Twa flight center at jfk

The design of TWA flight center at JFK

1. HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE TwA flight center At John F Kennedy AIRPORT

2. Eero Saarinen Eero Saarinen was born in 1910 in Finland. He was an American Architect and Product Designer of 20 th century. He was famous for his varying style according to the demand of the project simple, sweeping, arching structural curves. According to Eero Saarinen “The purpose of Architecture is to shelter and enhance man’s life on earth and to fulfill his belief in the nobility of his existence.

3. Trans World Airline Terminal Location : John F. Kennedy International Airport, Queens, New York. Area: 17.6 Acres Architectural style : Googie,fantastic , futuristic, Modern and Movement, Expressionistic.

4. TWA Flight Center Location: New York Architect: Eero Saarinen, along with Kevin Roche, Cesar Pelli, Edward Saad and Norman Pettula. Opened the project : 1962. History: Eero Saarinen and his firm won the completion in 1956 to design a terminal that captured “ the spirit of flight”. The form resembles a huge bird with wings spread, preparing for landing. “The fact that to some people it looked like bird in flight was really coincidental.” – Eero Saarinen.

5. Trans World Airlines at JFK Original futuristic design, neo-futurist and fantastic architectural styles. Features thin shell roof, tube – shaped departure/ arrival corridors,expansive windows that highlight departing and arriving jets, strips of skylights seperating the four “wings”. He developed a special curve edged cermamic tile to conform to the shell. Best challenge for the design was allowing for smooth passage through the terminal.

6. Design Concept for the form was derived from the rind of a grapefruit. Biggest challenge of the design was allowing for smooth passage through the terminal. Final solution consisted of creating 4 adjacent shells counterbalancing each other. Final scheme used 3 different sized configurations of curved, diamond shaped shells by 4 curvilinear shaped columns. Countless study models were made to determine the most suitable form.

7. Site Plan Area : 17.6 Acers Building layout

8. Terminal Level One

9. Terminal Level Two

10. Elevation

11. Elevation

12. Sections

13. Structural Design Shell Roof Buttress for support

14. Glass Skylights Glass Curtain Wall Structural Design

15. Reinforced poured in place concrete shell curve inspired by grapefruit. Four diamond shaped shells symmetrical on the East –West axis Roof thickness from 7” to 40” at columns. Cantilevers are extended to eighty feet. The roof's thin concrete shell is built to span a space with a minimum of material. Roof

16. Facade The main portion of the head house's facade is made of large green-tinted glass walls. These glass walls were coated with a dark-purple  mylar  film. Single-story wings extend outward from the main terminal to the north and south, and contain several door openings within the concave walls. Inside these wings are maintenance areas

17. Columns Four curvilinear y-shaped columns of poured in place reinforced concrete. 51’ Tall. 315’ Long. 3’ Thick. Columns

18. Skylights Skylights stretch across the seams seperating the shells. Each shell meets in the center to support each other. Emphasizes the line of the roof and seperation of the vaults.

19. Steel pipe truss curtain wall. Outer arc pulls mullions inward while the mullions hang away from the structure. System relies on the stiffness. Structural glass held in the place by mullionsand hang outwardly. Curtain wall system fills in 'voids‘ between concrete emphasizing the 'lightness‘ of the structure. Curtain Wall

20. Interiors The interiors are dominated by a combination of cool white and warm red, a hue. Framed with round penny tile flooring. The large windows of the restaurants provide a view of planes taking off and landing. A concrete balcony on the upper floor spans the central staircase from the lower floor to the intermediate level.

21. Interior Staircase Though the head house is two stories tall, it contains an intermediate level, joined to the lower level by a central staircase and to the upper level by four peripheral staircases. Ceramic tiles line the walls and floors. A concrete balcony on the upper floor spans the central staircase from the lower floor to the intermediate level. The TWA Flight Center incorporated many innovations upon its completion, including  closed circuit television , a central  public address  system,  baggage carousels , electromechanical  split-flap display  schedule board and baggage scales, and the satellite clustering of gates away from the main terminal. The intermediate level contains an area facing east, where passengers could originally see the tarmac. Staircase

22. Passageways The two passageways leading from the head house are completely enclosed and cross a service roadway. These tubes are covered in concrete, with an elliptical  cross section  as well as indirect lighting. To save money, the passageways did not have moving walkway.

23. Thankyou BY CHAITRA R 3 rd SEM B.Arch RRSA