Trichuris trichura(whip-worm)

microbiology parasitolohy

1. TRICHURIS TRICHURA “ WHIP-WORM” PRESENTED BY: Man Bdr . Rana BPH 1 st sem 2074 ACAS,Nepal

2. Morphology of Adult worms : 50 mm long with a slender anterior and a thicker posterior end . Male is smaller and has a coiled posterior end

3. Morphology of eggs : Eggs in stool. Size 50-54 micro meter by 22-23 micro meter . Shape is a typical barrel. Color is yellow brown (unstained two polar plugs). Shell quite thick. Contains unembryonated eggs .

4. LIFE CYCLE :

5. LIFE CYCLE :

6. PATHOGENESIS : Humans sole host. Transmission : fecal-oral via embryonated ova Frequently coexists with ascaris Reservoir : Mainly human , other possible but host specificity not well documented. Pathogenic potential: Low to moderate,dependent on worm numbers and location in large intestine Entirely intraluminal life cycle – eggs are ingested.

7. Eggs hatch in intestines , larvae attach , and develops into adults . Females lay 3000-5000 eggs daily. Worms can pierce capillaries , cause localized hemorrhage and allow bacteria to leave intestine.

8. CLINICAL FEATURES : Frequently asymptomatic. Clinical sign and symptoms – adult worms (pathogenic stage) Dependent on no. of worms none to digestive disturbances , bloody (frank) mucoid dirrhoea , abdominal pain distention, rectal prolapse , and weakness. Severe infections : Tenesmus and rectal prolapse in children Can be fatal in children Rarely, elephantiasis in adult.

9. Trichuris trichura in large intestine. Many worms are present, each with its anerior end embedded in the intestinal mucosa, resulting in the erythema .

10. LAB- DIAGNOSIS: Stool : Direct examination (iodine satin). Eggs. Rarely adult worms. Blood: eosinophilia Histopathology of the intestinal mucosa PCR

11. IMAGING : X-Rays Abdomen : Plain With contrast/dye CT Scan

12. TREATMENT AND PREVENTION Albindazole 400mg once. Mebendazole 100mg BD for 3 days. (600 mg repeated after 2 weeks) Pay attention to personal hygiene and eating habits.