Tulsi (ocimum sanctum) .pptx

Tulsi is called the queen of all herbs, it is used widely in Ayurvedic and naturopathic medicines which helps in the healing of the human body in a natural manner. Not only do Tulsi leaves benefit people, but their flowers too. Tulsi can help you get rid of many health problems ranging from fever to kidney stones.

Vikas Chawla, Ayurveda expert, founder and director, Vedas Cure added that Rama tulsi is regarded as a supreme medicinal panacea in Hinduism and is famously used for religious occasions and festive rituals. “Krishna tulsi, also called purple basil leaf, is less frequently used but has several medicinal properties, too.

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1. RAJMATA VIJAYRAJE SCINDIA KRISHI VISHWA VIDYALAYA GWALIOR B.M.college of agriculture Khandwa Subject:- Production Technology for Ornamental Crops, MAP and Landscaping ( HRT-221) Topic :- PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF ocimum Submitted to :- Dr. Smita Agrawal Dept.of Horticulture Submitted By :- Tushar D ahare

2. Introduction Tulsi is considered to be a medicinal aromatic perennial plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Scientific classification :- Botanical Name :-   Ocimum tenuiflorum or ocimum sanctum FAMILY : Lamiaceae ORDER : Lamiales GENUS : Ocimum sPECIES : O. tenuiflorum The plant is distributed and cultivated throughout India.

3. Parts Of Tulsi Plant

4. Soil requirement for tulsi cultivation Fertile soil with high organic content and having better draining properties is preferred for Tulsi cultivation . The pH range of the soil should be 4.3 to 8.2 . The type of soils suitable for basil or tulsi cultivation is rich loam, poor laterite, saline, and alkaline soil . Too much alkalinity or salinity in the soil has to be avoided.

5. The climate required for Tulsi farming This plants need a warm climate for growth, especially the climatic condition of sub-tropical regions are considered most suitable for Tulsi . The germination of Tulsi seeds needs a temperature of 20°C and during the growing period of the plant, it needs an average temperature of 7 to 27°C . It is observed that the plant is susceptible to frost and cold climate; it grows really well under full sun conditions . The Tulsi plant can also be cultivated or grown in shady conditions, but such plants produce leaves with low oil content.

6. Soil/land preparation for Tulsi cultivation It is always advisable to test the soil before starting the cultivation process so as to understand the requirements of the soil during farming . The land selected for Tulsi farming has to be brought to a fine Tilth and should be supplied with a recommended basal dose of fertilizers . To prepare the soil many techniques can be used such as ripping ,ploughing, harrowing, etc . Organic manure is also supplied to the soil at the time of preparation

7. Propagation techniques of tulsi plants Tulsi plant can be propagated either by seeds or by plant cuttings.Seed propagation is done by sowing them in suitably created nursery beds . The nursery beds have to be in a partial shade region with a sufficient supply of water . Germination of seeds starts in 8 to 12 days . The terminal cuttings are used for propagating the Tulsi plants vegetatively . This is generally done in the month of October-December . It takes 4-6 weeks for the cutting to root into the soil.

8. Main varieties of tulsi in india 1 Rama tulsi : Rama tulsi is also known as Sri or Lakshmi Tulsi , Ocimum sanctum, and green leaf tulsi (Basil).The Rama tulsi emits a strong aroma from its every part.Rama Tulsi is widely famous for its cooling taste .

9. 2 Krishna Tulsi :- It is said that Krishna Tulsi got its name because of the purple leaves.it is hard to find in comparison to the other types of tulsi . Purple leaf tulsi is also used to treat throat infections, respiratory system, nasal infection, and skin diseases.

10. 3 Vana TulsiI :- Vana tulsi is native to India, Sri Lanka, Java and the northern and eastern parts of Africa.It can grow up to 2m high with highly aromatic and slightly hairy green leaves.The strong antioxidant activity of Vana Tulsi slows down the ageing process.Kapoor Tulsi or Heavy Flowered BasilThis type of Tulsi has garnished its name due to the sweet fragrance that can keep insects and mosquitoes at bay .

11. 4 Kapoor Tulsi Kapoor tulsi is short in terms of heights and gets the most number of flowers among all different types of the tulsi plant.Use of Kapoor Tulsi can help in the treatment of bronchitis, malaria, etc

12. Planting methods of Tulsi The seedlings that have grown in the nursery for almost 6 weeks should be obtained and transplanted into the main area . The minimum plant spacing recommended for tulsi farming is 15 to 30 cm and width of each row has to be maintained at 50cm to 1m . Commercial cultivation of Tulsi is assumed to have a planting density of 60,000 to 90,000 plants per hectare . Direct seeding on the farm area can also be practised with a planting depth of 3 to 6mm and with spacing between seeds is maintained around 5cm . Light irrigation has to be provided immediately to the seedlings.

13. MANURE AND FERTILIZER REQUIREMENT FOR GROWING TULSI Tulsi needs proper nutrition frequently for proper growth . FYM @ 10 tonnes /ha. Is supplied to the soil before planting seedlings . The recommended dose of fertilizers required for the plants is 120kg of N, 60kg of P203 and k2o per hectare . The plant also need micronutrients so as to help increase the oil content in the leaves . The two main micronutrient needed by plants are cobalt and manganese@50 and 100ppm respectively . Fertilizing the plants moderately will produce good quality leaves.

14. Medicinal uses of tulsi 1 Medicinal uses of Tulsi leaves Leaf extract is effective to treat skin disorders Dried leaf powder is used for brushing teeth In the preparation of toothpaste for dental health Tulsi leaves is used for relief from cough and cold . In respiratory disorders like Infuenza are treated with leaf extract .

15. 2 Medicinal uses of tulsi roots Malaria feverReleive from insect pain and sting bites Fresh roots are made into a paste and applied to areas where leaches or insects bite . Tulsi may keep hair and skin healthy . 3 Medicinal uses of Tulsi seeds Good anti-oxidant It also posseses anti ulcer, anti diarrheal properties Tulsi seeds as a condiment in food

16. Irrigation needs for growing Tulsi Regular irrigation or rain is definitely required by the plants throughout the entire growing period . Irrigation should be provided through sprinklers or drip irrigation system . A drip system of irrigation helps prevents foliar diseases in the plants . Water has to be provided to the plants based on the season and soil condition. No irrigation is provided in the rainy months . On average the plants may require 12 to 15 irrigation cycles throughout the year.

17. Plant protection measures or Tulsi plant care Tulsi plant is not prone to serious pests and diseases, but some commonly occuring pests are beetles, slugs, leaf miners, caterpillars, grasshoppers, etc . The control measures recommended during Tulsi farming to avoid the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases are :- ➤ Always try and use natural pest control measures . ➤ Monitor the crops regularly . ➤ Use organic control options like mulch, insecticidal soaps, plant extracts, traps, water spray, vacuuming, hand picking, etc . ➤ Remove and destroy the diseased parts of the plants as and when observed.

18. Harvesting of tulsi Tulsi crop will be ready for the first harvest after 3 months of planting . This crop should be harvested at full bloom stage . Extreme care is needed while harvesting tulsi so as to avoid contamination at this stage . Sterlize the equipment an use it for harvesting and also the collecting bins or basket clean . The time of harvest is an important factor on which the quality and quantity of production depend . High oil is obtained during sunny days and so harvesting is done during bright sunny days.

19. Intercultural activities of tulsi The time interval between weeding is maintained at 4 weeks and the first one is done one month after the transplanting . As the plants become bushy, no further weeding is required . Weeds can be controlled in either way i.e. mechanical or manual. Some weed control measures are :- ➤ Never allow weeds to form seed in the land ➤ Practice ploughing the land in the night to avoid weed seed germination

20. The yield of tulsi crop Yield in any crop cultivation depends on the crop management practices and soil & cultivar . In tulsi crop, an average yield of 9000 to 14000kg leaves per hectare can be achieved . This herb also contains Oil (about 0.2 %). Expected essential oil average yield could be about 10 to 25 per hectare . The flower produced per hectare of land are around 3-4 tonnes .

21. Post harvest management of tulsi crop Handling the leaves or produce after the harvest decides the end quality of the aromatic substance.Leaves are washed and cleaned throughly after harvest . The weeds and extraneous material are removed from the leaves or herbage . The harvest is then allowed to wilt for almost 2 to 4 days (at 40°C) such that the moisture content and bulkiness are lowered . Hydro-distillation or steam distillation is done to obtain the oil from the young inflorescence or the whole herb.

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