topic for seminar emasculation in Plant breeding

In this doccument content infromation about the emascluation prcess precatuion etc etc all infromation

1. ShriDurgaJiPostGraduateCollege
ChandeshwarAzamgarh
ELCOME
GPB-591 MASTER SEMINAR
M.Sc. (Ag) IVTH Semester
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding

2. Submitted To:-
Dr. Ajeet Pratap Singh
(Assistant Professor)
HOD Genetics and Plant Breeding
Shri Durga Ji P G College, Azamgarh
Presented By
Name Yuvraj Mishra
Roll No. 24204350018
Enroll. No AZU23/183284
M.Sc. (Ag) Genetics & Plant Breeding
Year 2
nd
Semester IVth
Session 2024-25
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Affiliated to
MAHARAJA SUHEL DEV UNIVERSITY
AZAMGARH (UTTAR PRADESH)
SHRI DURGA JI P G COLLEGE
CHANDESWAR AZAMGARH (UTTAR PRADESH)
GPB-591 Master Seminar
Topic:-EMASCULATION

3. CONTENT :-
:-Meaning
:-History Overview
:-Importance of emasculation in plant breeding
:-Prerequisties
:-Different Methods of Emasculation
-Hand Method
-Suction Method
--Hot water Method
--AlcohalTreatment
--Cold water Treatment
--Genetics Emasculation
-Emasculation in maize
:-Bagging
:-Tagging
:-Precaution During Emasculation

4. The process of removal of stamens or anther
or killing of pollen grains of a flower without
affecting in any way the female reproductive organs
is known as emasculation .
Emasculation is performed by the Plant breeders in
bisexual flower to obtain the desire verietyof plant of a
plant by croossinga particular plant with the desired
pollen grain.

5. In the 19th century, Gregor Mendel’s pea plant
experiments highlighted controlled crosses, indirectly
recognizing emasculation’s role in inheritance studies. As
plant breeding evolved, emasculation became essential for precise
pollination control.
In the 20th century, genetics formalized emasculation as a standard
breeding practice. Hybrid seed production in crops like corn and cotton
relied on it to develop superior varieties.
From the late 20th century to the present, biotechnological advances
complemented traditional methods, but emasculation remains crucial.
It is now widely taught in agricultural programs, ensuring efficiency in
breeding.
Conclusion
Emasculation has evolved from a rudimentary practice to a sophisticated technique
integral to modern plant breeding. Its history reflects the broader advancements in
agricultural science and genetics, shaping the way we develop new crop varieties
today

10. 5. Pollination: After emasculation, pollinate the flower with pollen from a
chosen male parent at the appropriate time, usually a day or two later.
Application of Hand
Emasculation :-
Hand emasculation is widely
used in various breeding
programs, especially in crops
like maize, cotton, and many
flowering plants where
controlled crosses are
necessary to achieve desired
traits.

15. Hand Emasculation in Maize
Hand emasculation in maize (Zeamays) is an essential process in hybrid seed
production and controlled breeding programs. Since maize is a naturally cross-pollinated
crop with separate male (tassel) and female (ear) flowers, emasculation involves the
removal of the male reproductive part (tassel) to prevent self-pollination and allow
controlled cross-pollination.

16. Process of Hand Emasculation in Maize
1.Selection of Plants–The desired female plants for emasculation are
identified before tassel emergence.
2.Tassel Removal–The central shoot, containing the tassel, is carefully cut
or pulled out manually before it sheds pollen. This ensures that the plant
cannot self-pollinate.
3.Bagging the Ear–The developing ear is covered with a shoot bag to
prevent unwanted pollen from reaching the silk.
4.Controlled Pollination–When the silks emerge, pollen from the desired
male parent is collected and applied to the silks of the emasculated plant.
This method is widely used in maize hybrid seed production to ensure
genetic purity and achieve desired traits. Maize emasculation is relatively
simple compared to self-pollinated crops like wheat, as male and female
flowers are naturally separate, making controlled pollination more
effective.

20. hankyou
Thank you to Respected Professorsfor supervise me for this project
and also thanks to my classmateswho support me to complete my
work and thanks to all for listen me.