Thursday pedo presentation in dental ..pptx

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1. DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, UBTH Relevance of past medical history, past dental history, family history and diet history to the Paediatric dentist By Dr Oyekpen Henshaw Akhidenor

2. Outline Introduction Components history taking Past Medical history Past Dental history Family history Diet history Conclusion Reference

3. Introduction History taking enables the clinician to collect relevant personal details by interview, which will form the basis for diagnosis and treatment. In pediatric dentistry, taking a comprehensive patient history is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment planning. A detailed history allows us to understand the child's overall health and identify factors that may influence their oral health.

4. history taking enables the patients to communicate symptoms, feelings and fears and the sequence of events leading to the problem for which the patient seeks professional assistance Accurate diagnosis of a disease depends on the art of history taking.

5. Key aspects of this history include past medical history, past dental history, family history, and diet history. Each of these elements provides valuable insights that help us deliver personalized and effective care to our young patients .

6. Components of history taking T he basic structure of the history is as follows: Patient’s biodata Presenting complaint (PC) History of presenting complaint (HPC) Past dental history (PDHx) Past medical history (PMHx) Drug history (DHx) Family history (FHx) Social history (SHx)

7. PATIENT BIODATA Patient name –To establish a rapport with the patient.  –Maintenance of record.  –To elicit the history properly.  –Medico legal purpose.

8. Age The chronological age (date of birth) should be noted. –To compare with other ages (dental,skeletal) so as to know whether the growth and development is normal in the child. – Certain diseases are known to occur frequently at particular ages .

9. Sex – Girls age faster than boys and thus their treatment may be require earlier.  – Some diseases are more common in females than in males. –A combination of age and sex can sometimes give an indication ofoccurrence of disease .

10. Address –It is used for all communications even before the first visit.  –By knowing the locality along with the family income and parent’s occupation,the socio-economic status can be assessed.  –If the patient is coming from a far distance,the appointments can be modified to complete treatment in fewer visits.  –It may indicate diseases endemic to the particular areas.

11. History taking. Chief complaint It is defined a symptom or symptoms, described in patient own words, related to the presence of an abnormal condition. History of present illness  Chronological account of the chief complaint and associated symptoms from the time of onset to the time the history is taken.The most common presenting illness can be evaluated as,

12. 1)The onset 2)Duration 3)Location 4)The quantity, quality, severity and frequency of occurrence 5) Aggravating and relieving factors 6)Associated symptoms

13. Medical history This helps in identifying conditions that could alter, complicate or contraindicate proposed dental procedures. The general medical history includes information about pregnancy, delivery, the neonatal period, and early childhood

14. MEDICAL HISTORY It should review hospitalizations, illnesses, traumatic injuries, and previous and current medical treatment. Information about infectious diseases (e.g., childhood diseases, otitis media), immunizations, allergies (including adverse reaction to drugs), and sleeping disturbances should be obtained

15. Medical history Congenital or acquired diseases or functional disturbances may, directly or indirectly, cause or predispose to oral problems (e.g., craniofacial syndromes, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, hematologic diseases;

16. Medical history A recent research has shown that lack of cooperation and behavior management problems during dental treatment may be due to specific child personality characteristics or to e.g. neuropsychiatric disorders, information on these child characteristics are important.

17. Finally, current and past problems as well as any current signs and symptoms of disease in the head, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neuromuscular, and skeletal systems should be included in the general medical history. When necessary this information should be supplemented with information from hospital records and the family physician.

18. Past dental history a) It gives information about the patients past dental problems. b ) Frequency of dental visit by the patient which gives an indication of the patient’s future behavior. c) Patient’s attitude towards previous dental treatment d) Any untoward complication of dental treatment. e) To know about any excessive bleeding in the past dental treatment F) The past dental history will also help in assessing the patients and parents attitude towards dental health.

19. Past dental history The child’s past experience with dental services should be reviewed as well as the present dental problem(s). The kind of dental treatment received previously, including pain control measures and acceptance of earlier dental treatment, gives the paedodontist important background for the evaluation of the child’s past behavior to dental treatment.

20. Past dental history P art of the dental history, including day‐to‐day oral hygiene, dietary habits, and sucking habits. The history also aims at identifying etiologic explanations for such unusual conditions as early childhood caries, rampant caries, erosion, atypical tooth surface loss, gingival recession, and periodontitis noted during the initial, brief inspection .

21. Family history The purpose of the family history is to provide relevant information about the social background of the child and, most important, the family.Such factors as the –Parents’ occupations, –The number of children in the family, and –The child’s attendance at day‐care institutions and schools, are important in selecting a realistic plan for preventive and restorative dental care.

22. Family history The family history should also include the occurrence of inherited diseases, oral or general. It should be emphasized that the information required for an adequate family history is considered confidential by many parents. Thus, the paediatric dentist’s questions should be restricted to issues and diseases of relevance in the clinical situation.

23. Family history Certain disorders that should be inquired are- – Bleeding disorders –Heart disease – Diabetes –Asthma –Tuberculosis

24. –Allergies –Genetic disorders – Malocclusion

25. DIETARY HISTORY Presen t Dietary habits – Snacking in between meals. Type of diet- Vegetarian or non vegetarian . Intake of sweetened food e.g. Carbohydrates. Patient should be asked about his complete diet of the past 24hours which should include the time of the day when food was taken,type of food,frequency of sugar exposure.