toxic shock syndrome

toxic shock syndrome : staphyloccocal and its origins

1. Toxic Shock Toxic Shock
SyndromeSyndrome
Staphyloccocal
&
Streptococcal Origins

2. What is TSS?
Toxic shock syndrome (commonly
referred to as TSS).
Rare, potentially life threatening
disorder.
Occurs when toxins made by certain
types of bacteria (S.aureus) are
released into the bloodstream.

3. What Causes TSS?
Staphylococcus
Aureus
Bacterium
Clusters
Spherical

4. What is going on in the body?
First described in children in 1978
Experts quickly realized that TSS
happened more often among women
who used super absorbent tampons
during their period.
The moist, humid environment of the
vagina allows the bacteria to grow and
produce high levels of toxins.

5. What are the signs and
Symptoms?
Usually starts suddenly and develops
quickly.
Symptoms may include the following….

6. Signs and Symptoms
Fever
Confusion
Diarrhea
Dizziness or fainting
Headaches
Pelvic Pain
Sore throat

7. More Signs and Symptoms
Sunburn like rash
anywhere on the body,
but usually on the soles
of the hands and feet.
Vomiting
Photophobia-discomfort
looking @ light.
Myalgia-aching muscles
Low blood pressure

8. Causes and Risks
Having recently
delivered a baby.
Recently had surgery
Leaving a diaphragm or
cervical cap in for 36
hrs. Or longer.
Wearing the same
tampon for longer than
8 hours.
Also been reported in
those following nasal
surgery or use of nasal
packing for a nose
bleed. (Rare)

9. Prevention
Alternate tampons with pads every
other day during the heaviest flow.
Avoid or minimize use of
superabsorbant tampons.
Change tampons every 6-8 hrs.
Use pads while sleeping.

10. More Prevention
Wash hands regularly
Change dressings to wounds at least
every day
Keep area clean and dry
Practice aseptic technique

11. How is it diagnosed?
History and Physical
exam
Blood C/X (cultures)
CBC (complete blood
count)
Kidney Function tests
Liver Function tests
Spinal Tap
Throat cultures
U/A (urinalysis)
Vaginal C/X (cultures)
for S. aureus

12. Treatment
Aggressive Therapy
IV Antibiotics
Blood Transfusions
Corticosteroids
Electrolyte
replacements
B/P meds
Ventilator if lungs
are damaged

13. Long Term Effects or those that
increase mortality rate.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
or DIC (uncontrollable bleeding)
About 30% get it again within 3 months
of the first diagnoses.
Irreversible shock
Severe lung damage

14. Survivor
13 y/o
Swimmer
Appeared as a bad
flu or cold
Still having
problems to this day

15. STSS (Streptococcal toxic shock
syndrome)
Same thing as TSS
it’s just an infection
of a surgical wound.
Tissue may become
necrotic and Dr.’s
may need to
perform
debridement
(removal of dead
tissue)

16. Thanks and Have a Great Day!
Sources: Discovery
Health.com
CDC
Kotex.com