have had
many sons, because Christ's 'brothers' are sometimes mentioned.many sons, because Christ's 'brothers' are sometimes mentioned.
{{Harmony of Matthew, Mark & LukeHarmony of Matthew, Mark & Luke, sec. 39 (Geneva, 1562), vol. 2 / From , sec. 39 (Geneva, 1562), vol. 2 / From Calvin's CommentariesCalvin's Commentaries, ,
tr. William Pringle, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1949, p.215; on Matthew 13:55} tr. William Pringle, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1949, p.215; on Matthew 13:55}

Early Christianity and MaryEarly Christianity and Mary
One of the oldest catacombs One of the oldest catacombs
contains a drawing of the Madonna contains a drawing of the Madonna
and Child dating back to the and Child dating back to the
second century, and the oldest second century, and the oldest
known request to Mary, the "Sub known request to Mary, the "Sub
Tuum Praesidium", dates back to Tuum Praesidium", dates back to
at least 300 ADat least 300 AD! !
We fly to your patronage, O holy We fly to your patronage, O holy
Theotokos;Theotokos;
despise not our petition in our despise not our petition in our
necessities,necessities,
but deliver us always from all dangers,but deliver us always from all dangers,
O ever-glorious and blessed Virgin.O ever-glorious and blessed Virgin.

Early Christianity and MaryEarly Christianity and Mary
Blessed Virgin, immaculate and pure Blessed Virgin, immaculate and pure
you are the sinless Mother of your Son, you are the sinless Mother of your Son,
the mighty Lord of the universe. You the mighty Lord of the universe. You
are holy and inviolate, the hope of the are holy and inviolate, the hope of the
hopeless and sinful; we sing your hopeless and sinful; we sing your
praises. We praise you as full of every praises. We praise you as full of every
grace, for you bore the God-Man. We grace, for you bore the God-Man. We
all venerate you; we invoke you and all venerate you; we invoke you and
implore your aid...Holy and immaculate implore your aid...Holy and immaculate
Virgin...be our intercessor and Virgin...be our intercessor and
advocate at the hour of death and advocate at the hour of death and
judgment...you are holy in the sight of judgment...you are holy in the sight of
God, to Whom be honor and glory, God, to Whom be honor and glory,
majesty, and power forever.majesty, and power forever.
(373 AD, St. Ephem of Edessa) (373 AD, St. Ephem of Edessa)

Mary and Early ChristianityMary and Early Christianity
““It becomes you to be mindful of It becomes you to be mindful of
us, as you stand near Him Who us, as you stand near Him Who
granted you all graces, for you are granted you all graces, for you are
the Mother of God and our Queen. the Mother of God and our Queen.
Help us for the sake of the King, Help us for the sake of the King,
the Lord God Master Who was the Lord God Master Who was
born of you. For this reason you born of you. For this reason you
are called 'full of Grace'...”are called 'full of Grace'...”
(373 St. Athanasius)(373 St. Athanasius)

Early Christianity and MaryEarly Christianity and Mary
Blessed Virgin Mary, who can worthily Blessed Virgin Mary, who can worthily
repay you with praise and thanksgiving repay you with praise and thanksgiving
for having rescued a fallen world by your for having rescued a fallen world by your
generous consent? ...accept then such generous consent? ...accept then such
poor thanks as we have to offer, unequal poor thanks as we have to offer, unequal
though they be to your merits. Receive though they be to your merits. Receive
our gratitude and obtain by your prayers our gratitude and obtain by your prayers
the pardon of our sins. Take our prayers the pardon of our sins. Take our prayers
into the sanctuary of heaven and enable into the sanctuary of heaven and enable
them to bring about our peace with them to bring about our peace with
God...Holy Mary, help the miserable, God...Holy Mary, help the miserable,
strengthen the discouraged, comfort the strengthen the discouraged, comfort the
sorrowful, pray for your people, plead for sorrowful, pray for your people, plead for
the clergy, intercede for all women the clergy, intercede for all women
consecrated to God. May all who consecrated to God. May all who
venerate you, feel now your help and venerate you, feel now your help and
protection. ...Make it your continual care protection. ...Make it your continual care
to pray for the people of God, for you to pray for the people of God, for you
were blessed by God and were made were blessed by God and were made
worthy to bear the Redeemer of the worthy to bear the Redeemer of the
world, who lives and reigns for ever. world, who lives and reigns for ever.
(St Augustine in 430 A.D. )(St Augustine in 430 A.D. )

The MemoraeThe Memorae
Remember, O graciousRemember, O gracious
Virgin Mary, that never wasVirgin Mary, that never was
it known that anyone whoit known that anyone who
fled to thy protection, implored thyfled to thy protection, implored thy
help or sought thy intercession washelp or sought thy intercession was
left unaided.left unaided.
Inspired by this confidence,Inspired by this confidence,
I fly to thee,I fly to thee,
O Virgin of Virgins andO Virgin of Virgins and
my Mother; to thee Imy Mother; to thee I
come, before thee I kneel,come, before thee I kneel,
sinful and sorrowful;sinful and sorrowful;
O Mother of the Word Incarnate,O Mother of the Word Incarnate,
despise not my petitions, butdespise not my petitions, but
in thy mercy, hear and answer me.in thy mercy, hear and answer me.
Amen.Amen.

The EndThe End
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