Traffic Marshals safety related topic.pptx

Traffic marshals safety

1. Safety Orientation Traffic Marshal’s

2. Important notes Emergency doors in case of emergency Silent or switch off Mobiles Only doctors allowed to keep phone on, as life threatening call might come Is sleepy, if stand. Lavatory, intervals approx. 1 hour time

3. TRANSPORT SAFETY | ROAD SAFETY Health & Safety Law on Traffic Management. Traffic Management. Traffic Risk Assessment. Responsibilities of a Traffic Marshal/Banksman. PPE & Safety Signs. Dangerous Manoeuvres – Reversing. HSE Hand Signals. Assessment. Mahesh Shelote

4. Traffic management on site What you need to do On average, each year, about 7 workers die as a result of accidents involving vehicles or mobile plant on construction sites. A further 93 are seriously injured. The law says that you must organise a construction site so that vehicles and pedestrians using site routes can move around safely. The routes need to be suitable for the persons or vehicles using them, in suitable positions and sufficient in number and size. The term 'vehicles' includes: cars, vans, lorries, low-loaders and mobile plant such as excavators, lift trucks and site dumpers etc. Traffic marshalls   work on construction sites and roadways to ensure the safe movement of large vehicles . They are responsible for maintaining security on-site, facilitating the movement of vehicles, and preserving public traffic routes . .

5. How do I become a traffic marshal? Excellent knowledge of health and safety procedures. Good awareness of environment. Assertiveness. Attention to detail. Clear and confident communication skills. Ability to communicate using complex hand signals. Good fitness levels. Duties. Directing traffic. Traffic accident management. Public education. Monitoring the roadways for potential risks and areas of improvement. Completing reports on traffic statistics Ensuring road signs are where they should be. Community Roles. Maintaining visibility. Helping with roadside issues.

6. The causes of road accidents Behavior & attitude account for 96% in the main causes of car accidents. India ranks first in the number of road accident deaths across the 199 countries and accounts for almost 11% of the accident related deaths in the World.

7. Speed On all types of road network, including motorways, speed is a factor in 50% of fatal accidents (inappropriate speed in circumstances such as bad weather, heavy traffic, etc., or speed beyond authorized limits). The link between speed and accidents has been proven the world over – when average speeds are reduced by just 1 km/h, the number of deaths falls by 4%. Stopping distance increases with speed. There are two reasons for this: The distance traveled during the driver’s reaction time (which is always around one second) increases. Before he even brakes, therefore, he will have traveled 14 m at 50 km/h, 25 m at 90 km/h and 36 m at 130 km/h. Then there is the braking distance, which is longer the higher the speed and the heavier the vehicle.

8. Driving becomes more difficult: the driver must assimilate a great deal of information and complete several tasks in a shorter period of time. The resulting stress increases fatigue and reduces alertness. The driver has ‘tunnel vision’: his field of vision, which is 100° at 40 km/h, is limited to 30° at 130 km/h. Visual acuteness diminishes with speed. At 72 km/h, acuteness is no more than 5/10 for the average person. The probability of being killed increases as speed on impact rises:   – 15% at 30 km/h   – 30% at 40 km/h   – 60% at 50 km/h   – 85% at 60 km/h

9. Alcohol The effects of alcohol become apparent even at low doses:- between 0.3 and 0.5 g/l of blood:- Feeling of euphoria develops. The driver takes risks he would not otherwise have taken Slightly blurred vision – inability to judge distances, lateral vision impeded between 0.5 and 0.8 g/l of blood:- Reaction times lengthen Blurred lateral vision – driver has difficulty seeing road signs and pedestrians waiting to cross more than 0.8 g/l of blood:- Less able to make decisions and adapt driving to circumstances Begins to lose ability to co-ordinate and synchronize movement The risk of a fatal accident is multiplied by:- 2      at   0.5 g of alcohol per litre of blood 10      at   0.8 g of alcohol per litre of blood 35      at   1.2 g of alcohol per litre of blood 80      at  2.0 g of alcohol per liter of blood

10. Drowsiness: The effect of the following factors is widely acknowledged: regular and monotonous background noise has a soporific effect too high a temperature inside the vehicle reduces alertness darkness encourages drowsiness (whereas strong light heightens alertness) a heavy meal with alcohol induces drowsiness alcohol encourages sleep certain drugs can temporarily impair driving ability

11. Mobile phones Telephoning while driving clearly increases ‘brain strain’, which in turn increases the risk of accidents. In the United States, the accident rate was found to double in vehicles fitted with telephones. In Canada, the risk of accidents increases fourfold where telephones are used. The following factors show that the driver is distracted:- he takes longer to react to unanticipated events. the vehicle tends to drift or swerve. he instinctively slows down, which can be dangerous in heavy traffic. there is a change in the driver’s visual behavior (he fixes his gaze on a point immediately in front of him, and his field of vision is narrowed). (Note that 90% of the information required for driving is assimilated visually). These harmful effects have been observed even where ‘hands free’ mobiles are used.

12. Seat belts Where seat belts are used, the number of deaths among drivers is halved, while passenger deaths are three times less likely It is six times more dangerous to be thrown from a vehicle than restrained by the seat belt Fire is not a common occurrence (1 in 3,000 cases), and rarely breaks out immediately In France, 120 rear passengers die every year through not wearing seat belts. In addition, 40 drivers and front seat passengers are killed by a rear passenger being thrown onto them Seat belts are more effective at low speeds (less than 50 km/h) than at very high speeds (more than 130 km/h). It should be noted that the majority of serious accidents occur at impact speeds of between 50 and 80 km/h The following should therefore be borne in mind: a collision at 50 km/h has the same effect as falling from the fourth floor of a building even in low impact accidents (30 km/h), the driver cannot hang on to the steering wheel because he is subject to such force that his weight is multiplied by 4 or 5

13. Core Requirements:- Before setting out, the driver must check the condition of the vehicle. Vehicle must not be overloaded. Drivers and occupants of vehicles must use seat belts where installed and motor cyclists must wear safety helmets. Drivers must steer clear of alcohol and drugs. Speed limits must be strictly complied with. At-work driving injuries and vehicle accidents must be reported.

14. Recommendations Recommendations for Management. Recommendations for drivers. General recommendations. Specific recommendations for car or lorry drivers. Specific recommendations for users of two-wheeled vehicles. Recommendations for vehicle safety. Recommendations when you come across a road accident.

15. Recommendations for management:- It is the duty of the management to set an example and to address    the road safety issue at meetings with their teams Local management should: develop a policy for company vehicles and hire vehicles. Establish clear driver and vehicle safety objectives. Take vehicle safety into account in the recruitment process. Offer their employees appropriate training. Ensure that all incidents, even the minor ones, are reported and communicated and accident analysis are carried out. Ensure that corrective measures are implemented.

16. Recommendations for driver:- Bear in mind the journey time. Plan the route. Ensure that the mirrors are in the correct position. Check that headrests are adjusted. Check the fuel gauge. Test braking performance during the first kilometers.

17. Adjust the speed:- Where there are no limits, take account of the need to retain control of the vehicle, and the need to make an emergency stop if necessary. Adjust the speed according to driving conditions. Speed is contagious. Be aware of the dangerous ‘knock-on’ effect of a stream of fast cars on the road.

18. Think ahead:- Look ahead to where your vehicle will be 15 seconds or more from now. Look around to identify any problems or incidents before they arise. Allow a ‘two-second distance’ between your car and the vehicle ahead. Add one second to this if the road is wet, in heavy traffic, or if the vehicle behind is too close. When slowing down, use the vehicle warning lights to alert those behind. If the flow of traffic comes to a standstill, left a 2 to 3 meter gap with the vehicle ahead. Don’t put your vehicle in neutral until it is sure than there is no danger from the traffic behind.

19. When approaching a high-risk stretch of road or whenever visibility is reduced, place your foot over the brake. Position also one finger over the horn . Allow a safety margin when approaching a bend. Concentrate on possible ways of avoiding an obstacle. Ensure that you are seen and understood to avoid errors of interpretation. Attempt to foresee the movements and errors of other people. Pay particular attention to the following situations: Parked cars. Children playing on the pavement. Heavily laden vehicles. A slow vehicle on the other side of the road.

20. Stay alert:- Do not begin to drive if not rested. Do not drink excessive amounts of coffee. Avoid heavy meals. Drink plenty in extreme heat. Do not drive after taking drugs which may cause drowsiness. Do not drive while eating, smoking, reading, or adjusting the radio or cassette/CD player. Take breaks every 2 hours. Stop at the first signs of fatigue. Avoid as far as feasible long and/or night drives.

21. Avoid to use a mobile phone:- Turn off the phone when driving. Switch on the voicemail facility. Stop in an appropriate place to make a call or listen to messages. As a minimum, use only hands-free mobile phone installation while driving

22. Be attentive to others:- Pay particular attention to other vehicles and pedestrians. Be mindful of any risks behind you by checking the mirror regularly. Remain calm and courteous at all times.

23. Railway crossing:- Be extremely careful, the train is always stronger… Never cross when the right light is on or the gate bar is closed!

24. Park safely:- Park your vehicle so that it is facing the way of exit. When vehicle is not in use, locked it and secured in low gear and with the parking brake. Never leave the car running and unattended or unlocked when parked. Recommended equipment:- A mobile phone. A torch and spare batteries. A first aid kit. A dry chemical fire extinguisher. A tin of bulbs and spare fuses. A rescue blanket. Pen and paper.

25. Use a vehicle in good condition:- Maintain your vehicle properly at all time by routine inspection and maintenance. Carried out a thorough overhaul at least once a year, with particular attention paid to the tyres , the brakes and the lights. Panniers at the back are preferable to one large bag. Use a a hard top box when carrying a heavy load.

26. Recommendations when you come across a road accident:- Do not endanger yourself Remain calm, but act quickly and effectively Park correctly, away from the accident. If safe to do so, switch off the ignition in the damaged vehicle and put the hand brake on. Warn other drivers Put your hazard lamps on. At night, use your headlights to light up the vehicles involved. Signal the accident 150 metres before and after. At night, if possible, get someone to warn other drivers using signals Call the emergency services Alert the emergency services (fire brigade, police) Provide the following information Give them the number of the phone you are calling from the location of the accident and the direction of traffic the number and type of vehicles involved the number of victims and what state they appear to be in any particular risks: hazardous materials, fire risk, etc.

27. Offer assistance Speak to the injured person(s) Cover the casualty Remove any foreign bodies from the casualty mouth Loosen the casualty’s clothing Turn the casualty onto the left side with the right knee bent, with the head supported and with the mouth facing the ground (recovery position) If the casualty is in danger and must be moved: Do not pull him/her by his/her limbs Do not twist the spinal column (the head, neck and   body must remain rigid and in line) Administer first aid if you have been trained to do so Do not Give an injured person anything to drink Remove the victim’s helmet

28. Safe movement of vehicles in the workplace Work-transport related accidents are alerting increasing in workplaces that lead to either fatalities or serious injuries to the workers. Significant damages to the plant, equipment, infrastructure, and other properties also happen due to vehicle accidents so TRANSPORT SAFETY very important.

29. Workplace transport: Road traffic laws cover associated risk for vehicles driven on public roads in more details then general health and safety law so that the vehicles that are driven on public roads are not usually classified as workplace transport. In some cases, public roads can be considered as temporary workplace when the vehicle is being loaded or unloaded on a public roads adjacent to a workplace.

30. Hazards and risk - transport operations: Hazards may arise from Loss of control due to mechanical failure or environmental reasons Overturning –laterally or longitudinally Collisions with other vehicles Collisions with pedestrians and fixed objects Driver (human error) error/failure may cause or compound each of these hazards Discussed below are the hazards and risks that happen due to vehicle movement at the workplace.

31. Typical hazards relating to vehicle movement accident by transport at the workplace can happen due to several reasons. the carelessness of the driver, harsh driving errors, workplace infrastructure that restricts free vehicular movements, lack of warning signals or direction sings while taking a reverse or changing directions, mechanical failures in machines and environmental factors.in addition, risks related to automobile motion include the following:

32. Driving too fast Hazards due to driving too fast are typically connected to driver errors. Drivers may drive a vehicle too fast for the following reasons. To finish the work within a limited time Work pressure Aiming at incentives by doing the work quickly and performing additional works during the time allotted To get back home early from work The inexperience of the driver.

33. The impacts of driving too fast are aggravated by movements such as the following Taking sharp turn especially around bends on roads Steering away to avoid obstacles on the road Unequal ground level Sloping surfaces around bends This unusual movement may cause the loads to relocate, overturn the vehicle or skid away from the vehicle‘s path.

34. Reversing Reversing:  Reversing accidents results in several hazards such a loss of injuries, damages to vehicle, equipment and premise collision due to reversing vehicle occurs when Field of vision of the driver to the rear of the vehicle is limit. The absence of rear-vision devices. Lack of reversing alarm to warn workers in proximity to the reversing vehicle. Incompetency of the drivers. Avoid reversing using the one-way system, drive through system and roundabout.

35. If reversing cannot be avoided: Create longitudinal guides or Latrell white lines on the ground to reverse and position the vehicles with ease. Enhance and transform the existing reversing areas. Ensure that there is adequate space for reversing. Always ensure reversing is free from obstructions. Equip fixed mirrors and other visibility aids to enhance visibility around the vehicle. Seek assistance from a trained banksman if required. Install aids like CCTV and reversing sensors in the vehicle to effortlessly reverse the vehicle.

36. Banksman Banksman is the common term used for a vehicle reversing assistant. Banksman guides and signals the driver to accurately position /and access the vehicles. Banksman is mostly employed during the loading and unloading process. Following things should be considered while employing banksman Banksman should wear suitable high-visibility clothing. Should be taught to place themselves in a safe position during vehicle reversing. The driver must be the instructed to stop the vehicle immediately if the banksman disappears from view.

37. Silent operation of machinery A  vehicle that operates silently may also pose a certain hazard to the pedestrians. The pedestrians may not hear the movement of such vehicles in time to avoid an impact. Not only automobile engines but also auxiliary machinery and devices such as loaders, cranes, and refrigeration plant etc. may also pose the same threat on pedestrians. The situation may worsen if the workers are wearing ear muffs are working in the heavy nose area.

38. Case in point A silently operating for-lift truck that brings materials to the workplace where pedestrians and vehicle work together hits workers who crossed its path with delivery parcels in hands. Poor visibility The driver’s vision may be obstructed mainly by the loads placed on the vehicle.it may be difficult for the driver to look around the loads at the pedestrians or other obstructions on the road to avoid impact. Other occasions that obstruct the driver’s vision and lead to a hazards are given below: The height of the drivers above the road may make it difficult or the driver to stop down and look for obstruction of pedestrians. Environmental conditions like fog, mist, dust, snow, rain etc. May present an unclear view ahead. Light charging from approaching vehicles directly into the driver’s vision may leave the driver with a momentary blindness. The vehicle moving from brightened area to a dimmer one that leads to poor visibility. Obstructions or objects stacked on the roadside, obstruct the view of the pedestrians to see the approaching vehicle.

39. Clips

40. Overturning Various circumstances may cause a vehicle to overturn. Some of the reasons are listed below, Uneven loading or overloading of the vehicle Unstable loads that move while the vehicle is in motion Turning the corners with excessive speed Obstetricians on the road Driving on the sloppy region or close to edges and embankments Inappropriate tire pressure Applying breaks all of a sudden Irregular roads with bumps and hole

41. Collisions with other vehicles, pedestrian, and fixed objects This is an unexpected category where anyone carelessly appearing out of a turn, be it another vehicle and people could encounter a fast-moving vehicle. Moving vehicle may also collide with fixed objects on the road due to environmental conditions. The other factors that result in collisions are as follows, Using same entrance /exit for vehicle and workers Lack of warning signs on the truck of the vehicle Inadequate lighting Poor identification of fixed objects Lack of safe crossing points on roads Poor maintenance of vehicles Excessive speed of vehicles Driver’s unfamiliarity with the site Traffic and congestion

42. Typical Non-movement related hazards The following hazards may also happen while loading and unloading a vehicle, Working at the top of the vehicle to load and unload goods may cause a falling hazard as workers may lose awareness of the edges and fall over. Poor environmental conditions like strong winds may increase the risk of falling while working at heights. Unloading vehicles on sloppy regions cause the risk of slips and rollover hazards. Heavy loads may collapse and fall over the workers causing severe injuries.

43. Loading and Unloading Areas Loading and unloading areas should satisfy the following requirements in order to prevent hazards Carry out loading and unloading activities only at the designated places. Ensure that the area which is meant for loading and unloading activities is free from traffic, pedestrians, potholes, and debris. Make sure that the overhead power cable is at the appropriate distance from the ground and ensure that there is no chance of contacting with live overhead electric lines while undertaking loading and unloading activities. Provision of sanitary, resting and refreshment facilities to comfort the drivers and load man.

44. Loading bay Loading bay so an area of the building which is specifically meant to transferring of good either from vehicles or to vehicles. The vehicle should be prevented from moving during the process of loading and unloading so as to reduce 1.  ‘DRIVEWAY’  incident- this happens when the vehicle moves away from the loading bay unexpectedly during the loading or unloading process. This result in serious consequences situations. 2.  ‘CREEP’  incident- this occurs due to the creation of gaps between the loading bay and the vehicle. This also leads to dangerous situations.

45. Following are the way to prevent vehicles from moving during loading and unloading at loading bays . Use of wheel chocks (I.e. wedges) to avoid accidental movement of vehicles. Equip four-wheel braking systems. Install alarm systems to alert the driver of applying the handbrake. Integrate security systems into the vehicle to avoid unauthorized access. Instruct and  train the driver  about the safe work practices and safe system of work. Loading vehicle safely

46. Securing loads Securing loads using ropes, webbing or chains on a vehicle may present the following hazards: Falling from height- while securing loads the workers had to work on top of the vehicles which may present a risk of falling. Slipping hazards- the vehicle may be contaminated by dirt, oil or other particles split from previous loads, which may present slip hazards. Weather conditions- poor environmental factor may present a risk of slipping and falling while securing loads on heights. Manual handling hazards- it takes considerable effort to secure the loads to vehicles which may lead to a risk of strains and body pains. Falling object hazard- during the securing process unstable loads may move or roll over and fall from the height workers.

47. Sheeting The process of protecting the loads on vehicle top with a sheet or net presents the hazards similar to that of the securing process. Manually rolling the sheet over the loads present manual handling hazards and working on top of vehicles presents slipping and falling hazards. Coupling Vehicles when connected to trailers or other towed devices can present hazards like hitting, crushing and running over while on the move. When the jaws involved in coupling are not locked properly the trailer may lead to vehicle runaway or trailer rollaway situations which may cause serious injuries to the drivers or other people around.

48. Vehicle maintenance work Numerous hazards are associated with vehicle maintenance work. All vehicles are subject to wear and tear and unless maintained at regular intervals, this wear and tear will eventually result in unsafe vehicles and vehicle breakdowns.

49. Safe site Suitability of traffic routes The roads and footways must be suitable for all the vehicular types used within the work site. This means that the workplace must be suitable even for the large vehicle to turn around corners and there must be enough space for vehicle reversing.

50. Such careful design and construction of workplace can reduce the risk considerably. Some general principles of the safe site are listed below: Enough space must be there to accommodate the traffic entering and leaving the worksite Separate entrance and exit for vehicles and pedestrians. Pedestrians must strictly be warned not to access the vehicular path. Zebra crossing must be located for pedestrians crossing. The suitable barrier must be installed to indicate danger spots. Warning systems or alarms should be placed at the entrance, exit, and crossing to warn the pedestrians about vehicle entering the site. Sufficient lighting should be provided on the traffic routes for clear visibility Consideration should be given to vehicle weight and height restriction on routes- signs, barriers and weight checks may be necessary. Traffic routes should be clear of obstruction, damages, pit etc. Traffic routes must clearly be marked and signed, including directional information, one way systems, speed limits and other factors necessary for road safety. Marking of storage area and clear direction sign can avoid unnecessary impacts, especially while reversing Traffic management system should be in place to control the movement of vehicles. The vehicle path should not lie close to:- dangerous items such as chemicals and explosives, unprotected edges from which a vehicle may fall, unprotected feature such as scaffolds which may collapse and present a threat if accidentally hit by the vehicle. As traffic also includes the pedestrians, consideration should be given to the people working at the site, the job being carried out and the equipment they might use. Large vehicle and vehicles with drawbar trailers may need a wider area to take a turn so the site should be designed to provide sufficient area to turn safely.

51. Management of vehicle movements Delivery management- to prevent too many vehicles arriving for deliveries at the same time Visiting driver management- visiting drivers may be made aware of the side rules, welfare facilities and workplace layout so that they may act by the principles of the worksite and may know the routes to the place they need to go. Organized vehicle managements- loading and Unloading process can take place after the pedestrians enter/exit the work site at the start and finish of work. Restricting vehicle reversing wherever possible- a one-way system can be adopted. Turning management- allot large area a turning point to allow larger vehicles to turn and drive forward without reversing. Authorized reversing assistant/ signaler can be employed to assist with vehicle reversing when safe reversing is not effective

52. Rules and procedure related to vehicles movement: Speed limit signs Traffic slowing measures- speed bumps and rumps Signs indicating the direction of travel Area of loading and unloading must clearly be marked Clear marked location for parking vehicles. Systems for inspection and maintenance of vehicles must be carried out on a regular basis.

53. Preventing vehicles from overturning Avoid overloading the vehicles. Plan out suitable routes to avoid driving on step slopes uneven or slippery surfaces, curbs, and sharp turns. Ensure that the vehicles only are driven on the surface they are designed for The speed of the vehicle should be based upon the task, load, and ground conditions. Ensure even distribution of loads across the whole vehicle. Carry out periodic inspection and regular maintenance of the vehicles. Make sure that the persons operating the vehicle is competent and skilled.

54. Environment considerations Good lighting facilities either natural or artificial. Maintaining a suitable standard of lighting to enable safe work activities. Avoid area of glare or shadow to see a person or vehicle clearly. Maintain the light level within and outside the work area, as for as possible. Gradients such as ramps may pose specific hazards to the plant and vehicles operation. According to the loading and the wheelbase the vehicles have their own limit of stability. So when vehicles encounter a rump chance of overturning are high. This condition could be reduced by, Avoid step gradients Gradients should be as gentle as possible Rump and gradients should be clearly marked. Changes in level also present a risk overturning. There is also a risk of falling at edges there for proper barrier should be provided at edges. Loads may become unstable when the level changes from normal to a sloppy one. So care must be taken in loading and Unloading of vehicles.

55. The surface condition  Sometimes the surface may be slippery and vehicles may not break effectively in such surfaces. For the vehicles to pass without difficulty, Proper drainage system must be provided for the contaminant to escape through it Regular cleaning of the surface. Floor condition should be kept clean of spills, litter, snow, and ice

56. Segregating of pedestrians and vehicles Vehicle delivery routes must always be segregated from those accessed by the pedestrians. Wherever possible physically segregated the pathways of vehicles from pedestrians. Meshed handrails, doors, barriers, and fencing could be used to separate the vehicle pathways from the pedestrians pathway. Constructing raised pedestrian walkway for pedestrians safety where physical segregation is not possible. Clearly mentioned entrance and exit routes for the general movement of vehicles and parking areas. Providing safe crossing places for pedestrians to cross main traffic routes. The crossing places must be properly marked. Monitoring speed limit of vehicles wherever pedestrians activities are high. Building bridges and subways for pedestrians to use which is more secure than other ways. Vehicle free zone- where only pedestrians move Pedestrians free zones- where only vehicles movement allowed. Preventive measures should be taken when segregation is not practicable

57. barriers Worksites with heavy moving vehicles must consider constructing barriers to separate people from impact with those vehicles. Vulnerable areas may require concrete structures to separate people from direct collision with heavy vehicles. Signs Signs are very much helpful to educate and alert the drivers and pedestrians about the workplace hazards. It should be Marking sign and warnings on vehicle This informs the people and the drivers about the operation, rules and the hazard related to traffic and their routes.

58. Site rules The pedestrians and driver also have to follow site rules properly. Drivers must make sure there is no presence of pedestrians before making a turn or a reverse. They must learn to use audible alarms whenever necessary. Speed limits The speed limit is determined based on the type of vehicle. The speed limit varies for different types of vehicles. The maximum speed limit of the vehicle is normally set by the local government.

59. It is usually ineffective to set the same speed limit throughout the whole site. Speed limits need to be appropriate for: Road surface Type of load The layout of the route Hazards on the way Work that is carried on or clear the route

60. Parking Parking area should Be clearly signposted and well lit Be firm, level and well drained Be free from obstruction Ensure clear visibility from all concerns Ensure pedestrians and vehicles are kept apart Safe parking Remember the following key things for safe parking: Break On Engine Off Key Out Equipment Safe

61. Parking on a slope There are some safety precautions to be considered for parking a vehicle on a slope . Use wheel chocks Apply hand breaks Leave vehicle in gear ( if it is safe to do so ) Ensure that the parked vehicle facing up or down the slope, not sideways on. Overhead power lines Direct contact or indirect contact with overhead power lines lead to serious injuries and in some cases even to death. To prevent vehicles from coming into contact with overhead lines, it is always better to avoid working near the overhead line.

62. If there is no alternative, work can be carried out in close proximity to live overhead lines with appropriate control measures. Following control measures should be adopted if a vehicle makes contact with overhead power lines Always wear pipes Leave the vehicle by jumping as soon as possible Never the touch the metallic part of the vehicle body Make sure no one else comes into contact with the vehicle Immediately contact the local electricity supplier to shut off the power

63. Members of the public Members of the public are unaware of workplace hazards. To safeguard the members of the public, following things to be considered Provision of separate with appropriate path or route to segregate visitors from vehicle traffic and work activities. Direct the visitors with appropriate signs and symbols. Ensure that the place they want to go place as close as the possible e.g. shop, toilets, refreshments areas.

64. Safe vehicle Following are the factors that need to be addressed to make sure that a vehicle is risk-free. Suitable vehicle Maintenance/ repair of vehicles Visibility from vehicles/ reversing aids Driver protection and restraint systems