Type of internet connectivity

1. Type of internet connectivity Rahul kundu 6 th sem, IT

2. contents Introduction Methods of connectivity

3. introduction There are various type of connectivity to get hook on to internet. They all can be broadly classified into following category:- Gateway access Dial up connection Leased connection DSL Cable modem connection VSAT

4. Method of connectivity to internet Gateway access:- Gateway access is also known as level-one connection. It is the access to the internet from a network, which is not on the internet. The gateway allows the 2 different types of networks to “talk” to each other. but the users of the gateway internet have limited access to the internet.

5. They might not be able to use all the tools available on internet. The local internet service provider normally defines this limitation.

6. Dial up connection:- ‘dial up’ connection is also known as level 2 connection. This provides connection to internet through a dial up terminal connection. The computer which provides internet access is known as ‘host’ & the computer that receives the access is ‘client’ or ‘terminal’.

7. The client computer uses modem to access a ‘host’ & acts as if it is a terminal directly connected to that host. 56k modem access is now widely available & supported by most ISPs. It allows user to surf the web at 56 kbps with graphics. So this type of connection is also known as ‘remote modem access’ connection.

8. In dial-up connection to internet host carries all the command that are typed on a client machine & forward them to internet. It also receives the data or information from the internet on behalf of the client & passes it to them. The client computer acts as a ‘dump’ terminal connected to remote host.

9. This type of connection can further be divided into 3 categories:- Shell account- In this type of internet connection the user will get only textural matter of a webpage. This connection doesn’t support graphics display shell account were the only type of internet access available.

10. TCP/IP connection- Today’s graphical WWW browsers provide easier access with multimedia sound & picture. The major difference between shell & TCP/IP account is that , shell account can only display text & doesn’t support graphics display, whereas TCP/IP can display both . ISDN- integrated services digital network offers internet connectivity at speeds of up to 128 kbps through the use of digital phone lines. ISDN is a dial-up service that has been provided by telephone companies for many years.

11. Leased connection :- Leased connection is also known as direct internet access or level 3 connection. It is the secure dedicated & most expensive level of internet connection. With leased connection, your computer is dedicatedly & directly connected to the internet using high speed transmission lines. it is on-line 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

12. DSL connection :- Digital subscriber line (DSL) is a family of technologies that provides digital data transmission over the wires of a local telephone network. DSL originally stood for digital subscriber loop. In telecommunication marketing , the terms DSL is widely understood to mean asymmetric digital subscriber line(ADSL), the most commonly installed DSL technology.

13. DSL service is delivered simultaneously with wired telephone service on the same telephone line. This is possible because DSL uses higher frequency bands for data separated by filtering. The data bit rate of consumer DSL service typically ranges from 256 Kbit/s to 40 Mbit/s in the direction to the customer, depending on DSL technology line conditions & service-level implementation.

14. Cable modem connection :- A cable modem is a type of network bridge & modem that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a HFC & RFoG infrastructure. Cable modems are primarily used to deliver broadband internet access in the from of cable internet, taking advantage of the high bandwidth of a HFC & RFoG network.

15. VSAT :- VSAT short form “very small aperture terminal”, An earthbound station used in satellite communications of data, voice & video signal, excluding broadcast television. A VSAT consists of 2 parts, a transceiver that is placed outdoors in direct line of sight to the satellite & a device tha t is placed indoors to interface the transceiver with the end user’s communications device, such as a PC. The transceiver receives or sends a signal to a satellite transponder in the sky.

16. The satellite sends & receives signal from a ground station computer that acts as a hub for the system. Each end user is interconnected with the hub station via the satellite forming a star & mesh topology.

17. The hub controls the entire operation of the network. For one end user to communicate with another, each transmission has to first go to the hub station that then retransmit it via the satellite to the other end user’s VSAT

18. Thank you Rahul kundu 6 th sem, IT