Tonsilitis (AHN)

for more help [email protected]

1. Topic Topic:Tonsillitis Subject: AHN

2. Learning objectives At the end the learners will be able to; Define tonsillitis. Describe causes of tonsillitis . Enlist signs and symptoms of tonsillitis. Explain pathophysiology of tonsillitis. Discuss therapeutic management of tonsillitis. Describe complications of tonsillitis. Discuss nursing diagnosis and nursing interventions of tonsillitis.

3. What are the tonsils Tonsils are collections of lymphoid tissue (part of the immune system) situated at the back of the throat. In total, there are four sets of tonsils in the human head, but, usually, when they are referred to as "the tonsils," it refers to the palatine tonsils. The palatine tonsils are the only tonsils that are visible under normal circumstances. Tonsils are at their largest size around the time of puberty and from that point on they slowly atrophy (breakdown).

4. Conti… The tonsils are the body's first line of defense against inhaled pathogens. Specialized M cells on their surface capture antigens from pathogens and alert B cells and T cells to mount an immune defense. Tonsils also produce T cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a vital role in the immune response

5. Tonsillitis Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils most commonly caused by a viral or bacterial infection. Symptoms may include sore throat and fever.

6. Etiology Viral infections by :adenovirus, rhinovirus, influenza, coronavirus Bacterial infections :streptococcus pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumonia, Chlamydia pneumonia, Bordetell pertussis, Fusobacterium sp., Corynebacterium diphtheria, Treponema pallidum

7. Pathophysiology of tonsillitis

8. Sign And Symptoms Sore throat Red, swollen tonsils Dysphagea Fever Coughing Headache Tiredness Chills Trismus

9. Conti… Malaise White pus-filled spots on the tonsils Lymphadenopathy Otalgia Weight loss Dysphasia

10. Differnce between viral and bacterial tonsilitis

11. Investigations CBC. GPE. Throat swab.

12. Complications Otitis Media. Quinsy (Peritonsillar Abscess). Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Scarlet Fever . Rheumatic Fever. Glomerulonephritis.

13. Therapeutic Management Analgesics Antipyretics Antibiotics Surgical Management Tonsillectomy

14. Nursing Diagnosis Ineffective air way clearance related to pus or mucous formation secondary to inflammation Acute pain  related to the presence of inflammation in tosil. Imbalanced Nutrition Less Than Body Requirements related to inadequate intake. Hyperthermia  related to acute infection by microorganisms.   Disturbed Sleep Pattern  related to the pain in the tonsil area.

15. Nursing Interventions Abdomen or side lying position to facilitate drainage of secretions. Tepid sponging to reduce temprature. A soft to liquid diet is preferred. Warm salt water gargles Administer analgesic and antipyretic as ordered. By explaining cause of disease will relief patient anxiety.

16. References www.webmd.com/oral-health/.../ tonsillitis -symptoms-causes-and-treatments www.nhs.uk/conditions/ Tonsillitis /Pages/Introduction.aspx https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Tonsillitis