Triage in Hospital Emergency Rooms grp 9.pptx

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1. "Triage in Hospital Emergency Rooms”: Problem Solving with Data Structures and Algorithms Analyzing how DSA principles can optimize emergency care. Group 9 : AKSHAY :7 ANU: JAINITHISH HEM KISHORRE PRASAD: ARCHISH :18

2. Introduction to Triage Triage is the process of prioritizing patients based on the severity of their condition to provide timely and efficient care in emergency rooms. Why is Triage Important? : To manage the flow of patients. To ensure critical cases are treated first. Challenge : Limited resources (doctors, beds) require optimal patient scheduling and management.

3. How Triage Works in ERs Steps in Triage : Initial Assessment of patients. Categorization into levels (Immediate, Urgent, Non-Urgent). Resource Allocation (doctor availability, room assignment). Continuous Reassessment. Key Problem : Efficient patient prioritization and handling the queue effectively.

4. Using DSA to Solve Triage Problems

5. Data structures Explained Queue : How patients are handled in First-In-First-Out order. Applicable when no patient requires immediate intervention. Priority Queue : Uses a heap to ensure the highest priority (critical) patient is always treated first. Linked List : Dynamically updates the list as patients come in or conditions change.

6. Algorithm Explained Greedy Algorithm A greedy algorithm is like making a decision by picking the option that seems best right now , without worrying too much about the future. It's about taking the quickest win at each step. Example: the hospital emergency room is crowded with patients, and there are only a few doctors available. The hospital wants to make sure the most critical patients are treated first. The hospital staff always assigns the first available doctor to the most urgent patient (e.g., someone having a heart attack) without considering future patients or less severe cases. Each time a doctor finishes, they are assigned to the next most critical patient waiting. This process prioritizes immediate needs but doesn’t think ahead about how many doctors or resources will be left for other patients later. It works well in situations were taking care of urgent cases first is the most important thing

7. Algorithm Explained Binary search Binary search is an efficient algorithm used to find a target value within a sorted array or list by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half. The algorithm compares the target value to the middle element of the array: If the middle element matches the target, the search is complete. If the target is smaller than the middle element, the search continues in the left half. If the target is larger, it continues in the right half. This process is repeated until the target is found or the search range is empty.

8. Algorithm Explained Binary search Example: the hospital system has a sorted list of patient IDs or names in alphabetical order. When a doctor or nurse needs to quickly access a patient's medical record, they can use binary search to find the patient's file without going through each one. Step-by-Step in the ER: The system has a list of patient IDs sorted alphabetically or by arrival time. The nurse needs to find Krishna’s file. The system checks the middle entry in the sorted list of patient IDs. If Krishna's ID comes after the middle entry, it focuses on the second half. If it comes before, it focuses on the first half. The system keeps narrowing down the search until it finds Krishna's record.

9. Flow of Triage in Hospital Emergency Room