Tooth development disturbances 1.pdf.ppt
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About This Presentation
Tooth Tooth development disturbance disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development disturbanceTooth development dis...
Slide Content
DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES OF TEETH
1
Presented by:
Jalal Katib Abd
Junaid Bilal Hazim
Omar Qussay Sami
Abd-alhameed Salih
Humam Marwan Faris
Mohammed Buraq
Ismail
1
Presented by:
Jalal Katib Abd
Junaid Bilal Hazim
Omar Qussay Sami
Abd-alhameed Salih
Humam Marwan Faris
Mohammed Buraq
Ismail
Contents
•DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
NUMBER OF TEETH
•DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SIZE OF TEETH
•DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SHAPE OF TEETH
2
•DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
NUMBER OF TEETH
•DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SIZE OF TEETH
•DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SHAPE OF TEETH
2
DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN NUMBER OF TEETH
•Anodontia
•Supernumerary teeth
•Predeciduous dentition
•Post permanent dentition
3
•Anodontia
•Supernumerary teeth
•Predeciduous dentition
•Post permanent dentition
3
•ANODONTIA
•It refers to a total lack of tooth development.
4
•It refers to a total lack of tooth development.
4
TYPES
•Hypodontia : lack of development of
one or more teeth
•Oligodontia : lack of development of
six or more teeth excluding
third molars
5
•Hypodontia : lack of development of
one or more teeth
•Oligodontia : lack of development of
six or more teeth excluding
third molars
5
•Hyperdontia : development of an increased
number of teeth and additional teeth are
termed supernumerary
6
number of teeth and additional teeth are
termed supernumerary
6
•Total anodontia, in which all teeth are
missing, may involve both deciduous and
permanent dentition.
•This is a rare condition; when it occurs, it is
frequently associated with a more
generalized disturbance, hereditary
ectodermal dysplasia.
7
missing, may involve both deciduous and
permanent dentition.
•This is a rare condition; when it occurs, it is
frequently associated with a more
generalized disturbance, hereditary
ectodermal dysplasia.
7
•Induced or false anodontia occurs as a result
of extraction of all teeth, while the term
pseudo
anodontia is sometimes applied to multiple
unerupted teeth.
8
of extraction of all teeth, while the term
pseudo
anodontia is sometimes applied to multiple
unerupted teeth.
8
•True partial anodontia (hypodontia or
oligodontia) involves one or more teeth and is a
rather common condition.
• Although any tooth may be congenitally
missing, there is a tendency for certain teeth to
be missing more frequently than others.
9
oligodontia) involves one or more teeth and is a
rather common condition.
• Although any tooth may be congenitally
missing, there is a tendency for certain teeth to
be missing more frequently than others.
9
•Congenitally missing deciduous teeth are
uncommon but, when occurring, usually involve
the maxillary lateral incisor.
•Mandibular lateral incisors and mandibular
cuspids may also be missing.
•Although the etiology of a single missing tooth
is unknown, a familial tendency for this defect
is present in many instances.
10
uncommon but, when occurring, usually involve
the maxillary lateral incisor.
•Mandibular lateral incisors and mandibular
cuspids may also be missing.
•Although the etiology of a single missing tooth
is unknown, a familial tendency for this defect
is present in many instances.
10
•Occasionally one sees children with teeth of
one quadrant or both quadrants on the
same side missing owing to X-ray radiation
of the face at an early age.
•Tooth buds are extremely sensitive to X-ray
radiation and may be destroyed completely
by relatively low dosages.
•Teeth already forming and partially calcified
may be stunted by X-ray radiation.
11
one quadrant or both quadrants on the
same side missing owing to X-ray radiation
of the face at an early age.
•Tooth buds are extremely sensitive to X-ray
radiation and may be destroyed completely
by relatively low dosages.
•Teeth already forming and partially calcified
may be stunted by X-ray radiation.
11
•SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
•A supernumerary tooth may closely resemble the
teeth of the group to which it belongs, i.e.
molars, premolars, or anterior possibly from
splitting of the permanent bud itself.
12
•A supernumerary tooth may closely resemble the
teeth of the group to which it belongs, i.e.
molars, premolars, or anterior possibly from
splitting of the permanent bud itself.
12
•A supernumerary tooth is an additional entity
to the normal series and is seen in all the
quadrants of the jaw.
•The etiology of supernumerary teeth is not
completely understood.
•In some cases there appears to be a
hereditary tendency for the development of
supernumerary teeth.
13
to the normal series and is seen in all the
quadrants of the jaw.
•The etiology of supernumerary teeth is not
completely understood.
•In some cases there appears to be a
hereditary tendency for the development of
supernumerary teeth.
13
•The conditions commonly associated with an
increased prevalence of supernumerary teeth
include cleft lip and palate, cleidocranial
dysplasia and Gardner syndrome.
•The frequency of supernumerary permanent
teeth in the cleft area in children with unilateral
cleft lip or palate or both was found to be 22.2%.
•The frequency of supernumeraries in patients
with cleidocranial dysplasia ranged from 22% in
the maxillary incisor region to 5% in the molar
region.
14
increased prevalence of supernumerary teeth
include cleft lip and palate, cleidocranial
dysplasia and Gardner syndrome.
•The frequency of supernumerary permanent
teeth in the cleft area in children with unilateral
cleft lip or palate or both was found to be 22.2%.
•The frequency of supernumeraries in patients
with cleidocranial dysplasia ranged from 22% in
the maxillary incisor region to 5% in the molar
region.
14
•ODONTOME
•The term ‘odontoma’ refers to any tumor of
odontogenic origin.
•odontoma represents a hamartomatous
malformation rather than a neoplasm.
15
•The term ‘odontoma’ refers to any tumor of
odontogenic origin.
•odontoma represents a hamartomatous
malformation rather than a neoplasm.
15
Types
•composite odontoma : The lesion is composed
of more than one type of tissue
•complex composite odontoma : the diffuse
mass of dental tissue which is totally
disorganized
•compound composite odontoma :
malformation which bears some superficial
anatomical similarity to a normal tooth.
16
•composite odontoma : The lesion is composed
of more than one type of tissue
•complex composite odontoma : the diffuse
mass of dental tissue which is totally
disorganized
•compound composite odontoma :
malformation which bears some superficial
anatomical similarity to a normal tooth.
16
MICRODONTIA
•This term is used to describe teeth which are
smaller than normal, i.e. outside the usual
limits of variation.
•It affects most often the maxillary lateral
incisor and the third molar.
17
DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SIZE OF TEETH
•This term is used to describe teeth which are
smaller than normal, i.e. outside the usual
limits of variation.
•It affects most often the maxillary lateral
incisor and the third molar.
17
DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SIZE OF TEETH
•In true generalized microdontia, all the teeth
are smaller than normal.
•The teeth are reportedly well formed, merely
small.
•In relative generalized microdontia, normal
or slightly smaller than normal teeth are
present in jaws that are somewhat larger
than normal, and there is an illusion of true
microdontia.
18
are smaller than normal.
•The teeth are reportedly well formed, merely
small.
•In relative generalized microdontia, normal
or slightly smaller than normal teeth are
present in jaws that are somewhat larger
than normal, and there is an illusion of true
microdontia.
18
•One of the common forms of localized
microdontia is that which affects the
maxillary lateral incisor, a condition that
has been called the ‘peg lateral’.
• Instead of exhibiting parallel or diverging
mesial and distal surfaces, the sides
converge or taper together incisally,
forming a peg-shaped or cone-shaped
crown.
19
microdontia is that which affects the
maxillary lateral incisor, a condition that
has been called the ‘peg lateral’.
• Instead of exhibiting parallel or diverging
mesial and distal surfaces, the sides
converge or taper together incisally,
forming a peg-shaped or cone-shaped
crown.
19
Macrodontia
•Macrodontia is the opposite of microdontia and
refers to teeth that are larger than normal.
20
•Macrodontia is the opposite of microdontia and
refers to teeth that are larger than normal.
20
•True generalized macrodontia, the
condition in which all teeth are larger than
normal, has been associated with pituitary
gigantism, but is extremely rare.
•Relative generalized macrodontia is
somewhat more common and is a result of
the presence of normal or slightly larger
than normal teeth in small jaws, the
disparity in size giving the illusion of
macrodontia.
21
condition in which all teeth are larger than
normal, has been associated with pituitary
gigantism, but is extremely rare.
•Relative generalized macrodontia is
somewhat more common and is a result of
the presence of normal or slightly larger
than normal teeth in small jaws, the
disparity in size giving the illusion of
macrodontia.
21
•Gemination
•Geminated teeth are anomalies which arise from
an attempt at division of a single tooth germ by
an invagination, with resultant incomplete
formation of two teeth.
22
DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SHAPE OF TEETH
•Geminated teeth are anomalies which arise from
an attempt at division of a single tooth germ by
an invagination, with resultant incomplete
formation of two teeth.
22
DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES IN
SHAPE OF TEETH
•Etiology
•In some reported cases, appears to exhibit a
hereditary tendency.
•Radiographic appearance
23
•In some reported cases, appears to exhibit a
hereditary tendency.
•Radiographic appearance
23
•FUSION
•Fused teeth arise through union of two
normally separated tooth germs.
•Depending upon the stage of development of
the teeth at the time of the union, fusion may
be either complete or incomplete.
24
•Fused teeth arise through union of two
normally separated tooth germs.
•Depending upon the stage of development of
the teeth at the time of the union, fusion may
be either complete or incomplete.
24
•Etiology
•It has been thought that some physical force
or pressure produces contact of the
developing teeth and their subsequent
fusion.
•If this contact occurs early, at least before
calcification begins, the two teeth may be
completely united to form a single large
tooth.
25
•It has been thought that some physical force
or pressure produces contact of the
developing teeth and their subsequent
fusion.
•If this contact occurs early, at least before
calcification begins, the two teeth may be
completely united to form a single large
tooth.
25
• If the contact of teeth occurs later, when a
portion of the tooth crown has completed its
formation, there may be union of the roots
only.
•In some cases the condition has been
reported to show a hereditary tendency.
26
portion of the tooth crown has completed its
formation, there may be union of the roots
only.
•In some cases the condition has been
reported to show a hereditary tendency.
26
•CONCRESCENCE
• Concrescence of teeth is actually a form of
fusion which occurs after root formation
has been completed.
•In this condition, teeth are united by
cementum only.
27
• Concrescence of teeth is actually a form of
fusion which occurs after root formation
has been completed.
•In this condition, teeth are united by
cementum only.
27
•Etiology : traumatic injury or crowding of
teeth with resorption of the interdental
bone so that the two roots are in
approximate contact and become fused by
the deposition of cementum between
them.
•The diagnosis can frequently be
established by radiographic examination.
28
teeth with resorption of the interdental
bone so that the two roots are in
approximate contact and become fused by
the deposition of cementum between
them.
•The diagnosis can frequently be
established by radiographic examination.
28
•Talon’s cusp appears to be more prevalent in
persons with the RUBINSTEIN TAYBI
SYNDROME
•developmental retardation,
•broad thumbs and great toes,
•characteristic facial features,
•delayed or incomplete descent of testes in
males, and stature,
• head circumference, and
• bone age below the fiftieth percentile.
29
persons with the RUBINSTEIN TAYBI
SYNDROME
•developmental retardation,
•broad thumbs and great toes,
•characteristic facial features,
•delayed or incomplete descent of testes in
males, and stature,
• head circumference, and
• bone age below the fiftieth percentile.
29
Cusp of Carabelli
•The cusp of Carabelli is an accessory cusp
located on the palatal surface of the
mesiolingual cusp of a maxillary molar
30
•The cusp of Carabelli is an accessory cusp
located on the palatal surface of the
mesiolingual cusp of a maxillary molar
30
•DENS IN DENTE (Dens invaginatus, dilated
composite odontome)
•The ‘dens in dente’ is a developmental
variation which is thought to arise as a result
of an invagination in the surface of tooth
crown before calcification has occurred.
31
composite odontome)
•The ‘dens in dente’ is a developmental
variation which is thought to arise as a result
of an invagination in the surface of tooth
crown before calcification has occurred.
31
•Etiology
•increased localized external pressure,
•focal growth retardation, and focal growth
stimulation in certain areas of the tooth bud.
32
•increased localized external pressure,
•focal growth retardation, and focal growth
stimulation in certain areas of the tooth bud.
32
•The permanent maxillary lateral incisors are
the teeth most frequently involved
•In the majority of cases the ‘dens in dente’
appears to represent simply an accentuation in
the development of the lingual pit.
•The maxillary central incisors are sometimes
involved, and the condition is frequently
bilateral.
33
Clinical presentation
the teeth most frequently involved
•In the majority of cases the ‘dens in dente’
appears to represent simply an accentuation in
the development of the lingual pit.
•The maxillary central incisors are sometimes
involved, and the condition is frequently
bilateral.
33
Clinical presentation
•DENS EVAGINATUS (Occlusal tuberculated premolar,
Leong’s premolar, evaginated odontome, occlusal enamel
pearl)
•The dens evaginatus is a developmental
condition that appears clinically as an accessory
cusp or a globule of enamel on the occlusal
surface between the buccal and lingual cusps of
premolars
•unilaterally or bilaterally
•occur rarely on molars, cuspids and
incisors.
34
Leong’s premolar, evaginated odontome, occlusal enamel
pearl)
•The dens evaginatus is a developmental
condition that appears clinically as an accessory
cusp or a globule of enamel on the occlusal
surface between the buccal and lingual cusps of
premolars
•unilaterally or bilaterally
•occur rarely on molars, cuspids and
incisors.
34
•It has been thought to develop only in persons of
Mongoloid ancestry: Chinese, Japanese,
Filipinos, Eskimos, and American Indians.
•The pathogenesis of the lesion is thought to be
the proliferation and evagination of an area of
the inner enamel epithelium and subjacent
odontogenic mesenchyme into the dental organ
during early tooth development.
35
Mongoloid ancestry: Chinese, Japanese,
Filipinos, Eskimos, and American Indians.
•The pathogenesis of the lesion is thought to be
the proliferation and evagination of an area of
the inner enamel epithelium and subjacent
odontogenic mesenchyme into the dental organ
during early tooth development.
35
36
•TAURODONTISM
•The term ‘taurodontism’ was originated by Sir
Arthur Keith in 1913 to describe a peculiar
dental anomaly in which the body of the tooth
is enlarged at the expense of the roots.
37
•The term ‘taurodontism’ was originated by Sir
Arthur Keith in 1913 to describe a peculiar
dental anomaly in which the body of the tooth
is enlarged at the expense of the roots.
37
Thank you
38
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