TYPES OF BATTERIES, it's application, RAJ.ppt

types of batteries

1. BATTERIES AND TYPES
RAJ MANNA
1/23/SET/BBT/032

2. General aspects on power systems
Classification of batteries
Classical examples of power systems
 Special view on lead-acid system
About lithium batteries
General aspects on Electric Vehicles (Evs)
Battery companies powering the globe

3. BATTERY -cell -power packs -power sources
Isasourceofenergy,obtainedby
theconversionofchemicalenergy
from chemical reactioninto
electricalenergy
Thus BATTERIESrepresent a silent
form of energy producing chemical
devices, which generate electricity on
demand

4. ANODE
CATHODE
ELECTROLYTE
SEPARATOR
CONTAINER

5. ANODE REACTION: is an oxidation
reaction which releases electrons
(Anode is the –ve electrode in EC cell)
CELL REACTIONS
IN A BATTERY SYSTEM
CATHODE REACTION: is a reduction
reaction which consumes electrons
(Cathode is the +ve electrode in EC cell)
ELECTROLYTE is an ion-conducting
medium which conducts ions
between the electrodes so that the
above reactions can take place

6. V
A
e
-
_
+
WORKING PRINCIPLE

7. CLASSIFICATION OF BATTERIES
1.PRIMARY BATTERY
-for single use only
2. SECONDARY BATTERY
-for repeated use

8. 1. PRIMARY BATTERY
LECLANCHE CELLS (Zn/C) -Popular low-cost system
Applications: Torch light, portable radios, toys,
novelties, etc.
Mg/MnO
2CELLS -High capacity system
Applications: Military communication
equipment, voting machines, etc.
-Non-rechargeable(cellreactionsare
irreversible)
-Self-dischargeswhetherusedornot

9. 2. SECONDARY BATTERY
Lead-Acid Battery (Pb/H+)
Nickel-Cadmium Battery (Ni-Cd)
Nickel-Iron Battery (Ni-Fe)
Nickel-Metal hydrideBattery (Ni-MH)
Lithium battery (Li-LiM
xO
y)
Lithium-Ion battery (C-LiM
xO
y)
Lithium-Ion Polymer Battery (C-LiM
xO
y)
-Rechargeable (cell reactions are reversible)

10. LEAD-ACID BATTERY
ANODE : Pb
CATHODE : PbO
2
ELECTROLYTE : H
2SO
4
CELL VOLTAGE : 2.0 V
APPLICATIONS :
AUTOMOTIVE STARTING--LIGHTING--IGNITION
(SLI),ELECTRIC VEHICLES,EMERGENCY POWER
UTILITIES, PORTABLE TOOLS, INDUSTRIAL
TRUCKS,ETC.

11. NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERY
ANODE : Cd
CATHODE : NiOOH
ELECTROLYTE : KOH
CELL VOLTAGE : 1.2 V
APPLICATIONS :
AIRCRAFT BATTERIES, COMMUNICATION
EQUIPMENT, MEMORY BACKUP,
PHOTOGRAPHY EQUIPMENT, ETC.

12. NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE
BATTERY
ANODE : MH
CATHODE : NiOOH
ELECTROLYTE : KOH
CELL VOLTAGE : 1.2 V
APPLICATIONS :
PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES,ETC.

13. NICKEL-IRON BATTERY
ANODE : Fe
CATHODE : NiOOH
ELECTROLYTE : KOH
CELL VOLTAGE : 1.2 V
APPLICATIONS :
RAILWAY SIGNALING, STATIONARY
POWERSUPPLY,ETC.

14. LITHIUM SECONDARY BATTERY
ANODE : Li METAL
CATHODE : LiCoO
2
ELECTROLYTE : LiPF
6 in EC:PC
CELL VOLTAGE : 4 V
APPLICATIONS:
ELECTRIC VEHICLES, PORTABLE
ELECTRONIC DEVICES, ETC.

15. LITHIUM-ION BATTERY
ANODE : CARBON
CATHODE : LiCoO
2
ELECTROLYTE : LiPF
6 in EC:PC
CELL VOLTAGE : 4 V
APPLICATIONS :
ELECTRIC VEHICLES, CELLPHONES,
CAMCORDERS, LAP-TOPANDPALM-
TOP COMPUTERS, PORTABLE
ELECTRONIC DEVICES,ETC.

16. LITHIUM-POLYMER BATTERY
ANODE : Li
CATHODE : LiCoO
2
ELECTROLYTE : SOLID POLYMER FILMS
CELL VOLTAGE : 4 V
APPLICATIONS :
ELECTRIC VEHICLES, CREDITCARDS,
SLIMELECTRONIC DEVICES,ETC.

17. LITHIUM-ION POLYMER
BATTERY
ANODE : CARBON
CATHODE : LiCoO
2
ELECTROLYTE : SOLID POLYMER FILMS
CELL VOLTAGE : 4 V
APPLICATIONS :
ELECTRIC VEHICLES, PORTABLE
ELECTRONIC DEVICES,ETC.

18. LEAD-ACID BATTERY
ANODE : Pb
CATHODE : PbO
2
ELECTROLYTE : H
2SO
4
CELL VOLTAGE : 2.0 V

19. THANK YOU ALL