Tympany

animal disease

1. practical handling of emergency cases like tympany AUTHOR: DR. IHTISHAM UL HAQ

2. TYMPANY / BLOAT Bloat is an overdistention of the ruminoreticulum with the gases of fermentation, either in the form of a persistent foam mixed with the ruminal contents, called primary or frothy bloat, or in the form of free gas separated from the ingesta, called secondary or free-gas bloat. It is predominantly a disorder of cattle but may also be seen in sheep. The susceptibility of individual cattle to bloat varies and is genetically determined.

3. Cont … Death rates as high as 20% are recorded in cattle grazing bloat-prone pasture, and in pastoral areas, the annual mortality rate from bloat in dairy cows may approach 1%. There is also economic loss from depressed milk production in nonfatal cases and from suboptimal use of bloat-prone pastures. Bloat can be a significant cause of mortality in feedlot cattle.

4. ETIOLOGY

5. PRIMARY TYMPANY ETIOLOGY Main cause is feed like leguminess feed, alfalfa, grains, cloves Soluble protein digestion cause foam production and no proper chewing-no chewing so less saliva production- no anti foaming agent because Saliva has anti foaming agent - so gases are entraped in foam- so no gas eliminating and cause bloat.

6. SECONDARY TYMPANY ETIOLOGY It occur as secondary to many diseases No feed is involved For example choking, tympany, milk fever etc

7. DIAGNOSIS

8. Cont…

9. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Anthrax Lightening strike Electrocution Snake bite Enterotoxaemia Black quarter

10. TREATMENT Depend upon type of tympany Primary tympany treatment : 1. There is foam so use anti foaming agents like mineral oil (liquid paraffin - 500-1000ml) or vegetable oil 2. Mustard oil or linseed oil 1-1.5kg- cattle 3. Castor oil for calves( 50-100ml) mix with milk

11. SECONDARY TYMPANY TREATMENT No anti foaming agent Correctprimary cause Trocharization ( trochar + canola) Antihistamine is used to avoid lameness. Sodium bicarbonate. Nux vomica. inj. Mediriol oral or inj blotrayl

12. Trocharization