Translation

Through this presentation , you'll come to know:-
1. WHAT IS TRANSLATION ?
2. WHY TRANSLATION ?
3. WHAT IS GOOD TRANSLATION ?
4. KINDS OF TRANSLATION
5. CHALLENGES OF TRANSLATION

1. TRANSLATION

2. CONTENTS WHAT IS TRANSLATION ? WHY TRANSLATION ? WHAT IS GOOD TRANSLATION ? KINDS OF TRANSLATION CHALLENGES OF TRANSLATION

3. WHAT IS TRANSLATION ? The skilful art of re-creating an equivalent message of a work of art originally created in one language in another language.

4. To “affect” larger audiences . Promoting mother tongues . Reviving dead/dying languages . Historical changes in languages . WHY TRANSLATION ?

5. A GOOD TRANSLATOR Bilingual , bicultural proficiency . Transparency in grammar , syntax and idiom . Thorough perception of the text / content . Loyalty to emotion , style . Artistic correspondence . Fidelity to detail and faithfulness to text . Aesthetic matching the original .

6. KINDS OF TRANSLATION SOURCE LANGUAGE EMPHASIS TARGET LANGUAGE EMPHASIS WORD –FOR-WORD LITERAL FAITHFUL SEMANTIC ADAPTATION FREE/DYNAMIC IDIOMATIC LITERARY

7. DISASTERS OF MACHINE TRANSLATION

8. TRANSLATION–SOME CHALLENGES Linguistic untranslatability . Cultural untranslatability . Source text . Ambiguities . Time , effort and expenditure .

9. CHALLENGES OF TRANSLATION != LEXICAL != STRUCTURAL != CULTURAL != ETHICAL != POLITICAL != AMBIGUITY

10. LANGUAGE WORD LANGUAGE WORD ENGLISH TRANSLATION DUTCH vertaling URDU ترجمہ FILIPINO Pagsasalin HINDI अनुवाद FRENCH traduction ALBANIAN Përkthim GERMAN Übersetzung ARABIC ترجمة GREEK μετάφραση BULGARIAN превод GUJRATI અનુવાદ CHINESE 翻译 IRISH aistriúchán JAPANESE 翻訳 KANNADA ಅನುವಾದ PERSIAN ترجمه PUNJABI ਅਨੁਵਾਦ TAMIL மொழிபெயர்ப்பு RUSSIAN перевод SPANISH traducción ZULU ukuhumusha

11. FACTS OF TRANSLATION ? Living languages in the world – 6912 . Languages spoken in INDIA – about 1600 . Language with the most words: ENGLISH (approx. 250,000 distinct words ) . Language with the fewest words: TAKI TAKI , also called SRANAN (only 340 words ) .

12. THANK YOU