Tibia and Fibula p2.pptx . . . . . . . . .

Hi

1. Tibia and Fibula Aizaz Demonstrator Surgical KMU-IPMS Peshawar

2. Tibia The tibia is the main and large weight-bearing medial bone of the leg It expands at its proximal and distal ends; articulating at the knee and ankle joints respectively. The tibia is the second largest bone in the body and it is a key weight-bearing structure It articulates with the condyles of the femur and the head of the fibula above and with the talus and the distal end of the fibula below. It has an expanded upper end, a smaller lower end, and a shaft.

3. Tibia Proximal end The proximal tibia is widened by the medial and lateral condyles , which aid in weight-bearing. The condyles form a flat surface, known as the tibial plateau. This structure articulates with the femoral condyles to form the key articulation of the knee joint Located between the condyles is a region called the intercondylar eminence – this projects upwards on either side as the medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles. This area is the main site of attachment for the ligaments and the menisci of the knee joint. The intercondylar tubercles of the tibia articulate with the intercondylar fossa of the femur.

4. Tibia SHAFT The shaft of the tibia is triangular(prism-shaped) in cross section, presenting three borders and three surfaces, anterior, posterior and lateral. Anterior border –The anterior border is prominent and forms the shin . . The proximal aspect of the anterior border is marked by the tibial tuberosity ; the attachment site for the patella ligament. Posterior surface – marked by a ridge of bone known as soleal line . This line is the site of origin for part of the soleus muscle , and extends inferomedially, eventually blending with the medial border of the tibia. There is usually a nutrient artery proximal to the soleal line. Lateral border – also known as the interosseous border . It gives attachment to the interosseous membrane that binds the tibia and the fibula together.

5. Tibia DISTAL END The distal end of the tibia widens to assist with weight-bearing. The medial malleolus is a bony projection continuing inferiorly on the medial aspect of the tibia. It articulates with the tarsal bones to form part of the ankle joint. On the posterior surface of the tibia, there is a groove through which the tendon of tibialis posterior passes. Laterally is the fibular notch, where the fibula is bound to the tibia – forming the distal tibiofibular joint

6. Fibula The fibula is the slim lateral bone of the leg. It takes no part in the articulation at the knee joint , but below it forms the lateral malleolus of the ankle joint. It takes no part in the transmission of body weight , but it provides attachment for muscles. The fibula has an expanded upper end, a shaft, and a lower end. There is a styloid process of the fibula that extends superiorly from the head; it is more commonly referred to as  the apex of the head of the fibula . This apical projection protrudes from the posterolateral part of the fibular head The shaft of the fibula is long and slim. Typically, it has four borders and four surfaces. The medial or interosseous border gives attachment to the interosseous membrane.

7. Fibula The lower end of the fibula forms the triangular lateral malleolus , which is subcutaneous. On the medial surface of the lateral malleolus is a triangular articular facet for articulation with the lateral aspect of the talus. Below and behind the articular facet is a depression called the malleolar fossa.