Topic of Forensic photography under the subject of Forensic law ppt.pptx

Ppt on Forensic photography under the subject of forensic law

1. YASHWANTRAO CHAVAN LAW COLLEGE Seminar Presentation(PPT) under the subject of Skill development (Forensic Science) NAME – Pruthviraj Bangar LLM II ROLL No. 05

2. PHOTOGRAPHY Photography is derived from the Greek photos-for "light" and - graphos for "drawing". It is the art, science, and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either chemically by means of a light sensitive material such as photographic film, or electonically by means of an image sensor .

3. It is referred to as forensic imaging or crime scene photography, is the art of producing an accurate reproduction of a crime scene or an accident scene using photography for the benefit of a court or to aid in an investigation. It is the part of evidence collecting. It provides investigators with photos of victims, places and items involved in the crime

4. HISTORY Belgium in 1843 and Denmark in 1851 uses photography for document purpose.Document contain prisoners images. There was no training required and pictures were often taken by amateurs, commercial photographers and even policemen or prison officials. By the 1870s, the practice had spread to many countries.This was not like photographing portraits of families or children. These were documenting criminals. Though these were slowly adapted to police regulations photographing criminals and suspects was widespread until the latter part of the 19th century.Earlier only lor 2 photographs were taken. But A crime increases number of photographs were also increases for better examination.

5. THE CAMERA There is an old saying: "A tradesman is only as good as the tools he uses." This is very true when it comes to forensic photography. Without good, well-maintained photographic equipment you will not be able to do your job to perfection.The 35mm or digital SLR camera is useful for forensic photography.It deals with a lot of ultraviolet and infrared photographs because the SLR digital camera has a very low sensitivity for ultraviolet and infrared.

6. FILM The quality of film available today is constantly improving. Many Police departments today have moved right away from black and Ahite film to colour film.Courts too, have come to expect colour photographs. Film for crime scene photography is ISO400 colour film. A Flash Equipment Not every crime scene will be as easy to photograph as an everyday, landscape shot.There will be indoor scenes, underground scenes, night scenes, outdoor scenes with heavy contrasts between light and shadow. It is essential that your camera is coupled with an efficient flash unit with a high output to get clear image or photo.

7. Photographing the Crime Scene To record the scene and associated areas. To record the appearance of physical evidence ast first encountered. To provide investigators with a photographic record of the scene to assist them with their investigations. To present the crime scene at court for the edification of judges, juries and counsel alike. Basic Reason

8. Admissibility of photographic evidence Points of qualification of a photograph in court Object pictured must be material or relevant to the point in issue. The photograph must not appeal to the emotions or tend to prejudice the court or jury. The photograph must be free from distortion and not misrepresent the scene or the object it purports to reproduce

9. TYPES The Big photographs Wide-angle photographs of the general crime scene and surrounding areas will present a big picture of the overall scene and to show the relationships between various pieces of evidence at the scene. The mid-range photographs They should be photographed from normal viewing height. Remember photographs will eventually be viewed by a judge or a panel of jurors, and they must be able to relate to the scene easily, with no distortions or confusion. The Closeup Photography To show details of important pieces of evidence. Items with which relative sizes are important should be photographed with and without a scale.

10. METHODS Crime or accident scene photographs usually capture images in color but also in Black and white. There are different methods of photography like digital, Aerial, Surveillance photography. Digital photography It has an automatic date and time marker on each image, so that authenticity can be verified.

11. Aerial Photography Taking of photographs of the ground from an elevated position. Platforms for acrial photography include helicopters, kites & air craft. The use of acrial photography for military purposes was expanded during World war.These are used for taking photographs of a big crime scene. Surveillance Photography Photographing the behavior activities, or other changing information, usually of people. This can include observation from a distance by means of electronic equipment (such as CCTv cameras).Surveillance is very useful to maintain social control and prevent/investigate criminal activity.

12. F IT FOR COURT The images must be clear and usually have scales. They serve to not only remind investigators of the scene, but also to provide a tangible image for the court to better enable them to understand what happened. The use of several views taken from the different angles helps to minimize the problem of parallax. Overall images do not have scales and serve to show the general layout.

13. Specific crimes SUICIDE There is some doubt to the circumstances of the death - treat it as a homicide. Film is cheap, and if the suicide should turn out to be a murder covered it fully. Don't think it cannot and will not happen. History is full of murders made to look like suicides. ASSAULT crime firstly require a general, overall photograph of the victim injuries. An assault victim can be photographed like a mini crime scene, with general (big picture) photographs, mid-range and close-up. Bites marks and other injuries close-up, use a scale to show the sizes of the injuries; photograph at 90 degrees to avoid

14. BLOOD SPLASH PATTERNS Photographs of blood splash patterns, whether they be on a Noor, on a vertical surface such as a wall or even overhead on a ceiling, must be photographed with the film plane parallel to the surface bearing the stain. A scale must be included on the same plane as the surface. MOTOR VEHICLE CRASHES These photographs must show the relationships of each vehicle to the other; the view each driver had on approach to the point of impact; the direction from which each driver came; debris and marks on the roadway.Technical photographs showing damage to the vehicles.