Type of severage system

type of sewerage system

1. Types of sewers

2. Prepared by Ravaliya Nirmal

3. Topics Introduction. Types of sewers. Sewerage systems.

4. Introduction Every human society uses water for domestic , commercial and industrial activities and as a result wastewater is formed. The wastewater from the residential and commercial area is known as domestic wastewater and wastewater from industrial area is known as industrial wastewater. In cities quantity of domestic and industrial wastewater is very large and hence system of collection, conveyance, treatment and disposal of wastewater is necessary.

5. Based on Function Soil Pipe Waste Pipe Lateral Sewer House Sewer Branch Sewer Main Sewer Outfall Sewer

6. Based on Material Brick sewer Vitrified clay sewer pipe Cement Concrete sewer Steel pipe sewer Cast iron pipe sewer Asbestos sewer Plastic pipe sewer

7. Based on shape Circular sewer Egg shaped sewer

8. Based on Shape Horse shoe shaped Parabolic shaped

9. Based on Shape Rectangular shaped Semi circular

10. Types of sewerage system

11. Combined Sewerage System They are large networks of underground pipes that convey domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and storm water runoff in the same pipe to a centralized treatment facility. Transport all their wastewater to a WWTP where it is treated and discharged to a water body.

12. Applicability Suitable for urban areas with resources to implement, operate and maintain the system Appropriate when a centralized treatment facility is available Planning, construction, operation and maintenance require expert knowledge

13. Separate Sewerage System Separate sewer systems are designed to convey wastewater and storm water in separate pipes Sanitary sewer systems collect and transport wastewater Storm sewer systems collect and transport storm water runoff

14. Applicability Suitable for urban areas with resources to implement, operate and maintain the system Especially suitable in areas where irregular, heavy rainfall is expected to avoid frequent combined sewer overflows

15. Solid Free Sewerage System These are similar to conventional sewer systems, except that the wastewater is pre-settled and solids removed before entering the system As solids are removed, sewer diameter can be much smaller and they can be constructed using less conservative design criteria resulting in significantly lower investment costs Due to the simplified design, solids-free sewers can be built cheaper

16. Applicability They are well suited for areas where soak pits are inappropriate due to sensitive groundwater or lack of space for on-site infiltration Discharge of non-pre-settled wastewater into the sewers should be prevented Require a constant supply of water, although less water is needed compared to conventional sewers

17. Open Channels and Drains An open channel is a conveyance in which water flows with a free surface Although closed conduits such as culverts and storm drains are open channels when flowing partially full, the term is generally applied to natural and improved watercourses, gutters, ditches, and channels

18. Applicability Can be constructed in almost all types of settlements (urban or rural), but enough land area is required to build a reasonable construction. Even though they offer simple solutions for storm water drainage, they bear many risks for public health and the environment due to the risk of illegal discharge of wastewater and solid waste.

19. References https://www.cdaction.pl/artykul-41715/papka-zator-wkanale.html https://wtop.com/living/2015/01/d-c-s-newest-development-tour-dupont-underground/ Environmental Engineering- Tata McGraw Hill (Indian Edition)

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