Timber flooring

timber flooring building construction

1. Bhagwan Mahavir College Of Architecture Building Materials & Construction Timber Flooring Submitted to : Ar. Kunal Engineer Er . Akash Chauhan 1

2. Contents What Is Timber Why Timber History Types of Flooring Joists and Types of Joists Construction details Joinery details Characteristics Advantages and Disadvantages Sketches 2

3. What is Timber ? Simply the name suggest that the flooring made of timber i.e wood is called timber flooring.  Wood is a common choice as a flooring material due to its environmental profile, durability, and restorability . 3

4. Why Timber ? Long lasting i.e more durablity . Easy to clean. Easy to resurface. Soft for foots unlike concrete and tiles. Gives better look. Low maintainence . Soft for falling objective 4

5. History It wasn't until the Barouque Era (1625-1714) that wooden floors became elegant, starting with the French parquetry and marquetry patterns. They were then hand scraped of their overwood , scrubbed with sand, stained and polished.  5

6. History During 16 th century The first wooden floors in colonial America were wide, thick planks cut from the continent’s abundant old-growth forests . During 18 th century During 18 th century wooden were lest bare end kept untreatable after installation. 6

7. History It was kept on the action of time i.e as the time goes the timber gets treated according to requirement . Before 19 th century Decorative flourishes :As decoratively painted interiors became popular in the 19th century, this technique was applied to wood floors, too. Recent trend New trends include many of the types, shades,techniques . Wooden flooring is the symbol of royalness and wealthness too. 7

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11. Types of flooring Strip flooring Wood block flooring Parquet flooring Plank flooring 11

12. Strip flooring They are narrow and thin strips of timber jointed by tongue and groove joints Normal strips 6 to 10 cm in with and 2 to 2.5 cm in thickness are used 12

13. Wood block flooring This consist of short but thicker wood blocks which are laid in suitable designs over a concrete base This block are properly joined together with the grains exposed Size varying from 20*8cm to 30*8cm thickness 2 to 4 cm are used 13

14. Parquet flooring This is similar to block flooring except thin blocks are supported on sub-floors The blocks are laid by means of hot glue in desired pattern and then nailed with panel pins Popular in this days 14

15. Plank flooring In this type of flooring wider planks are used Jointed by tongue and grooves Normally Width 15

16. Joists & Types Of Joists Truss Purlin Girder Rafter 16

17. Rafter A  rafter  is one of a series of sloped structural members (beams) that extend from the ridge or hip to the wall plate, downslope perimeter or eave, and that are designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads 17

18. Truss A truss consists of typically straight members connected at joints, traditionally termed  panel points . Trusses are typically composed of triangles because of the structural stability of that shape and design.  18

19. Purlin A  purlin   is any longitudinal, horizontal, structural member in a roof. 19

20. Girder A  girder  is a support beam used in construction. It is the main horizontal support of a structure which supports smaller beams. Girders often have an I-beam cross section for strength, but may also have a box shape, Z shape and other form 20

21. Timber flooring Single joist timber beam double joist timber beam Frame triple joist timber beam 21

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26. 4 bay cruck , A barn in early 15 th century 26

27. Designed with single joist roofings 27

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31. Shown below is a contemporary house in Birmingham, laid with double joist timber floors constructed in late 17 th centuries 31

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34. Triple joist timber floor in house around great Britain in late 20 th century 34

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38. Construction Details In this type of flooring timber planks of 20 to 25mm thickness and width - 150 to 200 A concrete bed of 100 to 150mm thick is laid. Wooden battens of 50 to 75mm thickness and trapezium in shape are embedded in bed concrete at an interval of 500 to 700mm. Wooden planks are laid on the battens. Planks are connected to each other- by tongue and groove joints. Planks are connected to battens by- using screws. 38

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40. Construction Details In this type of construction base concrete is first laid in 15 to 20 cm thickness over it, a layer of mastic asphalt is applied. Wooden block flooring is then laid over. blocks of size 20x 8cm to 30x8cm and thickness 2.5to4cm 40

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42. Joinery Details 42

43. Joinery Details 43

44. Characteristics Durability . – it should be capable of resisting the actions of fungi, insects ,chemicals . Toughness – it should be tough. Weathering effects – it should be able to stand - reasonably the weathering effects. timber is bad conductor of heat . 44

45. Characteristics Variety . There are a lot of styles, colours and species of timber flooring available. Affordable .--timber floor finish may last for up to 8 years. The cost of recoating a timber floor is more affordable. Timber is natural, hard wearing and when maintained and kept clean it avoids carrying dust and allergens which promote asthma and other respiratory problems. 45

46. Characteristics Ecological . Timber Floors are ecologically friendly. Since it is a natural resource, timber is both renewable and recyclable Easy to maintain -- Maintenance of timber floors is easy. Flexible -- Hardwood timber floors will always look good both in contemporary and traditional interior design. 46

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48. Advantages & Disadvantages Advantages Being strong and durable wooden floor provides infinite benefits as it is as beautiful as any other designer flooring. Timber flooring can withstand huge traffic without replacement and minimal maintenance. It just needs to be re-sanded or re-polished to retain its original luster and finish. Eco-friendly and natural material which hardly requires energy during manufacturing. Timber is hypo-allergic which do not extract dirt and other allergens. Good insulator and hygienic Low maintenance 48

49. Advantages & Disadvantages Disadvantages Expensive May loose its shine giving dull look Takes lot of time to set on the floor Sometimes slippery and dangerous 49

50. Sr No Type Application 1 BUTT JOINT Generally in Furniture as relatively its weaker 2 DOWELLED BUTT The dowels inserted inside enables the joint to be used in excess load bearing units 3 DADO Used at T joints generally in connecting joists with pillars in a wooden construction house 4 RABBET Used at L junctions generally in furniture as the bonding surface area is less which disables higher load taking capacity 50 Types of common Joints and its uses

51. Sr No Type Application 4 DOVE TAIL Used at L junctions generally in furniture As well as in house constructions; the higher sticking surface area enables it to take much more load 5 MITRED WITH WOOD SPLINE Used at L junctions but the Spline inserted inside makes it much rigid and tough that it can relatively take excess loads as compared to other joints 51

52. 6 MORTICE AND TENON Used at T joints generally in FURNITURES as the tenon makes the bond so rigid that the joint can take much higher loads and makes the furniture much more durable 7 TONGUE AND GROOVE Very common used joint as can be used in variable functions as straight joins and other types of the same 52

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55. Thank You Harmil Kaiwan Shubham Bharg Jesmin Prachi Ayushi Riya Harshit soham 55