Thesis Writing guidlines final ppt .pptx

ppt

1. Thesis Writing (Format, Guidelines and Samples)

2. Title Page Approval Sheet Dedication (if any) Acknowledgements Abstract (200-300 words) Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures (if any) Initial Pages/ Pre- liminary pages

3. 5 . Typeface/Composing Thesis must be error-free; no correction ink allowed. Type on one side of the page only. 6 . Binding Use dark green rexine /cloth; edges uncut. Spine: author’s name in the middle, year of approval at the bottom. 7 . Spacing Double line spacing for normal text; 1.5 or single spacing for tables/figures. Additional double space before headings/sub-headings. Indent five spaces for new paragraphs and block/long quotations. 8 . Page Numbering Preliminary pages: Roman numerals ( i , ii, iii) at center bottom. Main text: Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3) at center top. Appendices: English letters (A, B, C) at upper right; Roman numerals at center bottom. Continue numbering across chapters.

4. 9 . Preliminary Pages Titles: Upper case, TNR 14 font size, bold, centered; topic titles in TNR 16 or 18, upper case, centered. Chapter titles: Upper case, TNR 14 font size, bold, centered. Leave two or three single spaces after titles. Each preliminary page starts on a new page. 10. Tables A void long titles. Title case, Italic, 12 font size. Single line spacing if title extends to the next line. Leave three single spaces above table. Landscape format; title on the spine/binding side. Refer to tables by number (e.g., Table 3.1). 11. Figures Brief title in Title case, 14 font TNR, above the figure. Leave double space after the figure for title; text after three single spaces. Number figures consecutively by chapter (e.g., 3.1, 4.1), including appendices. Text in figures/tables: 12 font TNR, lower case; reduce to 10 if complex. Landscape format allowed; title on the spine/binding side.

5. Roman, Caps, TNR 16 TNR 14 TNR 14 TNR 14 TNR 16 TNR 18

6. Roman 14

7. How to make table of contents..??

8. How to add reference..??? On mendeley

9. Chapter 1 Introduction(14 font size, bold, Times New Roman, Centered) It should go from general to specific; the last paragraph(s) should reflect the justification of the study; and content organization should be well observed so as to avoid gaps. Rationale or justification of the study may be clearly written under heading of significance of the study. Under introduction, following headings are included. Statement of the Problem Significance of the Study Objectives of the Study Research Questions and/or Hypotheses Assumptions (if applicable) Limitations (if applicable) Delimitations (if applicable) Operational Definitions of Key Terms (if applicable)

10. Statement of the Problem Explanation : This section identifies the specific issue or challenge the research aims to address. It sets the foundation for the study by explaining why the topic is important and what gap in knowledge the study will fill. Example : "Our research focuses on the lack of access to clean drinking water in rural areas." Significance of the Study Explanation : This part explains why the research is important and how it can contribute to the field or society. It highlights the potential impact of the findings and how they could benefit others. Example : "This study is important because it can provide new solutions to improve public health by addressing water contamination issues."

11. Objectives of the Study Explanation : Here, you list the specific goals the study aims to achieve. These are usually clear, measurable, and directly tied to solving the problem. Example : "The objective is to identify cost-effective water filtration methods and recommend policies for their implementation." Research Questions and/or Hypotheses Explanation : This section includes the key questions the study seeks to answer or hypotheses it aims to test. Research questions guide the investigation, while hypotheses propose potential outcomes based on existing knowledge. Example : "The research question is: What are the most effective filtration methods for rural areas? The hypothesis is that a low-cost filtration system can significantly reduce contaminants in water."

12. Assumptions (if applicable) Explanation : Assumptions are the conditions or factors that are presumed to be true without verification in the study. These are often necessary for the research to proceed, but they may affect the outcomes. Example : "We assume that the rural communities have a basic understanding of water filtration systems." Limitations (if applicable) Explanation : This part addresses any potential weaknesses or restrictions in the study, such as time, resources, or scope, that may impact the results. Example : "One limitation of our study is the small sample size of water filtration systems tested due to budget constraints."

13. Delimitations (if applicable) Explanation : Delimitations are boundaries set by the researcher to narrow the focus of the study. These are choices about what to include or exclude. Example : "The study focuses only on rural areas in developing countries and does not include urban or developed regions ."

14. Rational or Justification of the study: Explanation : This part demonstrates why the study is worth conducting. It explains the relevance of the research in terms of its contribution to existing knowledge, practical applications, or social impact. The rationale answers the question, "Why is this study important?" or "What problem or gap does it aim to solve?“ Practical Importance Scientific Contribution Social Impact For example, if we are studying water contamination in rural areas, we justify the research by explaining how improving water filtration methods can enhance public health, prevent diseases, and reduce the economic burden on communities."

15. Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature (14 font size, bold, Times New Roman, Centered) It should focus latest researches in the field (both local and global contexts) in the field . Different primary and secondary sources should be used such as books, journals, Internet, national or international reports, master, MPhil and PhD theses etc. The headings should appear in 14 font size, bold, Title Case, Times New Roman style, and left side adjusted. The 1st level subheadings should appear in 12 font size, bold, Title case, Times New Roman style, and left side adjusted. The 2nd level subheadings should appear in 12 font size, bold, Italic, Tile case, Times New Roman style, and left side aligned . The 3rd level subheadings should appear in 12 font size, bold, sentence case, Times New Roman style, and left side indented The 4th level subheadings should appear in 12 font size, bold, Italic, sentence case, Times New Roman style, and left side indented.

16. Chapter 3 Research Methodology (14 font size, bold, Title Case, Times New Roman, Centered) Nature of the Study (qualitative/quantitative/mixed-methods design) Population/Universe of the Study (mention nature, size ) Sampling Design (number of participants, sampling technique/s used) Instrumentation (if use more than one instrument, then give detail of all instruments about main themes on which questions designed, types of questions included, and validation mechanism of instruments). Data Collection Procedure (It should include answers of questions: When data were collected? Who were involved? Whether personally collected or team were involved or data was collected via email, Skype, telephone etc.) Data Analysis Techniques (possible data analysis techniques should be mentioned for each of the instruments of the study. If study is qualitative, then better to draw a flow chart/figure showing steps of thematic analysis )

17. Chapter 4 Data Analysis and Interpretation (14 font size, bold, Times New Roman, Centered) After an introductory paragraph, analysis and interpretation of data should be presented in some logical order e.g. objective, research question/hypothesis-wise, instrument-wise etc. Unnecessary tables and figures should be avoided. Wherever tables serve the purpose, figures should be avoided and vice versa.

18. Chapter 5 Summary , Findings, Discussion, Conclusions and Recommendations (14 font size, bold, Times New Roman, Centered) Summary should reflect key objectives and significance of the study, brief of methodology/research design, data analysis procedure and key findings. If more than one research instruments were used for data collection, then findings of each should preferably be discussed separately. Discussion should be supported with previous studies findings in an analytical way . Conclusions should be aligned with the findings. These are written in present indefinite tense. Recommendations should be specific related to the key findings and conclucions . There should be also some recommendations for future research.