tonsilitis.pptx ENT EAR NOSE DISES MOUTHES

ENT AER NOSE DISESES

1. Presented by: SanaMunir

2. Tonsillitis

3. At the end of presentation students will be able to; Explain Tonsils Define Tonsillitis Describe Etiology Describe Pathophysiology Describe Clinical Manifestation Explain Diagnostic Test Explain Management of Tonsillitis Describe Nursing Interventions Objectives

4. INTRODUCTION Tonsils have small pockets over the surface is called as CRYPTS. Tonsils are large lymphoid tissue situated in the lateral wall of the oropharynx 4 types of tonsil – tubal, palatine, pharyngeal and lingual tonsils.

5. Definition Tonsillits – inflammation of the tonsils most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infection

6. causes Viral infection – most common cause Adenovirus Rhinovirus Influenza Coronavirus Respiratory syncytial virus Epstein–Barr virus HSV, HIV Bacterial infection Streptococcus staph aureus Strep pneumoniae

7. Types Of Tonsillitis Acute tonsillitis.   These symptoms usually last 3-4 days but can persist for up to 2 weeks. Recurrent tonsillitis.   This is when you get tonsillitis several times a year. Chronic tonsillitis.   This is when you have a long-term tonsil infection.

8. Pathophysiology Due to etiological factors Bacteria or virus entered in mouth or nose They get trapped in tonsils Immunity works to destroy microorganism Signs of inflammation appear Tonsillitis

9. Clinical manifestations   Fever and chills . Swelling. Pain in the throat or severe sore throat. Ear pain. Painful/difficulty swallowing. Fever and chills. Headache. Myalgia . Stiff neck. Swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck. Swelling of the eyes, faces and neck. Nausea .

10. Diagnostic Test History collection Physical examination Throat swabs RSAT – rapid streptococcal antigen test Monospot test – a blood test can detect certain antibodies, which can help confirm that a person symptoms are due to mononucleosis. CBC

11. M edical Management Analgesics – to reduce pain Sore throat relief measures Antibiotics – penicillin or amoxicillin If viral origin – complete recovery is made within one week. In chronic cases surgery will do. Home management

12. DIETARY MANAGEMENT Give appropriate food and fluids Give ice –cold fluids and bland foods during initial period (ex- ice chips, frozen juice bars) Milk is usually not given because it may increase mucus and cause patient to clear throat. Never give dark colored or red colored juices or fluids – because if vomitus contain blood it will be difficult to identify.

13. Surgical Management Tonsillectomy: A tonsillectomy is surgery to remove the tonsils. Methods Dissection and snare method Electrocautery Radiofrequency ablation Coblation tonsillectomy Harmonic scalpel Laser assisted serial tonsillectomy (LAST) Microdebrider – powered rotary shaving device with continuous suction

14. Nursing Interventions Preventing aspiration. Relieving pain, especially while swallowing. Improving fluid intake. Increase knowledge and understanding of postdischarge care and possible complications.

15. Nursing Diagnoses Risk for aspiration  related to impaired swallowing and bleeding at the operative site. Acute pain  related to inflammation of tonsils and the surgical procedure. Deficient fluid volume related to inadequate oral intake secondary to painful swallowing. Deficient knowledge  related to caregivers understanding of postdischarge home care and signs and symptoms of complications.