Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNA Breakthrough by Slidesgo [Autosaved].pptx

Introduction

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression. Since their discovery in the early 1990s, miRNAs have been found to be involved in a wide range of biological processes, including development, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The therapeutic potential of miRNAs has garnered significant attention in recent years, as these molecules can modulate the expression of multiple genes simultaneously, making them powerful tools for treating complex diseases. This essay will explore the therapeutic potential of miRNAs, including their mechanisms of action, their role in various diseases, and the challenges and opportunities associated with their use in clinical settings.

Mechanisms of Action
MiRNAs regulate gene expression by binding to complementary sequences in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), leading to mRNA degradation or inhibition of translation. This process is mediated by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which incorporates the miRNA and guides it to the target mRNA. By targeting multiple mRNAs, miRNAs can fine-tune gene expression and maintain cellular homeostasis.

Role in Diseases
Cancer: MiRNAs have been extensively studied in the context of cancer, where they can function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Dysregulation of miRNAs is a hallmark of cancer, and specific miRNA signatures have been associated with different types of tumors. For instance, miR-21 is often overexpressed in various cancers and promotes tumor growth by targeting tumor suppressor genes. Conversely, miR-34a acts as a tumor suppressor and is downregulated in many cancers. Therapeutic strategies involving miRNAs in cancer include restoring the function of tumor-suppressive miRNAs or inhibiting oncogenic miRNAs using antagomirs or miRNA sponges.Cardiovascular Diseases: MiRNAs play a pivotal role in cardiovascular diseases by regulating genes involved in cardiac development, function, and pathology. For example, miR-1 and miR-133 are crucial for cardiac muscle differentiation and function, while miR-208a is involved in cardiac hypertrophy. Therapeutic modulation of miRNAs holds promise for treating conditions such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. For instance, inhibiting miR-21 has been shown to reduce cardiac fibrosis and improve heart function in animal models.Neurodegenerative Diseases: In neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's, miRNAs are implicated in neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and inflammation. For example, miR-29a/b-1 is involved in the regulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease, while miR-133b is associated with dopaminergic neuron function in Parkinson's disease. Targeting miRNAs in these conditions could offer new therapeutic avenues.

1. Regenerative Engineering-bone and muscle L et us dive into the world of Biotechnology and sciences GIRISH 2127210201012

2. BONE REGENERATION A scaffold or an implant manufactured for bone support and substitution must have the key osteobiological properties: osteoconductivity - the capacity to provide the microenvironment to allow the occurrence of osteogenesis 2. osteoinductivity - the material is able to stimulate the diferentiation of cells towards the osteogenic lineage . 3 . osteointegration- the material is able to physically and functionally integrate with the living tissue. Other properties to be considered: Biocompatible, biodegradable, pore size (within the range of 200–350 µm to guarantee cell ingrowth) and shape to resemble. In the case of bone, viscoelasticity and shear stress are essential parameters to consider

3. Table of contents 01 04 02 05 03 06 Introduction Background Methodology Results Discussion Conclusion

4. Introduction 01

5. What is a medical breakthrough? A medical breakthrough: Represents a significant advancement in the field of medicine Challenges conventional medical practices and beliefs Holds the potential to revolutionize treatments, improve patient outcomes and save lives In summary, a medical breakthrough can revolutionize medical care and improve patient lives

6. Context Introduction Provide context and emphasize the importance of addressing the identified challenge. Discuss existing knowledge or approaches, emphasizing the gaps or limitations that hinder progress and drive the need for innovative solutions Clearly state the specific problem or challenge in the medical field. Emphasize its significance and impact, highlighting gaps or limitations in current knowledge or approaches that motivate the need for a breakthrough Problem statement

7. Background Current landscape Emerging trends Highlight the current challenges and limitations in the medical field that require a breakthrough. Describe the healthcare problems, diseases or conditions that need innovative solutions Focus on emerging medical trends, technologies, or scientific discoveries that present an opportunity for a breakthrough. Discuss the potential benefits, such as more accurate diagnostics or preventive measures Outline a visionary goal for the breakthrough, such as curing a disease or revolutionizing procedures. Highlight the broader impact on healthcare and global quality of life Breakthrough vision

8. Outline the research design for the medical breakthrough. Describe the type of study, sample size, inclusion criteria and ethical considerations Explain the methods and tools used for data collection, including patient records or examinations. Emphasize data accuracy and patient privacy Describe the approach for analyzing the collected data. Explain the statistical methods or qualitative analysis techniques used to derive meaningful insights Discuss the steps taken to validate the results. Explain how the findings will be reviewed, confirmed or peer-reviewed for scientific rigor Methodology Study design Data analysis Data collection Results validation

9. Results Present the analyzed data from the study. Describe the methods used for analysis and highlight key findings and trends Focus on numerical results derived from the analysis. Present percentages, means or correlations and use visual aids Compare results with existing literature or previous studies. Highlight similarities, differences, and novel insights for knowledge Acknowledge study limitations. Discuss challenges faced during data collection, analysis and interpretation Data analysis Quant. results Qual. results Discuss qualitative findings from interviews or surveys. Present themes, patterns and include examples Summarize the findings and their implications. Discuss the impact on medical practice, patient care or future research Comparison Limitations Conclusions

10. This treatment is 10 times faster than previous treatments 50% Reduction in complications 10x faster 85% Success rate for the breakthrough

11. Use percentages in your breakthrough presentation to quantify and communicate the frequency or proportion of an important finding 95%

12. Column chart Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here Understanding the numbers Use this slide to present data on the outcomes of patients who have received treatment for a particular condition or disease. A column chart can be an effective way to illustrate changes in patient outcomes over time. Consider including data from clinical trials or real-world patient populations to showcase the impact

13. Milestones Discovery Preclinical research Early phase clinical trial Phase I clinical trial Phase II clinical trial Phase III clinical trial FDA review Post-market monitoring

14. Treatment option Efficacy rate Side effects Cost Availability Medication A 80% Mild $$ Widely available Medication B 70% Moderate $$$ Available only with prescription Surgery 90% High $$$$ Requires specialized facilities Radiation therapy 75% Moderate $$ Available in most hospitals Immunotherapy 65% Moderate $$$$ Available only in select medical centers Physical therapy 60% Mild $$ Widely available Treatment options

15. Clinical trial phases Phase 1: safety and dosage Participants: 20-100 healthy volunteers Objective: to determine safe dosage and identify side effects Duration: 6 months Success rate: 80% of participants completed the trial without experiencing significant side effects Phase 2: side effects Participants: up to several hundred people with the condition Objective: to determine effectiveness and further evaluate safety Duration: 12 months Success rate: 65% of participants experienced a significant improvement in symptoms Phase 3: large-scale testing Participants: from several hundred to thousands of people with the condition Objective: to confirm effectiveness, monitor side effects, and compare to standard treatments Duration: 24 months Success rate: new treatment was better in 75% cases Phase 4: post-market monitoring Participants: thousands of people with the condition who are taking the drug Objective: to monitor long-term safety and effectiveness and detect rare side effects Duration: ongoing Success rate: no safety concerns identified in the two years since the approval for market use

16. Data and statistics Key performance indicator Number Patients treated 2,500 Success rate 95% Average recovery time 3 days Trend in patient outcomes List the key performance indicators (KPIs) relevant to the medical breakthrough Enter the values or metrics for each KPI in the table Discuss the significance of each KPI and its relation to the breakthrough Highlight any notable achievements or milestones reflected in the table Illustrate the trend in patient outcomes over time Highlight the impact of the medical breakthrough on patient outcomes Describe any significant changes or improvements observed in the graph Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here

17. Implications —Dr. John Doe, medical professional “It's been a true lifesaver for me. I can enjoy life again without any discomfort” “I've seen a significant improvement in patient outcomes. This breakthrough makes treatment more efficient and personalized” “We are impressed with the safety and effectiveness of this breakthrough. It will greatly benefit patients and healthcare systems” —Linda Smith, patient —James Patel, regulatory body representative

18. Key members Mark Jones Sarah James Use a sentence that describes their job Use a sentence that describes their job Role: Lead researcher Contributions: You can enter a description of the contributions here You can enter a description of the contributions here You can enter a description of the contributions here Role: Clinical trial manager Contributions: You can enter a description of the contributions here You can enter a description of the contributions here You can enter a description of the contributions here

19. Results and conclusions Background Briefly introduce the context of the investigation, such as the medical condition or problem being addressed and the goals Study design Describe the design of the study, such as whether it was a randomized controlled trial or observational study, the sample size and the inclusion and exclusion criteria Findings Summarize the main findings of the investigation, including statistical results and any important trends or patterns observed Impact Discuss the implications of the findings for patients, healthcare providers and other stakeholders. You could also mention any potential limitations of the study or areas for future research References Include a reference page with the sources used in your presentation. List the sources in alphabetical order and include the author's name, the title of the source, the publication date and the publisher or URL Conclusions Briefly summarize the main findings of the study or analysis Discuss the implications of the findings and how they relate to the original research question 1 2

20. Do you have any questions? [email protected] [phone] yourwebsite.com Thanks Please keep this slide for attribution

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22. Alternative resources Here’s an assortment of alternative resources whose style fits that of this template: Neon drops abstract background

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24. LET US BRAINSTORM FIRE AWAY THE QUESTIONS