Tn Cs, Multiplier Effect And Cambridge Sci Park Ap

1. WHAT ARE
MULTINATIONALS ?
•Companies that have headquarters in 1
country and at least 1 branch in another
country. Eg LG (Korea & Wales)
•What are the advantages and
disadvantages of MNC’s locating in the
UK? Complete the table in your booklets.

2. What is the multiplier effect?
•This can be positive and negative but
it the knock on effect of an industry
either closing down on locating in that
area.

3. Circle of Decline
High
unemployment
People have more time and less money
and fewer opportunities.
Less taxes and
business rates are paid
to the local council.
The local council invests
less in housing, roads
and education.
Young people
leave school with
fewer
qualifications.
Petty crime
often
increases.
Coal mines and
iron and steel
plants close.
People have less
money to spend on
goods and services.

4. Positive multiplier effect
New Industry
Jobs provided
Local business
improves for
shops
More money
comes into
the area
Services
improve
House prices
rise
More people
move into the
area

5. FOOTLOOSE INDUSTRIES:FOOTLOOSE INDUSTRIES:
•The term footloose is applied to those
firms which have a relatively free choice of
location.
•Many of these newer industries provide
services for people and are therefore
market orientated. The raw materials are
often component goods made elsewhere,
and the finished product is usually light and
easily transportable by road or air.

6. Advantages of Advantages of
an out-of-town an out-of-town
locationlocation
Cheaper land values away
from the CBD as
competition for land is
lower near to the city
boundary (lower rents and
rates).
Ample space for the
construction of large
buildings, car parks
and lorry unloading
bays, together with
room for possible
future expansion.
Well planned, modern
estates, often with
local roads, service and
factory units built in
advance.
A good internal road
system linked by main
roads to motorway
junctions for easy
access
Adjacent to modern, suburban
housing estates, both private and
council, as well as access to
commuter villages which provide a
local labour force – an increasing
proportion of which is female.

7. What is high technology (high tech) industry?What is high technology (high tech) industry?
High technology industry involves a highly skilled
workforce and its products require a high proportion
of research and development.
High technology industry is relatively footloose
since access to raw materials is not very
unimportant.
Which of the following could be called ‘high tech’ industries?
biotechnology
iron and steel
printing
computer software
tourism
car manufacturing

8. What is the difference between a business and a science
park?
A science park is a planned
industrial complex which
contains quaternary companies
while a business park can also
contain manufacturing
companies.
Business Park
Science Park

9. Cambridge Science Park

10. •This was the park towards the end of
WW2, follow the online timeline of the
site and see how it has changed over
the years.

11. Cambridge Science Park
The site was farmland until World War II and then remained
derelict until it was developed by Trinity College in 1970.

12. Cambridge Science Park
What type of industries locate in Cambridge Science Park?
High tech industries, such as biotechnology and computer
companies locate in the Science Park.
Examples
Option Cambridge located in the park in July 2000. This is a
Research and Development division of a company which
produces products for portable computers. It employs 28 people.
GeoInformation is a company which produces high resolution
aerial photography for 180 urban areas in the UK.

13. Why does industry locate in Cambridge Science Park?
Cambridge Science Park
Cambridge
Cambridge Science Park
M11
A45
A10
A45
A11
A1303
A1309

14. Reasons for CSP’s location
•Look at p219 in Key Geography and
write down 5 main points about its
location.
You need to know
specifics, such
as…

15. CSP Specifics
•The train takes 52mins to London
Kings Cross.
•There has bee a positive multiplier
effect, St Johns Innovation centre
•The high quality graduates from the
university colleges make ideal
employees for these hi tech
industries.