TURBO SHAFT ENGINE

The principle,working and differentiation of turbo shaft engine from other jet engines.

1. TURBOSHAFT ENGINE Presented by THIRUMALVALAVAN B.TECH-AEROSPACE AMITY UNIVERSITY 2013-2017

2. A  turboshaft  engine is a form of  gas turbine  which is optimized to produce shaft  power  rather than  jet thrust . Turboshaft engines are very similar to  turbojets and turboprop. Turboshaft engines are commonly used in applications that require a sustained high power output, high reliability, small size, and light weight. These include helicopters,  auxil i ary power units,   boats  and ships, tanks, hovercraft, and stationary equipment . TURBOSHAFT ENGINE

3. PRINCIPLE All jet engines, which are also called gas turbines, work on the same principle. The engine sucks air in at the front with a fan . The burning gases expand and blast out through the nozzle, at the back of the engine. As the jets of gas shoot backward, the engine and the aircraft are thrust forward. As the hot air is going to the nozzle, it passes through another group of blades called the turbine . The turbine is attached to the same shaft as the compressor. Spinning the turbine causes the compressor to spin .

4. How does the power get from the engine to the rotors? The power is transferred from the engine using a main gearbox which changes the power from the engine and sends it to the transmission. In the transmission RPM is reduced from thousands of RPM to hundreds of RPM. By doing this the torque is increased and the rotation is slowed to an acceptable level for the rotor system. The transmission drives the mast which gives direct rotation to the rotors. Often another shaft will come out of the transmission to directly drive the tail rotor as well. An accessory gearbox mounted on the engine draws little engine power to drive things like the oil pump, the generator and the fuel control for the engine itself.

5. STAGES IN TURBOSHAFT ENGINE Gas compressor: A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. An air compressor is a specific type of gas compressor. Axial flow compressor

6. Combustion chamber : The combustion process increases the internal energy of a gas, which translates into an increase in temperature, pressure, or volume depending on the configuration. For example a  jet engine combustor , the pressure is controlled and the combustion creates an increase in volume. This increase in pressure or volume can be used to do work. If the gas velocity changes, thrust is produced, such as in the nozzle of a rocket engine. Combustion chamber of jet engine

7. Nozzle : A  nozzle  is a device designed to control the direction or characteristics of a fluid flow (especially to increase velocity) as it exits (or enters) an enclosed chamber or pipe. Nozzles are frequently used to control the rate of flow, speed, direction, mass, shape, and/or the pressure of the stream that emerges from them. In nozzle velocity of fluid increases on the expense of its pressure energy.

8. Turbine: A turbine is a turbo machine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.

9. Gear box: A  transmission  is a machine that consists of a power source and a power transmission system, which provides controlled application of the power. Often the term transmission refers simply to the  gearbox  that uses gears and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a rotating power source to another device.

10. RECENT ACTIVITIES The new GE -8 turbo shaft has completed component tests and is being run as a full unit. The engine will have a five-stage axial flow compressor followed by a last-stage centrifugal. It will have a pressure ratio of 18.6 . The target is for the new turbo shaft to have a 20 percent lower fuel burn and a 30 percent lower maintenance cost . The GE unit will benefit from the military funding in the development of the GE 38 designated for the new US Marine Corps Sikorsky CH-53K Super Stallion helicopter. Tests show that the targets are being met. GE3000 TURBOSHFT ENGINE