Tools-and-Equipment-in-Aquaculture.pptxx

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1. Tools and Equipment in Aquaculture

2. What is Aquaculture?

3. Aquaculture , also known as aquafarming, is the farming of fish, crustaceans, mollusks, aquatic plants, algae, and other organisms. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. It consists in farming aquatic organisms. Farming carp in ponds led to the complete domestication of this species in the Middle Ages, which is also when mussel farming began, following a technique that remained largely unchanged until the 20th century. ...

4. Types of Aquaculture

5. Fish farming Fish farming or pisciculture involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures such as fish ponds, usually for food. It is different from aquaculture, which is the farming of aquatic animals such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and so on.

6. Shrimp farming Shrimp farming is an aquaculture business that exists in either a marine or freshwater environment, producing shrimp or prawns for human consumption.

7. Oyster farming Oyster farming is an aquaculture practice in which oysters are bred and raised mainly for their pearls, shells and inner organ tissue, which is eaten. Oyster farming was practiced by the ancient Romans as early as the 1st century BC on the Italian peninsula and later in Britain for export to Rome. 

8. Mariculture Mariculture is a specialized branch of aquaculture involving the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other products in the open ocean of offshore aquaculture, an enclosed section of the ocean, or in tanks, ponds or raceways which are filled with seawater.

9. Algaculture Algaculture is the science, art, and practice of cultivating crops, livestock, and other renewable resources. Professionals in the field of agriculture are called agriculturists, they provide advice to farmers and farm employees. Farms and agribusinesses are the core of the agriculture industry

10. Places used in Aqua farming

11. Ponds Fish farming tanks Raceway

12. EQUIPMENT FOR MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS

13. Digging Tools Most of the maintenance and repair works in fish farms are devoted to dikes. Practically, the same implements in manual construction work are also being used in making repairs of dikes. Digging tools, flatboats, wooden dugouts and rafts are most appropriate for work like digging out trenches and backfilling them with puddled soil to repair leakage/seepage, and for deepening canals and other similar jobs. Digging blade and Shovel is one of the tools included.

14. Levelling Tools Practical and simple equipment have also been devised for levelling fishpond bottoms. The simple manual mud rake is a good example. While in Indonesia, a levelling board manned by four or more men is also used.

15. Desilting Equipment This is for manual removal of silt in fishpond bottoms or canals. If the area to be desilted is extensive, a type of silt or sludge pump can be used. Wooden or metallic shovel or backhoe is one of the best example.

16. NETS AND TRAPS

17.  Fingerling Seine The industry has designed various types of nets for use in fishpond operations. The fingerling seine, which is used for catching milkfish fingerlings and shrimps juveniles, is a fine-meshed rectangular net, about two to four meters long by one meter wide. It is supported by two poles at both ends with floats of wood, rubber or synthetic material on the upper side and sinkers of lead on the opposite side

18.  Fingerling Suspension Net A fingerling suspension net is usually a standard equipment in brackishwater fish farms. This is a rectangular or square net 2 to 3 meters wide by 3 to 5 meters long. Double line of coarse twine line the margins, the net has meshes of 0.5 to 1.0 cm square mesh. It is used to hold fingerlings during counting or before transpor

19. Dip nets Also called a scoop net. This is a net or mesh basket held open by a hoop. It may or may not be on the end of a handle. It can be used for scooping fish near the surface of the water, such as muskellunge or northern pike.

20. Gillnet seine This is a harvesting net of about 1.5 to 2.0 m wide by 30 to 50 m long. It should have a float line at one of the long sides and lead line on the opposite side. It is made of coarse thread of nylon with mesh of 4 to 5 cm square mesh. To catch fish, this seine is dragged over the pond from one end to the other. The fish are gilled on the net but some jump over while small ones pass through the net meshes so that this net is usually used for partial harvesting.

21. Cast net The net is a versatile net for fishermen as well as for fish farmers for small-scale individual catching or sampling. In fish farm, this net can be used for sampling stock of fish or shrimp to monitor growth or for partial harvesting when required 

22. Bamboo screen trap Bamboo screen traps have been devised for partial harvesting in coastal fishponds, especially for penaeid shrimps. In Indonesia, the shrimp fyke (bubu udang) is widely used. This consists of a fabricated catching fyke and an antechamber and a leader of bamboo screen set perpendicular to the pond dike. Series of the shrimp fykes may be set in the pond during harvest. In the Philippines, a similar trap is used but the catching end is formed in place rather than a pre-devised catching fyke

23. Others

24. Water pump This is usually used to effect water movement whenever needed in the pond system. This is often necessary when water circulation is needed and the tide condition is not conducive for this operation such as in alleviating stagnation or lack of oxygen.

25. Analysis Kit Used to monitor the quality of the pond if the ph level or the oxygen level is to high or low. And also used to see if the water is safe for fish to place for farming.